人教新课标选修八 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors单元教案.docx
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人教新课标选修八 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors单元教案.docx
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人教新课标选修八Unit5Meetingyourancestors单元教案
Unit5Meetingyourancestors
TheFirstPeriodListening&speaking
StepⅠLead-in
Lead-inbytalkingabouttheancientcivilizations.
T:
Goodmorning,boysandgirls!
Youmusthavelearnedhistoryinthepastyears,haven’tyou?
S:
Yes.
T:
Haveyoueverheard“FourGreatAncientCivilizations”?
S:
Yes,theyareAncientChina,AncientGreece,AncientEgyptandAncientIndia.
T:
Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?
S1:
InAncientChina,wehave“FourGreatInventions”.Theyarethecompass,printing,gunpowderandpapermaking,ofwhichweareproud,andwhich,inthewordsofRogerBacon,“changedthewholeappearanceandstatusofthingsintheworld.”
S2:
Chinawasthefirstcountryintheworldtomakepaper.PapermadeduringtheWesternHanDynasty(202BC-16AD)hasbeenfoundinGansuProvince,Xi’anandShaanxiProvinceaswellasXinjiang.AfurtherdevelopmentofpaperwascreditedtoCaiLunoftheEasternHan(25-220).Heusedplantfibersuchastreebark,bitsofrope,ragsandworn-outfishingnetsasrawmaterials.In105,CaipresentedthefirstbatchofpapermadeunderhissupervisiontotheHanemperor,whowassodelightedthathenamedthematerial“MarquisCai’spaper”.
S3:
Beforepaperwasinvented,theancientChinesecarvedcharactersonpottery,animalbonesandstones,castthemonbronzes,orwrotethemonbambooorwoodenstripsandsilkfabric.Thesematerials,however,wereeithertooheavyortooexpensiveforwidespreaduse.Theinventionanduseofpaperbroughtaboutarevolutioninwritingmaterials,pavingthewayfortheinventionofprintingtechnologyintheyearstocome.
S4:
TheinventionofgunpowderwasnodoubtoneofthemostsignificantachievementsoftheMiddleAgesinChina.Thecorrectprescriptionformakinggunpowderwithnitre,sulphurandcarbonwasprobablydiscoveredintheninthcentury.
S5:
Bi’sprintingconsistedoffourprocesses:
makingthetypes,composingthetext,printingandretrievingthemovabletypes.AccordingtoDreamStreamEssays,BiShengcarvedindividualcharactersonsquaresofstickyclay,andthenbakedthemtomakeclaytypepieces.Whencomposingatext,heputalargeironframeonapieceofironboardandarrangedthewordswithintheframe.Whileoneplatewasbeingprinted,anotherplatecouldbecomposed.Afterprinting,themovabletypesweretakenawayandstoredforfutureuse.Movabletypeprintinghadaveryimportantpositioninthehistoryofprinting,foralllaterprintingmethodssuchaswoodentype,coppertypeandleadtypeprintinginvariablydevelopedonthebasisofmovableclaytypes.BiShengcreatedmovabletypeprintingmorethanfourhundredyearsearlierthanitwasinventedinEurope.
S6:
Accordingtoancientrecords,naturalmagnetswereemployedinChinaasdirection-findingdevices.Thisledtothefirstcompass,calledasinan(south-pointingladle)duringtheWarringStatesPeriod.IntheHanDynastycompassesconsistedofabronzeonwhich24directionswerecarvedandarodmadefromanaturalmagnet.Suchdeviceswereinuseuntiltheeighthcentury.IntheSongDynasty,ShenKuodescribedthefloatingcompass,suspendedinwater,atechniquethatminimizedtheeffectofmotionontheinstrument.Thisenabledthecompasstobeusedforseanavigationforthefirsttime.Theinventionofthecompasspromotedmaritimeundertakings,anditsusesoonspreadtotheArabworld,andthencetoEurope.
S7:
China’sfourgreatancientinventionsmadetremendouscontributionstotheworld’seconomyandthecultureofmankind.TheywerealsoimportantsymbolsofChina’sroleasagreatworldcivilization.
S8:
AncientEgyptisfamousforpyramidsandmummy.
S9:
OlympicgamesgrewoutofAncientGreece.Besides,AncientGreeceiswellknownforitsart,architectureandmyth.
S10:
AncientIndiaisknownforitscultureofBuddha.
T:
Excellent!
I’mveryhappythatyou’veknownsomuchaboutFourGreatAncientCivilizations.Today,wewilltalkaboutsomeotherculturalheritage.
StepⅡWarmingup
DealwiththeWarmingUppart.
T:
Nowturntopage37andlookatthepictures.Whatcanyouseeinthepictures?
S:
SomeculturalrelicsfromAncientGreece,ChinaandEgypt.
T:
Good.Nowtrytoidentifythesepictures.Discusswhattheymayhavebeenmadeofandexplaintheiruse.Canyouthinkofthealternativeswewouldusetoday?
Thestudentsaregiven3minutestodiscuss.3minuteslater,letthestudentsgivetheiropinions.
S1:
Thefirstpictureisanoillamp.Ithinkitmighthavebeenmadeofbronze.Itwasusedtogetlight.Butnowwegetlightbyusingelectricity.
S2:
Itiscalled“Bianzhong”.Iguessitwasmadeofbronze,too.Itwasusedtoplaymusic.Todayweuseothermusicalinstruments,suchasviolin,pianoandguitar.
S3:
ThethirdoneisStoneAxe,whichiscertainlymadeofstone.Itmighthaveusedtoscrapeandcutupthings.Todaywecanusesteelaxe.
