名词性从句讲义及练习题.docx
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名词性从句讲义及练习题.docx
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名词性从句讲义及练习题
语法系列专题名词性从句
一、名词性从句
1.概念:
在主从复合句中,相当于名词的从句被称为名词性从句。
2.分类:
名词性从句包括:
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、宾语从句
1在复合句中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫作宾语从句。
Hesaid(that)youweretooyoungtounderstandthematterandthatyouwereaskednottocareaboutit.
Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.
连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever和连接副词when,where,how,why。
这些连接词都有词义,除引导从句外,还在从句中充当一定的成分,可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
这种宾语从句有疑问意义,但不是疑问句,不能用疑问语序,而要用陈述语序。
Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.
她总是在想怎样把工作做好。
(how作状语)
Shegaveupwhatshewasdoing.
她放弃了她正在做的事情。
(what作宾语)
DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?
你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏吗?
(who作主语)
Doyouknowwhenthemeetingwillbegin?
你知道什么时候开会吗?
(when作状语)
CanIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofthisproject?
我能和负责这个项目的人谈谈吗?
(whoever作主语)
it作形式宾语
当某些动词后的宾语从句之后有宾语补足语(通常是形容词或名词)时,通常以it代替that宾语从句作形式宾语,这时that不可省略。
常见的这类动词有find,think,consider,take,feel等。
Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.
我认为我们每天多喝开水是有必要的。
Wefinditdifficultthatweshouldfinishtheworkontime.我们发现我们按时完成工作有困难。
在like,enjoy,love,hate等表“喜怒哀乐”的动词或一些特殊动词(短语)如take,dependon,relyon,seeto等后若要跟宾语从句,需跟形式宾语it。
Ihateitwhentheysaywiththeirmouthsfulloffood.
我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。
Youmaydependonitthattheywillsupportyou.
你相信好了,他们会支持你的。
宾语从句的虚拟语气
表示“建议、命令、要求、决定、主张”等动词后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。
这类动词主要有insist,order,demand等。
Heinsistedthatallofusshouldbethereontimebyanymeans.
后接宾语从句常用虚拟语气的动词口诀:
“一二三四”
一“坚持”(insist);
二“命令”(order,command);
三“建议”(advise,suggest,recommend);
四“要求”(demand,desire,require,request)。
三、表语从句
在复合句中位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫作表语从句
Themostimportantthingisthatweshouldfindtheshortestwaytothehotel.
Thedoubtiswhohastakenawaythevaluablepainting.
.表语从句中需注意的问题
(1)why,because引导的表语从句的区别:
①why,because都可引导表语从句。
表示原因的名词(reason,cause)作句子主语时,其后的表语从句常用that引导,不可用because。
Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthefirstbusthismorning.
他迟到的原因是他今天早上没赶上早班公共汽车。
②because引导的表语从句常用于that’sbecause...结构中,说明产生上述结果的原因;why引导的名词性从句说明由上述原因导致的某种结果。
Iwaslateforschoolthismorning.That’sbecauseIstayeduptoolatelastnight.(果→因)
今天早上我上学迟到了。
那是因为我昨晚熬夜太晚了。
Istayeduptoolatelastnight.That’swhyIwaslateforschoolthismorning.(因→果)
我昨晚熬夜太晚。
那就是我今天早上上学迟到的原因。
(2)主语是表示“建议、命令、要求、计划(suggestion,advice,proposal,order,command,request,requirement,demand,plan,idea)”等的名词时,表语从句应该用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)setoffearlytomorrow.我的建议是我们明天早早动身。
Ⅰ.选用适当的连接词填空
where,that,why,whether,what,asif,whatever,who,because,when,how
1.I’mwondering______youarealwayslateforclass.
2.Iamnotsure_________heiswillingtohelpme.
3.Myparentsareverykindtomeandalwaysletmedo_____-IthinkIshoulddo.
4.Thetroubleis______Ilostthekeytomyroom.
5.Thequestiondiscussedatthemeetingwas______itwasworthtrying.
6.Wethink______-it’snecessarytotalkwithhimagain.
7.Doyouremember_______hecamehere?
8.Allthiswasovertwentyyearsago,butitis_____itwereonlyyesterday.
四主语从句
一、定义在主从复合句中充当主语的从句即为主语从句。
Whatsurprisedmeisthateverybodyseemedtobeverycoldtoher.
Itworriedthewomanthathersonwasalwaysplayingcomputergames.
Whowilldoitdoesn’tmatter.
Whatweneedismorewater.
Whateveryoudoinyoursparetimeshoulddonoharmtoothers.
Whowillgototheconcertisnotknown.
Whoeverwillgototheconcertiswelcome.
Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.
Whenwewillhaveameetingisanimportantquestion.
WhereIspendmysummerisnobusinessofyours.
主语从句中用it作形式主语的结构
为保持句子平衡,常把主语从句后置,而用形式主语it代替。
it作形式主语
It’spossiblethathehasbeentoBeijing.
It’sapitythatyoudidn’tattendthemeeting.
Itissuggestedthatthemeetingbeputoff.
Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.
主语从句中应注意的问题
(1)从句的语序要用陈述语序。
Whoeverleavestheroomlastisexpectedtoturnoffthelights.无论谁最后离开房间都要把灯关掉。
(2)从句作主语时,主句的谓语一般用单数形式。
有时受表语的影响用复数形式。
Whatyousaidjustnowisquiteright.
刚刚你说的话很对。
Whathewantstoreadnowaresomemagazines.
