上海新世纪英语高二全部课文.docx
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上海新世纪英语高二全部课文.docx
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上海新世纪英语高二全部课文
上海新世纪英语高二全部课文(包括AdditionalReading)及重点词组
高二第一学期
1.FoodintheUnitedStates
ManychangesaretakingplaceinfoodstylesintheUnitedStates.TheUnitedStatesistraditionallyfamousforitsverysolidandunchangingdiet,chieflymadeupofmeatandpotatoes.NowpeopleinAmericahavemanydifferentchoices:
ethnicfood,healthfood,andfastfood,inadditiontothetraditionalhome-cookedmeal.
EthnicrestaurantsandsupermarketsarecommonintheUnitedStates.Beingacountryofimmigrants,theUnitedStatesenjoysawidevarietyofethnicfood.MostAmericancitiesandtownsarefilledwithrestaurantsservinginternationalcooking.Manyevenhaveethnicsections:
Chinatown,LittleItaly,orGermantown.Havingvastethnicchoices,Americanscanenjoyfoodfromallovertheworld.Besidessectionsofcities,thereareethnicregions,whicharewell-knownforcertainfoodbecauseofthepeoplewhohavesettledthere.Forexample,insouthernCalifornia,therearemanyMexicanrestaurants.
Healthfoodbecamepopularwhenpeoplebegantothinkmoreseriouslyabouttheirphysicalwell-being.Healthfoodisfresh,natural,andunprocessedfood,whichdoesnotcontainpreservativestomakeitlastlongerorchemicalstomakeittasteorlookbetter.Peoplewhoarekeenonhealthfoodareusuallyvegetarians.Theydon’teatmeat,butliveonbeans,cheese,andeggs.
Fastfoodrestaurantsarenowexpandingrapidlyalloverthecountry.IntheUnitedStates,speedisaveryimportantconcept.Peopleusuallyhaveashortlunchbreakbecausetheyjustdonotwanttowastetheirtimeeating.Fastfoodrestaurantsareplacesthattakecareofhundredsofpeopleinashorttime.Thereisusuallyverylittlewaiting,andthefoodisalwayscheap.Burgerandpizzaplacesarejusttwoexamples.
Americans’attitudetowardfoodischanging,too.Thetraditionalbigbreakfastisnolongerpopular.However,comingtorediscoverthesocialimportanceoffood,Americansfindthatdinnerwithfamilyandfriendsisaveryspecialofenjoyingtimetogether.Likesomanypeopleinothercultures,manyAmericansaretakingtimetorelaxandenjoyawidervarietyoftastesatdinner,eveniftheystillrushthroughlunchatahamburgerstand.
2.Theworld’sbestethnicfood
Howcanyoutraveltheworldwithoutleavingyourowncountry?
Visitanethnicrestaurant!
Tryingfoodsfromothercountriesisagreatwaytoexperiencedifferentcultures.Peoplearoundtheworldhaveuniqueandcreativewaysofpreparingfood.Theingredientstheyusemaysurpriseyou.
Sowhataretheworld’sbestethnicfoods?
Everyonehashisorherownpersonalfavourites,andsodowe.Thefollowingaretheworld’sthreebestethnicfoods---otherthanChinesefood,ofcourse!
ITALIANWhenyouvisitanItalianrestaurant,orderapasta(意大利面食)dish.TheItalianshavehundredsofwaysofpreparingthisfood.Pastasusuallycomewithflavourfultomatoorcreamsauces,whichgivethedishesapowerful,richflavour.Therearealsodifferentkindsofcheese.
WhenorderingItalianfood,youchooseonemaindishforyourself.Youmay,however,orderanappetizertosharewitheveryoneatthetable.
MEXICANWhat’sgreataboutMexicanfood?
Mostofityoucanpickupandeatwithyourhands!
OnemajorMexicanfoodisthetortilla(尤指墨西哥人食用的玉米薄饼).Mexicanchefsmoldthiscornorflour-basedmaterialintoround,flatshapes.Thetortillathengetsfilledwithingredientssuchascheese,meat,sourcream,beansandothervegetables.Tortilladishescanbefried,bakedortoasted.Don’tforgettoaddhotsauce---Mexicanfoodisgreatwithabitofspice!
INDIANIndiaisthelandofcurriesandstrongflavours.YoucansmellagoodIndianrestaurantevenbeforeyouwalkthroughthedoor!
TheeatingmethodofIndianfoodalsotakesabitofgettingusedto.Pealoffsomeflatfriedbreadandusethis“spoon”togetfoodfromashareddish.YoucanfinishthemealwithIndian-stylemilktea.
WhileChinesefoodisgreat,trysomethingnewandexpandyourhorizons.Afterall,varietyisthespiceoflife!
3.Theglobaldrink
Tea,theglobaldrink,isconsumedaroundtheworldmorethananyotherdrinkexceptwater.OriginatinginChina,teahaslongestablisheditselfasthenationaldrinkofthiscountry,thenationwiththebiggestpopulationonearth.
AcenturybeforethebirthofChrist,teawasdescribedinChinesetextsasahealthdrinkthatmadeonelivelonger.Teaisstillbeingregardedassuch.Scientificstudieshavesuggestedthatdrinkingfivecupsofteaadaycanbecomparedtohavingtwoservingsofvegetables.Bothgreenandblackteasareclaimedtobeeffectiveforpreventingcancer,heartdisease,andmanyotherdeadlydisease.Thereisonlyonepointpeopleneedtobeawareofwhentheydrinktea---itshouldnotbedrunkalongwithmeals.Thisisbecauseanelementcontainedinteacaninterferewiththebody’sabsorptionofiron.
