英语高考大题精做专题10完形填空说明文学生版.docx

英语高考大题精做专题10完形填空说明文学生版.docx

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英语高考大题精做专题10完形填空说明文学生版

2019年英语高考大题精做完形填空说明文

【2016·上海高考真题】

Inthe1960s,DouglasMcGregor,oneofthekeythinkersintheartofmanagement,developedthemowfamousTheoryXandTheoryY.TheoryXistheideathatpeopleinstinctively1workandwilldoanythingtoavoidit.TheoryYistheviewthateveryonehasthepotentialtofindsatisfactioninwork.

Inanycase,despitesomuchevidencetothe2,manymanagersstillagreetoTheoryX.Theybelieve,3,thattheiremployeesneedconstantsupervisioniftheyaretoworkeffectively,orthatdecisionsmustbeimposedfrom4withoutconsultation.This,ofcourse,makesforauthoritarian（专制的）managers.

Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysof5people.Unlikeauthoritarianmanagement,somecultures,particularlyinAsia,arewellknownfortheconsultativenatureofdecision-making—allmembersofthedepartmentorworkgroupareaskedto6tothisprocess.Thisismanagementbythecollectiveopinion.ManywesterncompanieshavetriedtoimitatesuchAsianwaysofdoingthings,whicharebasedongeneral7.Someexpertssaythatwomenwillbecomemoreeffectivemanagersthanmenbecausetheyhavethepowertoreachcommongoalsinawaythattraditional8managerscannot.

Arecenttrendhasbeentoencourageemployeestousetheirowninitiative,tomakedecisionsontheirownwithout9managersfirst.Thisempowerment（授权）hasbeenpartofthetrendtowardsdownsizing:

10thenumberofmanagementlayersincompanies.Afterde-layeringinthisway,acompanymaybe11withjustatoplevelofseniormanagers,front-linemanagersandemployeeswithdirectcontactwiththepublic.Empowermenttakestheideaofdelegation（委托）muchfurtherthanhas12beenthecase.Empowermentanddelegationmeannewformsofmanagementcontrolto13thattheoverallbusinessplanisbeingfollowed,andthatoperationsbecomemoreprofitableundertheneworganization,ratherthanless.

Anothertrendisoff-siteor14management,whereteamsofpeoplelinkedbye-mailandtheInternetworkonprojectsfromtheirownhouses.Projectmanagersevaluatethe15oftheteammembersintermsofwhattheyproduceforprojects,ratherthantheamountoftimetheyspendonthem.

1.A.desireB.seekC.loseD.dislike

2.A.contraryB.expectationC.degreeD.extreme

3.A.viceversaB.forexampleC.howeverD.otherwise

4.A.outsideB.insideC.belowD.above

5.A.replacingB.assessingC.managingD.encouraging

6.A.referB.contributeC.objectD.apply

7.A.agreementB.practiceC.electionD.impression

8.A.bossyB.experiencedC.westernD.male

9.A.askingB.trainingC.warningD.firing

10.A.doublingB.maintainingC.reducingD.estimating

11.A.honoredB.leftC.crowdedD.compared

12.A.economicallyB.traditionallyC.inadequatelyD.occasionally

13.A.denyB.admitC.assumeD.ensure

14.A.virtualB.ineffectiveC.day-to-dayD.on-the-scene

15.A.opinionB.riskC.performanceD.attractiveness

A

【2018年四川省德阳市高三一诊英语试题】

Iliveinaruralcommunity,differentfromacitybecausethereare　1　people.Myhomeisdeepinavalley　2　bymountainsthatarerocky.　3　manyfarmsarelocatedinruralareasbecausetheyrequirelargeplotsoflandtogrowfoodor　4　farmanimals,inmycommunitythemountainsand　5　soilmakeitdifficulttofarm.Thisisone　6　whyfewpeopleliveinmyarea. 

Sincewehavealotof　7　,wegettohavehorsesandchickens.Myfamily　8　eggsfromthechickensforbreakfast.Wealsoloseelectricityalotbecausethetreesfallonpowerlineswheneverthere’sa　9　.Inmycommunity,peoplekeepbattery-poweredflashlightsandoillampsstoredincasethelights　10　.Somepeoplealsouseamachinetogenerateselectricityfromgasoline—wheneverthereare　11　. 

Goingtoschoolinaruralareameanshavingfewerclassmatesand　12　longerdistances.Togettomyhighschool,Imustdrivefortymilestothe　13　city.ThismeansImustgetupmuchearlierthanmy　14　classmatesinordertobeontime.Theroadsinmycommunityaren’tpavedwithasphalt（沥青）either,soduringstormsthey　15　becometoomuddyorsnowytopass.Incitiesasnowplow（扫雪机）　16　quickly,butareaswherefewerpeoplelivearen’tthepriority（优先）,sodayscanpassbeforeasnowplow　17　theroad.SometimesImustmissschoolbecausestormsmakeit　18　todrive. 

Iamnotsure　19　ifIwanttoliveinthecountryorinthecitywhenIgrowup,whereitcanget　20　,althoughIdolovebeingaroundouranimals. 