现在他想读的是一些杂志。
(3)从句的时态一般要取决于主句。
Whatmadepeopleexcitedwasthatthesolarshiphadcompletedaround-the-worldtrip.
让人们激动的是太阳能船已完成了环游世界的旅行。
适当的连接词填空
1._______hegotthefirstprizeintheEnglishContestsurprisedallofus.
2.________theywouldsupportuswasaproblem.
3.__________willtaketheplaceofMr.Liasournewheadmasterhasn’tbeendecided.
4.___________causedtheaccidenttohappenhasn’tbeenmadeclearyet.
5._________hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.
6.Itissaid_______Peterwillhaveachancetotravelabroadnextmonth.
7.__________wecangetintouchwithhimisthemostimportant.
五.同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容。
能跟同位语从句的名词一般是fact,news,idea,belief,thought,truth,hope,problem,question,information,wish,promise,answer,evidence,report,explanation,suggestion,conclusion等抽象名词。
Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.
2.SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5,500kilometresfromcoasttocoast.
3.ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.
2..同位语从句的虚拟语气
名词suggestion,order,demand,command,request,desire,proposal等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语动词用“should+do”,should可省略。
名词性从句高考热点
连接词what与that的用法区别。
连接词whether和if的用法区别。
形式主语、形式宾语。
Who/whoever,what/whatever等的用法区别。
Where,when,why等连接副词引导的名词性从句。
改错
1.Thatweneedismorefood.
2.ItissaidwhichPeterwillhaveachancetotravelabroadnextmonth.
3.Thatthisaccidenthappenedisnotcleartoanyone.
4.ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactoceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.
5.Whatsurprisedmeiseverybodyseemedtobeverycoldtoher.
6.Whathewantstoreadnowissomemagazines.
7.Doyourememberhecame?
—Yes,Ido,hecamebycar.
8.Thatwecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.
9.ThatisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.
10.Youcan’timaginewhatexcitedwhentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.
11.Heinsistedthatallofuswerethereontimebyanymeans.
名词性从句专练
基本技能:
1._________hesaidatthemeetingisveryimportanttous.
2._________thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.
3.Allthebooksarehere.Youmayborrow__________youlike.
4.Thisis__________hewasoftenlateforschool.
5.Hesuggestedthatwe_______________(go)tothecinema.
6.Weallknowthetruth__________theearthmovesaroundthesun.
7.Thereason__________hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdayis__________hehadtolookafterhissickmotherathome.
8.__________Ican’tunderstandis_________hechangedhismind.
9.Hetoldme___________hadhappenedthere.
综合能力:
1.Afterfivehours’drive,theyreached__________theythoughtwastheplace
they’dbeendreamingof.
2.Itisstillaquestiontousall__________themeetingcanbeheldasplanned.
3.Itis_________heoftenbreakstheschoolrules_________makeshishead
teacherdissatisfiedwithhim.
4.---Irangyouataboutnine,buttherewasnoreply.
---Oh,thatwasprobably__________Iwasseeingthedoctor.
5._________reallymattersisthatsheworeapairofwhiteshoes.
6.Peoplewereperhapsmorehonestalongtimeagowhenlifewasverydifferent
from_________itistoday.
7.Nowadaysthedoctorsaretryingtheirbesttoreducethepeople’sfear_________theywouldbeaffectedbythepresentdiseasecalled“BirdFlu”.
8.Theyhavenoideaatall_________heisworkingon.
9.Don’ttake_________forgranted__________everyonestudieshard.
10.Informationhasbeenputforward__________moremiddleschoolgraduateswill
beadmittedintouniversities.
11.ProfessorLiu’sbookwillshowyou__________whatyouhaveobservedcanbe
usedinotherfields.
12.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s__________youleftit.
高考真题:
1.Itworriedherabit_________herhairwasturninggrey.
2.There’resomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan’tmakeupmymind__________tobuy.
3.__________wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan__________wehave.
4.__________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
5.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____________heorshewants.
6.---IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.
---Isthat__________youhadafewdaysoff?
7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee__________itis.
8.__________shecouldn’tunderstandwas__________fewerandfewerstudents
showedinterestinherlessons.
9.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis____________mymotherwillrecoverfromthe
seriousdiseasesoon.
10.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrules:
alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly___________hewants.
11.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise__________hewouldvisitmethiscoming
Christmas.
12.There’safeelinginme__________we’llneverknowwhataUFOis---notever.
阅读理解(2019江苏)
The65-year-oldSteveGoodwinwasfoundsufferingfromearlyAlzheimer’s(阿尔楚海默症).Hewaslosinghismemory.
Asoftwareengineerbyprofession,Stevewasakeenloverofthepiano,andtheonlymusicianinhisfamily.Musicwashistruepassion,thoughhehadneverperformedoutsidethefamily.
Melissa,hisdaughter,feltitmorethanworthwhiletosavehismusic,towhichshefellasleepeachnightwhenshewasyoung.Shethoughtabouthiringaprofessionalpianisttoworkwithherfather.
Naomi,Melissa’sbestfriendandatalentedpianist,gottoknowaboutthisandshowedwillingnesstohelp.
“Whydothis?
”Stevewondered.
“Becauseshecares.”Melissasaid.
Stevenodded,tearsineye.
NaomidrovetotheGoodwinhome.ShetoldSteveshe’dlovetohearhimplay.Stevemovedtothepianoandsatatthebench,handstremblingashegently
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