S4:
ThelastoneisaburialmaskofPharaoh.ItwasmadeofgoldandusedtoprotectthefaceofPharaoh;andthemaskenabledthespirittorecognizethebody.Ithinkweneverusemaskswhenapersondies.Butnowweusemaskstoplayorgiveperformance.
…
T:
NowIcangiveyousomesuggestedanswers.Lookatthescreen.
Showthefollowing.
Itsname
Whatitwas
madeof
Itsuse
Today’salternatives
1.Oillamp
Bronze
Getlight
electricity,wind
2.Bianzhong
Bronze
Playmusic
Piano,violinand
guitar
3.Stoneaxe
Stone
Scrapeandcutupthings
Axemadeofothermaterials,forexample,steel
4.Pharaohmask
Gold
Preservethefaceorenablethespirittorealizethebody
Nothing
StepⅢSpeaking
TalkaboutSanxingduiRuinswiththestudents.
T:
WehavelookedatsomeculturalrelicsofAncientGreece,ChinaandEgyptabove.DoyouwanttoknowmoreaboutChineseculturalrelics?
S:
Yes.
Thenshowthepicturesonpage44.TellthestudentstheywerefoundduringanexcavationintheSanxingduiRuins.
T:
WhatdoyouknowaboutSanxingduiRuins?
S1:
IknowthatSanxingduiRuinsarefoundinSichuanProvince.
S2:
Theyarefamousforgoldmasks,bronzewares,jadetabletsandsacredtrees.
S3:
Andhalfhumanandhalf-animalmasks.ThereisSanxingduiInternationalMaskFestivalatthestartoftheMayDayholiday.
S4:
ItisbelievedthatSanxingduiwasthecapitaloftheancient“Shuculture”oftheSichuanarea,previouslybelievedtobe3,000yearsold.Ametropolisofitstime,coveringaboutthreesquarekilometers,Sanxingduihadhighlydevelopedagriculture,includingwine-makingability,ceramictechnologyandsacrificialtoolsandmining.
T:
Good,SanxingduiRuinsareveryimportantculturalrelicsforusChineseandeventhewholeworld.Some100yearsago,Sanxingduiintoday’sSichuanProvincewasnothingmorethanatypicalruralarea,andjust20yearsagoitssignificancewasnotfullyknown.Butin1929whenafarmerfoundsomejade,heunwittinglyopenedthedoorofanunknownculturebetween3,000to5,000yearsold.ButwhatnoonecouldhaveexpectedwasthatthisparticulardiscoverywouldrewriteChinesehistory.Theareawhosenamemeans“three-starmounds”inEnglishisnotaplaceforeignerswhoaren’tarcheologistswouldknowtovisit.Andlittleisleftforthecommonpersontoseebutsomeancientobjectsandmanyreproductions.ManyobjectsatfirstseemsomewhatcommonplaceforoldculturesuntilyourealizethatthepeoplemakingtheseobjectswerethoselivingatthebeginningofChinesecivilization.Nowsupposeyouworkinamuseum,yourjobistodescribetheobjectsastheyarebroughttothemuseum.Lookatthepicturesanddiscussabouttheseobjects.
Showthefollowingonthescreen.Givethestudentsthreeminutestodiscuss.
1.Guesswhattheyare.
2.Discusswhattheseobjectswerepossiblyusedfor.
3.Describetheseobjects.Youshouldinclude:
a.Thenameofthesitewherethefourobjectswerefoundandtheirpossibledates;
b.Adescriptionofeachincludingappearance,shapeandaguessaboutthematerialitwasmadeof;
c.Whatwecanlearnfromtheseobjectsaboutthepeoplewholivedthen.
Afterafewminutes.
T:
OK,somuchfordiscussion.Firstlookatthequestionsonthescreenagain.Whataretheanswers?
S1:
Inmyopinion,thefirstonelookslikeatree.Itmightbemadeofbronze.Also,itmightbeusedtooffersacrificestogodsorancestors.
S2:
Ithinkthesecondpictureisananimal-faceimage.Itmightalsobemadeofbronze.Itmightstandforauthority.
S3:
Itlookslikeabird.Ithinkitcouldbemadeofbronzeanditmightbeanornament.
S4:
Itmaybeapotterypot,whichisusedtocontainboiledwaterorwine.
T:
Welldone.Yourguessessoundreasonable.Lookatthescreen.ThesearewhatIhavefoundaboutthesethings.
Showthefollowing.
1.bronzesacredtree442×802-52kb.
2.bronzeanimal-faceimage520×364-55kb.
3.bird-shapedornament1s500×815-50kbt1.
4.potterypot579×924-170kb.
DealwiththeSPEAKINGTASK.
T:
AboveareobjectsinancientChina.Nowlet’sturntoapictureofancientEgypt.Turntopage84.ReadtheinstructionsanddiscussthepaintingandthenfillinthechartinPart1.
Asampledialogue:
S1:
Whatcanyoufindinthepainting?
S2:
Icanfindsomepeoplearesittingonlowstools,servedbysomeone.
S1:
Yes.Inthelowerpartofthepicture,someoneisholdingaplatewithmeatofpoultry.Andonthetablethereareotherkindsoffood.
S2:
Look.Therehangsomeclothesonthewall.Theyhadtotakeoffclotheswhenhavingdinner.
S1:
Iagree.Andwecanseethattheirmealsarearrangedwell.Maybethesoupmustbefirstserved,andthencomesthemeat.
S2:
Doyoufindsomeonedancing?
S1:
Yes.Maybetheyarewatchingthedancingwhileeating.
…
Askthestudentstoreadtheiranswer
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