高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题28及答案.docx
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高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题28及答案.docx
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高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题28及答案
2014高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题(28)及答案
阅读理解
Itisprettymuchaone-waystreet.Whileitmaybecommonforuniversityresearcherstotrytheirluckinthecommercialworld,thereisverylittletrafficintheoppositedirection.Payhasalwaysbeenthebiggestdeterrent,aspeoplewithfamiliesoftenfeeltheycannotaffordthedropinsalarywhenmovingtoauniversityjob.Forsomeindustrialscientists,however,theattractionsofacademia(学术界)outweighanyfinancialconsiderations.
HelenLeetooka70%cutinsalarywhenshemovedfromaseniorpostinAbbottLaboratoriestoamedicaldepartmentattheUniversityofCambridge.Hermainreasonforreturningtoacademiamid-careerwastotakeadvantageofthegreaterfreedomtochooseresearchquestions.Someareasofinquiryhavefewprospectsofacommercialreturn,andLee’sisoneofthem.
Theimpactofasalarycutisprobablylesssevereforascientistintheearlystagesofacareer.GuyGrant,nowaresearchassociateattheUnileverCentreforMolecularInformaticsattheUniversityofCambridge,spenttwoyearsworkingforapharmaceutical(制药的)companybeforereturningtouniversityasapost-doctoralresearcher.Hetooka30%salarycutbutfeltitworthwhileforthegreaterintellectualopportunities.
Higheruptheladder,whereapaycutisusuallymoresignificant,thedemandforscientistswithawealthofexperienceinindustryisforcinguniversitiestomakethetransition(转换)toacademiamoreattractive,accordingtoLee.Industrialscientiststendtoreceivetrainingthatacademicsdonot,suchashowtobuildamultidisciplinaryteam,managebudgetsandnegotiatecontracts.Theyarealsowellplacedtobringsomethingextratotheteachingsideofanacademicrolethatwillhelpstudentsgetajobwhentheygraduate,saysLee,perhapsexperienceinmanufacturingpracticeorproductdevelopment.“Onlyasmallnumberofundergraduateswillcontinueinanacademiccareer.Sosomeoneleavinguniversitywhoalreadyhastheskillsneededtoworkinanindustriallabhasfarmorepotentialinthejobmarketthansomeonewhohasspentalltheirtimeonanarrowresearchproject.”
12.By“aone-waystreet”(Line1,Para.1),theauthormeans________.
A.universityresearchersknowlittleaboutthecommercialworld
B.thereislittleexchangebetweenindustryandacademia
C.fewindustrialscientistswouldquittoworkinauniversity
D.fewuniversityprofessorsarewillingtodoindustrialresearch
13.WhatwasHelenLee’smajorconsiderationwhenshechangedherjobinthemiddleofhercareer?
A.Flexibleworkhours.B.Herresearchinterests.
C.Herpreferenceforthelifestyleoncampus.D.Prospectsofacademicaccomplishments.
14.GuyGrantchosetoworkasaresearcheratCambridgeinorderto________.
A.dofinanciallymorerewardingworkB.raisehisstatusintheacademicworld
C.enrichhisexperienceinmedicalresearchD.exploitbetterintellectualopportunities
15.Whatcontributioncanindustrialscientistsmakewhentheycometoteachinauniversity?
A.Increaseitsgraduates’competitivenessinthejobmarket.
B.Developitsstudents’potentialinresearch.
C.Helpittoobtainfinancialsupportfromindustry.
D.Gearitsresearchtowardspracticalapplications.
【参考答案】12—15、CBDA
阅读理解------E
(2013·重庆,E)
ItisidelyknownthatanyEnglishconversationbeginswithTheWeather.SuchafixationwiththeweatherfindsexpressioninDr.Johnson'sfamouscommentthat“WhentwoEnglishmeet,theirfirsttalkisofweather.”ThoughJohnson'sobservationisasaccuratenowasitwasovertwohundredyearsago,mostcommentatorsfailtocomeupwithaconvincingexplanationforthisEnglishweatherspeak.
