学位英语真题与答案.docx
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学位英语真题与答案.docx
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学位英语真题与答案
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试
2011.11.05
PartIReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:
Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Passage1
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
ThereflectivetowersofNewYorkCity,whichisontheAtlanticmigrating(迁徙的)route,can
bedeadlyforbirds.“Weliveinanageofglass,”saidMs.Laurel,anarchitect.(76)“Itcanbea
perfectmirrorincertainlights,andthelargertheglass,themoredangerousitis.”About90,000
birdsarekilledbyflyingintobuildingsinthecityeachyear.Often,theystrikethelowerlevelsofglasstowersaftersearchingforfoodinnearbyparks.Suchcrashesarethesecond-leadingcauseofdeathformigratingbirds,afterhabitat(栖息地)loss,withanestimatednumberofdeathranginguptoabillionayear.
(77)Asglassofficeandapartmenttowershaveincreasedinthelastdecade,so,toohavecallstomakethemlessdeadlytobirds.SanFranciscoadoptedbird-safetystandardsfornewbuildingsinJuly.TheUnitedStatesGreenBuildingCouncil,anonprofitindustrygroupthatencouragesthecreationofenvironmentallyconsciousbuildings,willintroduceabird-safetycreditthisfallaspart
ofitsenvironmentalcertificationprocess.
Therearenoeasyfixes,however.Afewresearchersareexploringglassdesignsthatuse
ultraviolet(紫外线的)signals,buttheyarestillintheirinfancy.Covers,dotpatterns,shadesandnetsarethemainoptionsavailable.
Often,onlyonesectionofabuildingneedstobechanged."Youdon'tnecessarilyhavetotreateverywindow,"Ms.Laurelsaid."Itwouldbetooexpensivetodothewholebuilding."TheJacobICJavitsConventionCenter,whichhasbeenundergoingalterations,isthemostrecentbuildingtovoluntarilycorrecttheproblemofbirdcrashes.Thearchitectsusedlessreflectiveglassanddotpatterns.
1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.NewYorkisacityofglasstowers.
B.Glasstowersaredangerousformigratingbirds.
C.NewYorkadoptednewsafetystandardsforbuildings.
D.GlasstowersareanewtrendintheUnitedStates.
2.Whatisthenumberonecauseofdeathformigratingbirds?
A.Climatechange.B.Habitatloss.
C.Lackoffood.D.Crashingintobuildings.
3.Whatdoestheword“fixes”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?
A.Choices.B.Explanations.
C.Solutions.D.Developments.
4.areusedinthealterationoftheJacobK.JavitsConventionCenter.
A.DotpatternsB.Shades
C.NetsD.Covers
5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Inmanycases,thewholebuildingneedstobealteredtopreventbirdcrashes.
B.TheJacobK.JavitsConventionCenteristhefirstbuildingtodealwiththeproblemofbirdcrashes.
C.About90,000birdsarekilledduetohabitatlossinNewYorkCityeachyear.
D.Unfortunately,glassdesignsthatuseultravioletsignalsarestillintheirearlystages.
Passage2
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Today'sstudentshavegrownuphearingmoreaboutBillGatesthanF.D.R.,andtheyliveinaworldwhereamazinginnovations(革新)arecommon.Thecurrent18-year-olds,afterall,were8whenGooglewasfoundedbytwostudentsatStanford;MarkZuckerbergfoundedFacebookin
2004whilehewasatHarvardandtheywereenteringhighschool.Havinggrownupdigital(数字
的),theyareimpatienttogetonwithlife.
Theeasiestwayto
fredkidsliketheseistocheckinonentrepreneurship(企业家才能
)
education,inwhichcollegesanduniversitiestrytopreparetheirstudentstorecognizeopportunities
andseizethem.
A
reportpublished
lastyearbytheKauffman
Foundation,whichfinancesprograms
to
promote
innovationon
campuses,notedthatmorethan5,000entrepreneurshipprogramsare
offeredontwo-andfour-yearcampuses-upfromjust
250coursesin1985.LesaMitchell,
a
Kauffmanvicepresident,saysthatthefoundationisextendingthereachofitsacademicinfluence,
whichusedtobefoundonlyinbusinessschools.Now,theconceptofentrepreneurshipisblooming
inengineeringprogramsandmedicalschools,andevenintheliberalarts.“Ourinterestisinalltheprograms,”shesays.“Weneedtospreadoutfromthebusinessschool.”
Eitherasclassprojectsorontheirown_,studentsinavarietyofmajorsarecomingupwithideas,writingbusinessplansandseeingthemthroughtoprototypeand,often,market.Intheirsparetime,studentsinagriculturaleconomicsatPurdueinventnewusesforbean;industrialdesignmajorsatSyracuse,inaspeciallaboratory,createwearabletechnologies.