1.A.fewB.manyC.fewerD.more

2.A.surroundedB.hiddenC.shadowedD.enriched

3.A.WhenB.WhileC.BecauseD.If

4.A.feedB.growC.trainD.house

5.A.richB.muddyC.rockyD.snowy

6.A.explanationB.causeC.excuseD.reason

7.A.spaceB.roomC.placeD.land

8.A.laysB.harvestsC.buysD.picks

9.A.stormB.thunderC.lightingD.shower

10.A.putoutB.wearoutC.runoutD.goout

11.A.dangersB.risksC.emergenciesD.incidents

12.A.walkingB.runningC.drivingD.traveling

13.A.nearbyB.distantC.nearestD.farthest

14.A.ruralB.cityC.oldD.new

15.A.canB.mayC.mustD.should

16.A.comesbyB.comesaboutC.comestoD.comesout

17.A.cleansB.digsC.clearsD.covers

18.A.likelyB.necessaryC.improperD.impossible

19.A.stillB.yetC.evenD.as

20.A.quietB.lonelyC.aloneD.busy

B

【江西省2018届高三毕业班新课程教学质量监测】TherearetoomanyfatpeopleinAmerica,somanyAmericansarefightingagainstoverweight.Butthe　21　thingisthattheFrench,whoconsumerichfood,　22__　tostaythin.Nowa　23　byCornellUniversitysuggests　24　lifestyleanddecisionsabout　25　mayaffectweight.ResearchersconcludedthattheFrenchtendtostopeatingwhentheyfeel　26　.However,Americanstendtostopwhentheir　27　areemptyortheirfavoriteTVshowisover. 

AccordingtoDr.JosephMercola,a　28　expert,theFrenchseeeating　29　animportantpartoftheirlifestyle.Theyenjoyfoodandthereforespenda　30　timeatthetable,whileAmericansseeeatingas　31　tobesqueezedbetweentheotherdailyactivities.MercolabelievesAmericans　32　theabilitytosensewhentheyareactuallyfull.SotheykeepeatinglongaftertheFrenchwouldhave　33　.Inaddition,hepointsoutthatAmericansdrivetohugesupermarketstobuycannedand　34　foodsfortheweek.TheFrench,　35　tendtoshopdaily,walkingtosmallshopsandfarmers’marketswheretheyhavea　36　offreshfruits,vegetables,andeggsaswellashigh-qualitymeatsforeachmeal. 

AfteravisittotheUnitedStates,MireilleGuiliano,authorofFrenchWomenDon’tGetFat,decidedto　37__　abouttheimportanceofknowingwhentostopratherthansuggestinghowtoavoid　38　.Todayshecontinuestostayslimandrarelygoestothegym. 

Inspiteofallthesedifferences,evidenceshowsthatrecentlifestyle　39　maybeaffectingFrencheatinghabits.Todaytherateofobesity（肥胖）—orextremeoverweight—amongadultsisonly6%.However,asAmericanfastfoodgains　40　andtheyoungrejectoldertraditions,theobesityrateamongFrenchchildrenhasreached17%—andisgrowing. 

21.A.presentB.naturalC.strangeD.modern

22.A.continueB.moveC.tryD.expand

23.A.researchB.novelC.bookD.newspaper

24.A.thatB.whatC.howD.when

25.A.workingB.livingC.studyingD.eating

26.A.sensitiveB.sadC.happyD.full

27.A.pocketsB.refrigeratorsC.housesD.plates

28.A.educationB.healthC.literatureD.speech

29.A.intoB.asC.insideD.to

30.A.fairlylongB.fairlyshortC.veryexcitingD.ratherfast

31.A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing

32.A.getB.bringC.loseD.receive

33.A.keptB.enjoyedC.wentD.stopped

34.A.hotB.coolC.warmD.frozen

35.A.thereforeB.insteadC.howeverD.merely

36.A.choiceB.messageC.orderD.number

37.A.writeB.readC.speakD.think

38.A.fruitB.foodC.oilD.egg

39.A.examplesB.traditionsC.changesD.stories

40.A.failureB.successC.acceptanceD.rejection

C

【上海市建平中学2017届高三上学期期中考试】TheTerm“CYBERSPACE”wascoinedbyWilliamGibson,ascience-fictionwriter.Hefirstuseditinashortstoryin1982,andexpandedonitacoupleofyearslaterinanovelNeuromancer.His41creationturnedouttoberemarkablyprescient（有先见之明）.Cyberspacehasbecomeshorthandforthecomputingdevices,networks,fiber-opticcables,andwirelesslinksthatbringtheinternettobillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.The42madebythesetechnologieshavebroughttremendousbenefitstoeveryonewhousesthewebto43humanity’scollectivestoreofknowledgeeveryday.

Butthereisadarkersidetothisextraordinaryinvention.Data44arebecomingeverbiggerandmorecommon.Lastyearover800mrecordswerelost,mainlythroughattacks.Amongthemostprominentrecent45__hasbeenTarget,whosechiefexecutivestooddownfromhisjobinMay,afewmonthsafterthegiantretailer46__thatonlineintrudershadstolenmillionsofdigitalrecordsaboutitscustomers,includingcredit-cardanddebit-carddetails.

Thepotentialdamage,though,extendswellbeyondsuch47intrusion.Wider48havebeenraisedbytherealizationofagrowingnumbersofcyber-warriorsbeingrecruitedbycountriesthatseecyberspaceasanewterritoryofwarfare.America’spresident,BarackObama,saidinaWhiteHousepressreleasethatcyber-threats“49oneofthegravestnational-securitydangers”thecountryisfacing.

Securingcyberspaceishardbecausethearchitectureoftheinternetwasdesignedtopromoteconnectivity,not___50.Itsfoundersfocusedongettingittoworkanddidnot51threatsbecause