BillBryson,forexample,concludesthat,astheEnglishweatherisnotatallexciting,theobsessionwithitcanhardlybeunderstood.Hearguesthat“Toanoutsider,themoststrikingthingabouttheEnglishweatheristhatthereisnotverymuchofit.”Simply,thereasonisthattheunusualandunpredictableweatherisalmostunknownintheBritishIsles.
JeremyPaxman,however,disagreeswithBryson,arguingthattheEnglishinterestisbynatureattractive.Brysoniswrong,hesays,becausetheEnglishpreferencefortheweatherhasnothingtodowiththenaturalphenomena.“Theinterestislessinthephenomenathemselves,butinuncertainty.”Accordingtohim,theweatherinEnglandisverychangeableanduncertainanditattractstheEnglishaswellastheoutsider.
BrysonandPaxmanstandforcommonmisconceptionsabouttheweatherspeakamongtheEnglish.Bothcommentators,somehow,aremissingthepoint.TheEnglishweatherconversationisnotreallyabouttheweatheratall.Englishweatherspeakisasystemofsigns,whichisdevelopedtohelpthespeakersovercomethenaturalreserveandactuallytalktoeachother.Everyoneknowsconversationsstartingwithweatherspeakarenotrequestsforweatherdata.Rather,theyareroutinegreetings,conversationstartersortheblank“fillers”.Inotherwords,Englishweatherspeakisameansofsocialbonding.
文章大意:
本文为议论文,上来点题:
英语对话往往从天气开始。
后面具体的介绍几个对此有不同理解的人以及他们的观点。
17.TheauthormentionsDr.Johnson'scommenttoshowthat________.
A.mostcommentatorsagreewithDr.Johnson.
B.Dr.Johnsonisfamousforhisweatherconversation
C.thecommentwasaccuratetwohundredyearsago
D.Englishconversationsusuallystartwiththeweather
答案:
D 文章第一句话提到:
众所周知,英语的对话往往从天气开始,然后举例说明,显然举例的目的就是表明英语的对话往往从天气开始,故D项正确。
18.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obsession”mostprobablyreferto?
A.Asocialtrend.
B.Anemotionalstate.
C.Ahistoricalconcept.
D.Anunknownphenomenon.
答案:
B 词意猜测题。
由语境可知,Bill认为因为英国天气一点也不令人兴奋,因此用它对话时表达出来的________难以理解。
兴奋应是与人的情感状态有关,故B项正确。
19.Accordingtothepassage,JeremyPaxmanbelievesthat________.
A.BillBrysonhaslittleknowledgeoftheweather
B.thereisnothingspecialabouttheEnglishweather
C.theEnglishweatherattractspeopletotheBritishIsles
D.Englishpeopletalkabouttheweatherforitsuncertainty
答案:
D 细节理解题。
由文章第三段信息Theinterestislessinthephenomenathemselves,butinuncertainty.可知D项正确。
20.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?
A.ToexplainwhatEnglishweatherspeakisabout.
B.ToanalysemisconceptionsabouttheEnglishweather.
C.TofindfaultwithbothBillBrysonandJeremyPaxman.
D.ToconvincepeoplethattheEnglishweatherischangeable.
答案:
A 主旨大意题。
文章主要讲述英语对话以天气开始的一些事情,故A项正确。
(六)A
(2013·重庆,A)
Themorninghadbeenadisaster.Mytoothwasaching,andI'dbeeninanargumentwithafriend.Herwordsstillhurt:
“Thetroublewithyouisthatyouwon'tputyourselfinmyplace.Can'tyouseethingsfrommypointofview?
”Ishookmyheadstubbornly—andfelttheacheinmytooth.I'dthoughtIcouldholdouttillmydentistcamebackfromholiday,butthepainwasreallyunbearable.Istartedcallingthedentistsinthephonebook,butnoonecouldseemeimmediately.Finally,ataboutlunchtime,Igotlucky.