Tea,apopulardrinkinChinaandmanyothercountries,iscarefullypreparedaccordingtolocalcustoms.TheChineseputlooseteainteapots,addboilingwater,andserveitinteacups.ThestrongteafromChina’sFujianProvinceisdrunkintinycupsbeforedinner.Lighterteaswithjasmine,roseorotherflowers,arespecialtoChina’sChangjiangRiverregions.Theseareusuallyservedafterdinnertohelpdigestion.
InEnglandpeopleuseteabagsandmugs.ManyEnglishpeople,travellingawayfromhome,feelatalossiftheirfavouriteteabagsarenotavailable.AfternoonteainEnglandisstillatime-honouredtradition.It’sagoodopportunityforpeopletosocializeordiscussbusinessmatters,thoughnowmoreyoungpeoplepreferacola.
InJapan,ateaceremonyisoftenheldwhilepeoplearedrinkingtea.Theceremony,usuallyheldinateahouse,datesbacktothesixteenthcentury.Guestsfollowstrictrulessetupthenandtheteausedisapowderedgreentea.Thoughstillpractisedtoday,theteaceremonymaynotbeaspopularasitusedtobe.YoungJapanesetendtofavourotherdrinks.
4.Coffee
WhencoffeewasfirstintroducedinEuropeinthe1600s,therewasagreatdealofcontroversyaboutit.Manydoctorssaidthatcoffeewasastrongpoisonandshouldbeforbidden.Others,however,insisteditwasgoodtodrinkcoffee.Then,“coffeehouses”sprangupeverywhere.Today,coffeehasbecomeaglobaldrinkanditisconsumedbyonethirdoftheworld’spopulation.
Testsshowthatwhencoffeeisgiveninlargedosestoanimals,itcanactuallyactasapoison.Coffeecanalsoproducenegativeorevenpoisonouseffectsonsmallchildren.Butforadultswhodrinkitmoderately,itisbynomeansapoison.
Coffeecontainscaffeine.Mostpeoplebelievedthatitisthecaffeinethatproducesalltheeffectsthatcoffeehasonthebody.Ofcourse,theotherelementsincoffeehavearoletoplay.
Herearesomeofthethingsthathappenwhenpeopledrinkcoffee.Thesmellofcoffeeitselfproducesstimulatingeffectsinvariouspartsofthebody.Thebloodvessels(血管)inthebrainopenwidersothattheflowisimproved,andthisremovessomeofthepoisonoussubstancesfromthebrain.Coffeeincreasesthepulserate(脉搏),whichmeansitstimulatestheheart,andthemusclescanthusworkharder.Coffeemakesthestomachworkmoreactively,whichisworthwhileforhealthypeople,especiallywhendrunkafteraheavymeal.
Coffeeactuallyproducesdifferenteffectsonthebodyatdifferenttimesoftheday!
Themorningcoffee,forinstance,helpsthebodygetridofwasteproductsproducedduringthenight.Coffeeafterlunchhelpsdigestion.Afternooncoffeeactsonthemusclesandhelpsusfeellesstired.Andcoffeetakenintheeveningseemstostimulatethemindandtheimagination!
However,therealwaystwosidestoeverything.Caffeineisstimulating,soalotofpeopleavoiddrinkingcoffeeatnight,whichisthetimewhenpeoplewanttogotobedinsteadoffeelingstimulated.Furthermore,somepeoplegethookedoncoffeebecauseofthecaffeine,andthathasalwaysbeenconsiderednegative.
5.TheMexican(AdaptedfromTheMexicanJackLondon)
Riverawasdeterminedtohelphispeopleatthecostofhislife.hefoughtagainststrongerandtougherboxersintheringtomakemoneyforhispeople.Heoftenlostatthebeginning,buthegrewmoreexperienced.
Onedayhewasengagedinaverytoughfightagainstachampionboxer,Danny.Riveradidn’tmatchDannyinheight,weight,orskills.Andhewasnothalfaspopular.However,“Thewinnertakesall!
”AndRiverastubbornlyaskedforall---allhehadonhismindwasmakingthemoneyforhispeople.
Thefightwasgoingonandon.ThewholestadiumwascheeringforDanny;therewerefewonRivera’sside.However,Riverasurvivedonblowafteranother;hisexcellentdefencewasfrightening.
Dannyrushed,forcingRiveratogivehimaclinch.Wasitatrick?
Riverathoughttohimself.
Yes,itwas.ButRiverawassmartenoughtoavoidit.Hebackedandcircledaway.
HepretendedtoclinchwithDanny’snextrush.Instead,atthelastinstant,justastheirbodiesshouldhavecometogether,Riverawentquicklyback.Hehadfooledhim!
WhileRiverawasdancingaway,Dannykeptchallenginghimopenly.Havingrunafterhimfortworounds,Dannyfoundtheboynotevendaringtocomenearhim.Hestartedtothrowallcautiontothewinds.Riverawasstruckagainandagain.Hetookblowsbythedozen---justtoavoidthedeadlyclinch.
Intheseventeenthround,Rivera,blownheavily,bentdown.Hishandsdroppedhelplessly.Dannythoughtitwashischance---theboywasathismercy.Hedecidedtostrikethedeadlyblow.Butbeforehecoulddothat,Riveracaughthimoffhisguardandhithiminthemouth.Dannywentdown.Whenherose,Riveragavehimanotherblowontheneckandjaw.Herepeatedthisthreetimes.
Danny
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