Unit1TheHappyMan讲稿.docx
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Unit1TheHappyMan讲稿.docx
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Unit1TheHappyMan讲稿
Unit-1-The-Happy-Man讲稿
LT
PartIIParagraphs4-5Solution
InParagraphs4-5theauthoroffershissolution—tocultivategenuineinterests,andintroducesindetailthespecificremediesforsuchself-centeredpassionsasthesenseofsin,self-pityandfear.
PartIIIParagraphs6-7DiscussiononSelf-denial
Paragraphs6and7aredevotedtothediscussionofself-denialwhich,accordingtotheauthor,isalsoakindofself-centeredpassion.
SectionThree:
DetailedReading
Analysis
Paragraphs1-3Introduction
Question:
Whatisthechiefcauseofunhappinesswhenactualcircumstancesarenotunfavorable?
(Paragraph1)
→Providedthatthecircumstancesarenotunfortunate,themaincauseofunhappinessliesinself-centeredpassionsandintereststhatmakeaprisonwhereoneisshutoutfromtheoutsideworld.
Paragraphs4-5Solution
Question:
Howcanoneconqueralldifficultiesandreachtheobjectiveofhappiness?
(Paragraphs4)
→Thefirstthing,ofcourse,istodiagnosecorrectlyhisowntrouble,andthentotakecorrespondingactions.Tosumup,thesolutionistodevelopgenuineinterests,andtherebygetoutsideofone’sownclosedworld.
Paragraphs6-7DiscussiononSelf-denial
Questions:
1)Whydoestraditionalmoralists’preachingfailtogeneratehappiness?
(Paragraphs6)
→Professionalortraditionalmoraliststendtopreachself-denialand,accordingtotheauthor,havemisplacedtheemphasis.Consciousself-denialleavesamanself-absorbedandvividlyawareofwhathehassacrificed;therefore,hecannotreallyfeelhappy.
2)Intheauthor’sview,howdoeshisrecommendationdifferfromthatofthetraditionalmoralist?
(Paragraph7)
→Traditionalmoralistsappealtounselfishlovewhichtheauthorbelievesmayencourageself-abnegationandmakeabarriertorealhappiness.Onthecontrary,theauthorarguesthattheselfandtherestoftheworldcanbeintegrated,andrealhappinesscanbeattained,solongaswehavegenuineinterestsinpersonsorthingsoutsideourselves.
Activity
Accordingtotheauthor,toachievehappinessoneshouldcultivategenuineinterestsintheoutsideworld.Doyouagreewithhisopinion?
Whatinyourviewistherealrecipeforhappiness?
→Opentodiscussion.
III.WordsandExpressions
1.recipe(Paragraph1)n.
Explanation:
amethodoranideathatseemslikelytohaveaparticularresult
e.g.Hethinkstheonerecipeforsuccessliesinhardwork.
2.JosephWoodKrutch(Paragraph1)
Explanation:
Americanauthor,editor,andteacher.Highlyregardedasasocialandliterarycritic,Krutch’swritingsinclude EdgarAllanPoe:
AStudyinGenius (1926), TheModernTemper (1929), SamuelJohnson (1944),and HenryDavidThoreau(1948).AfterhemovedtoArizona,heturnedtothestudyofnature;hisbooksinthisfieldinclude TheTwelveSeasons (1949)and TheVoiceoftheDesert:
ANaturalist’sInterpretation (1955).
3.creed(Paragraph1)n.
Explanation:
systemofbeliefsoropinions,esp.religiousbeliefs
e.g.Thelawsapplytoeveryoneirrespectiveofrace,creedorcolour.
4.exceptional(Paragraph1)a.
Explanation:
veryunusual
e.g.Thisdeadlinewillbeextendedonlyinexceptionalcircumstances.
5.maladjustment(Paragraph1)a.
Explanation:
inabilitytoadjusttothedemandsofinterpersonalrelationshipsandthestressesofdailyliving.
e.g.Regulardaydreamingwasregardedasevidenceofmaladjustmentoranescapefromlife’srealitiesandresponsibilities.
6.setabout(Paragraph1)
Explanation:
tostarttodoordealwithsth.
e.g.Itriedtoapologize,butIthinkIsetaboutitthewrongway.
7.garment(Paragraph1)n.
Explanation:
apieceofclothing
e.g.Shepulledthegarmentonandzippeditup.
8.blast(Paragraph1)n.
Explanation:
asuddenstrongmovementofwindorair
e.g.Ablastofcoldairsweptthroughthehut.
9.harden(Paragraph1)v.
Explanation:
tomakesb.lesskindorlessaffectedbyextremesituations
e.g.Lifehashardenedme.
Inthisjobyouhavetohardenyourhearttopainandsuffering.
10.atbottom(Paragraph1)
Explanation:
inabasicway
e.g.Jealousyis,atbottom,alackofself-confidence.
Practice:
TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish
虽然他秉性是保守的,但他骨子里对政策并不感兴趣。
(点击该句,出现下面的译文。
)
(=Thoughbyinstinctconservative,hewasatbottomuninterestedinpolicy.)
11.untoward(Paragraph1)a.
Explanation:
unusualandunexpected,andusuallyunpleasant
e.g.It’simportantthatnothinguntowardshouldhappenduringhisvisit.
Transformation:
untowardlyad.
untowardnessn.
12.promiscuity(Paragraph2)n.
Explanation:
thestateofincludingawiderangeofdifferentthings
e.g.therisksofpromiscuoussexualbehaviour
13.recipient(Paragraph3)n.
Explanation:
apersonwhoreceivessth.
e.g.recipientsofawards/services/funds
Synonym:
receiver
14.potent(Paragraph3)a.