“Ifyoucomebyrightnow,”thereceptionistsaid,“thedentistwillfityouin.”
Itookmypurseandkeysandrushedtomycar.ButsuddenlyIbegantodoubtaboutthedentist.Whatkindofdentistwouldbesoeagertotreatsomeoneatsuchshortnotice?
Whywasn'theasbusyastheothers?
Inthedentist'soffice,Isatdownandlookedaround.IsawnothingbutthebarewallsandIbecameevenmoreworried.Theassistantnoticedmynervousnessandplacedherwarmhandovermyicecoldone.
WhenItoldhermyfears,shelaughedandsaid,“Don'tworry.Thedentistisverygood.”
“HowlongdoIhavetowaitforhim?
”Iaskedimpatiently.
“Comeon,heiscoming.Justliedownandrelax.Andenjoytheartwork,”theassistantsaid.
“Theartwork?
”Iwaspuzzled.
Thechairwentback.SuddenlyIsmiled.Therewasabeautifulpicture,rightwhereIcouldenjoyit:
ontheceiling.Howconsideratethedentistwas!
Atthatmoment,Ibegantounderstandwhatmyfriendmeantbyherwords.
Whatarelief!
文章大意:
本文为一篇夹述夹议的文章,作者通过自己看牙医的一段经历,体会到了下面的道理,即:
要站在别人的角度上考虑问题。
1.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'sfeelingthatmorning?
A.Cheerful.B.Nervous.
C.SatisfiedD.Upset.
答案:
D 推理判断题。
由文章刚开头提到的“Themorninghadbeenadisaster”以及后面“牙痛,跟朋友的辩论又伤害了我”可知,我很沮丧,故D项正确。
2.Whatmadetheauthorbegintodoubtaboutthedentist?
A.Thedentist'sagreeingtotreatheratveryshortnotice.
B.Thedentist'sbeingasbusyastheotherdentists.
C.Thesurroundingsofthedentist'soffice.
D.Thelaughingassistantofthedentist.
答案:
A 细节理解题。
由文章第三段第三句话Whatkindofdentistwouldbesoeagertotreatsomeoneatsuchshortnotice?
可知,A项正确。
3.Whydidtheauthorsuddenlysmile?
A.Becausethedentistcameatlast.
B.Becauseshesawapictureontheceiling.
C.Becauseshecouldrelaxinthechair.
D.Becausetheassistantkeptcomfortingher.
答案:
B 细节理解题。
由文章倒数第二段信息SuddenlyIsmiled.Therewasabeautifulpicture,rightwhereIcouldenjoyit,ontheceiling.可知B项正确。
4.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromherexperiencemostprobably?
A.Strikewhiletheironishot.
B.Haveagoodwordforone'sfriend.
C.Putoneselfinother'sshoes.
D.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.
答案:
C 推理判断题。
A项表示“趁热打铁”;B项表示“对朋友说好话”;C项表示“站在别人的角度上考虑”;D项表示“患难朋友才是真朋友”。
由文章第一段朋友的话:
Thetroublewithyouisthatyouwon'tputyourselfatmyplace.Can'tyouseethingsfrommypointofview.以及文章倒数第二段Ibegantounderstandwhatmyfriendsmeantbyherwords.可知,作者从这段经历当中知道了:
要站在别人的角度上去考虑问题,故C项正确。
阅读理解---------C
Peoplebeingtestedforradiationexposure
ThecrisisatthedamagedFukushimaDai-IchiNuclearPowerStationinnorthernJapanhasraisedworriesaboutradiationrisks.WespokeTuesdaywithJonathanLinks,anexpertinradiationhealthsciences.HeisaprofessorattheJohnsHopkinsBloombergSchoolofPublicHealthinMaryland.
ProfessorLinkssaysworkerswithinthenuclearplantarethe
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