(78)Theentrepreneurshipmovementhasitscritics'especiallyamongthosewhoseecollegeasatimeforextensiveacademicexploration.“Ijustdon'tthinkthatentrepreneurshiprankssohighintermsofnational:
need,”saysDanielS.Greenberg,authorofScienceforSale:
ThePerils,RewardsandDelusionsofCampusCapitalism.
LeonardA.Schlesinger,BabsonCollege'spresident,saysthatthequestionofwhetherinnovationcanreallybetaughtis“anage-oldargument.”
6.WhenGoogleandFacebookwereestablished,thefounderswerestill__________.
A.inhighschoolB.inthearmyC.inprimaryschoolD.atcollege
7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainpurposeofentrepreneurshipeducation?
A.Topreparestudentsforfutureacademiclife.
B.Topreparestudentstofredoppommitiesandseizethem.
C.Topreparestudentsforoverseascareer.
D.Topreparestudentstodevelopinterpersonalskills.
8.Theword“prototype”inthefourthparagraphismostlikelytomean__________
A.modelB.strategyC.methodD.stage
9.WhatdoesDanielS.Greenbergthinkofentrepreneurshipeducation?
A.Entrepreneurship,oratleastcertainelementsofit,canbetaught.
B.Anentrepreneurshipprogramcanhelpstudentsfindwhattheyreallylikeandentrepreneurshipisn'tallaboutbusiness.
C.Entrepreneurshipshouldbespreadacrossdifferentfields.
D.Collegesshouldn'tputtoomuchemphasisonentrepreneurshipprograms.
10.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Entrepreneurshipcoursesinbusinessschools.
B.Qualitiesofanentrepreneur.
C.Entrepreneurshipeducationincolleges.
D.Kidsintheinformationage.
Passage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Regretisascommonanemotionasloveorfear,anditcanbenearlyaspowerful.So,inanew
paper,tworesearcherssetabouttryingtofindoutwhatthetypicalAmericanregretsmost.Intelephonesurveys,NealRoese,apsychologistandprofessorofmarketingattheSchool
ofmanagementatNorthwesternUniverSity,andMikeMorrison,adoctoralcandidateinpsychology
atUniversityofIllinois,asked370Americans,aged19to103,totalkabouttheirmostnotable
regret.Participantswereaskedwhattheregretwas,whenithappened,whetheritwasaresultofsomethingtheydidordidn'tdo,andwhetheritwassomethingthatcouldstillbefixed.
Themostcommonlymentionedregretsinvolvedromance(浪漫的事)(18%)——lostlovesorunfulfilledrelationships.Familyregretscameinsecond(16%),withpeoplestillfeelingbadlyabout
beingunkindtotheirbrothersorsistersinchildhood.Otherfrequentlyreportedregretsinvolvedcareer(13%),education(12%),money(10%)andparenting(9%).
RoeseandMorrison'sstudy,whichistobepublishedinSocialPsychologicalandPersonalityScience,issignificantinthatitsurveyedawiderangeoftheAmericanpublic,includingpeopleof
allagesandsocio-economicandeducationalbackgrounds.Previousstudiesonregrethavefocusedlargelyoncollegestudents,whopredictablytendtohaveeducation-focusedregrets,likewishingtheyhadstudiedharderoradifferentmajor.Thenewsurveyshowsthatinthelargerpopulation,aperson's"lifecircumstancesaccomplishments,shortcomings,situationinlife-injectconsiderablefuelintothefiresofregret,"theauthorswrite.
(79)Peoplewithlesseducation,forinstance,weremorelikelytoreporteducationregrets.Peoplewithhigherlevelsofeducationhadthemostcareerregrets.Andthosewithnoromantic
parmertendedtoholdregretsregardinglove.
Brokendown(分解、细分)bysex,morewomen(44%)thanmen(19%)hadregretsaboutlove
andfamilynotsurprising,sincewomen"valuesocialrelationshipsmorethanmen,"theauthorswrite.Incontrast,men(34%)weremorelikelythanwomen(27%)tomentionwork-relatedregrets,wishingthey'dchosenadifferentcareerpath,forinstance,orfollowedtheirpassion.(80)Manyparticipantsalsoreportedwishingtheyhadworkedlesstospendmoretimewiththeirchildren.
Therewasanevensplitbetweenregretsaboutinaction(notdoingsomething)andaction
(doingsomethingyouwishyoudidn't).But,likepreviousstudies,thecurrentresearchfoundthatsomeregretsaremorelikelythanotherstopersistovertime:
peopletendtohangonlongertothe
regretofinaction;meanwhile,regretsofactiontendtobemorerecent.
11.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthorshows__________.
A.theresearchers'findingsB.theimportanceoffamilyC.theimportanceofmoneyD.theimportanceofcareer
12.Accordingtothepassage,collegestudentparticipantsmainlyhadregretsabouttheir__________.
A.familyandchildhoodB.studyandmajorC.careerandjobD.romanceandfear
13.Theword"notable"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto__________.
A.commonB.capable
C.wonderfulD.remarkable
14.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A.Thelesseducationheorshehas,themoreregretssheorh
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