Explanation:
havingorabletoexertgreatpower
e.g.Advertisingisapotentforceinshowingsmokingasasociallyacceptablehabit.
15.bestow(Paragraph3)v.
Explanation:
togiveformallyorofficially
e.g.TheQueenhasbestowedaknighthoodonhim.
Thetrophywasbestoweduponthewinner.
16.beencasein(Paragraph4)
Explanation:
becompletelycoveredorsurroundedbysth.
e.g.Hisbrokenlegwasencasedinplaster.
17.simulated(Paragraph4)a.
Explanation:
notreal,butmadetolook,sound,orfeelreal
e.g.Shelookedatthereportwithsimulatedinterest.
Synonym:
fake
Transformation:
simulatev.
simulationn.
18.dispel(Paragraph4)v.
Explanation:
drivesth.away
e.g.Thecompanyistryingtodispelrumoursaboutatake-over.
Synonyms:
disperse,driveaway,scatter
Practice:
TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish.
他愉快的笑声消除了她的恐惧。
(=Hischeerfullaughterdispelledherfears.)
19.spontaneously(Paragraph4)ad.
Explanation:
inanatural,oftensuddenway,withoutanyplanningorwithoutbeingforced
e.g.Shelaughedspontaneously.
Transformation:
spontaneousa.
spontaneityn.
20.immemorial(Paragraph4)a.
Explanation:
thathasexistedforlongerthanpeoplecanremember
e.g.Myfamilyhaslivedinthisareafromtimeimmemorial.
21.BoyScout(Paragraph4)n.
Explanation:
anorganizationofboys,foundedinEnglandin1908byLieut.Gen.SirRobertS.S.Baden-Powell,thatseekstodevelopcertainskillsinitsmembers,aswellascharacter,self-reliance,andusefulnesstoothers
22.flinch(Paragraph4)v.
Explanation:
todrawawayinvoluntarily,usuallyoutoffearordisgust
e.g.Hedidnotflinchfromhisduty.
TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish.
在困难面前我们决不退缩。
(=Weneverflinchfromdifficulties.)
23.thereupon(Paragraph5)ad.
Explanation:
immediatelyaftersomethingelsehashappened,andusuallyasaresultofit
e.g.Thereuponthewholeaudiencebegancheering.
24.hedonist(Paragraph6)n.
Explanation:
apersonwhobelievesthatpleasureisthemostimportantthinginlife
Transformation:
hedonistica.
hedonismn.
25.agent(Paragraph6)n.
Explanation:
apersonorthingthathasanimportanteffectonasituation
e.g.Thecharityhasbeenanagentforsocialchange.
26.succour(Paragraph6)v.
Explanation:
tohelpsb.whoissufferingorhavingproblems
e.g.Helicoptersflyinappallingweathertosuccourshipwreckedmariners.
27.ardent(Paragraph7)a.
Explanation:
veryenthusiasticandshowingstrongfeelingsaboutsth./sb.
e.g.He’sbeenoneofthemostardentsupportersoftheadministration’spolicy.
28.abnegation(Paragraph7)n.
Explanation:
theactofnotallowingyourselftohavesth.thatyouwant;theactofrejectingsth.
e.g.Menwiththatcapacityforself-abnegationdonotreachaPresidency.
Onlyspontaneousloveflowingwithsinceregenerosityandself-abnegationcanfertilizethesoulofothers.
Synonym:
denial
29.antithesis(Paragraph7)n.
Explanation:
acontrastbetweentwothings
e.g.Thereisanantithesisbetweentheneedsofthestateandtheneedsofthepeople.
30.billiard-ball(Paragraph7)n.
Explanation:
asmall,hardballusedincuesports,suchascarombilliards,pool,andsnooker
31.pitagainst(Paragraph7)
Explanation:
tosetsb.orsth.inoppositiontosb.orsth.else
e.g.I’dliketopitmywitsagainstthebest.
IV.Sentences
[1]…thathappinessisimpossiblewithoutacreedofamoreorlessreligiouskind.(Paragraph1)
Paraphrase:
→Withoutfollowingwithasomewhatreligiousaweanddevotionastrictsetofprincipleswhichincludetheideaofself-sacrificeandothersimilarideas,therealizationofhappinesswouldbeimpossible.
Translation:
→如果没有一种多少带有宗教色彩的信仰,那么幸福是不可能的。
[2]Itisthoughtbymanywhoarethemselvesunhappythattheirsorrowshavecomplicatedandhighlyintellectualizedsources.(Paragraph1)
Paraphrase:
→Manyunhappypeoplethinktheirunhappinessisareflectionoftheirprofundity.
Translation:
→许多自己并不幸福的人认为,他们的忧伤有着复杂而高深的原因。
[3]Butthethornstearthewarmgarmentandthecoldblastspenetratethroughtherents,andthemanwhohasbecomeaccustomedtoitswarmthsuffersfarmorefromtheseblaststhanamanwhohashardenedhimselftothemfromthefirst.(Paragraph1)
Paraphrase:
→But,realityis,afterall,reality,andallillusionsandself-deceptionswillbreakupsomeday.Anyonewhohasindulgedhimselfinsuchillusionsismorevulnerablethanthosewhohavefaceduptodifficultiesallalong.
Translation:
→然而现实的荆棘撕破了长袍,寒冷刺骨的风从撕裂处长驱直入,这时已经习惯了温暖舒适的人,比一个从开始就经受了磨练的人,要遭受更多的痛苦。
[4]Thehappymanisthemanwholivesobjectively,whohasfreeaffectionsandwideinterests,whosecureshishappinessthroughtheseinterestsandaffectionsandthroughthefactthatthey,inturn,makehimanobjectofinterestandaffectiontomanyothers.(Paragraph3)
Paraphrase:
→Onecanbehapp
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