高考英语考前精刷卷含新题有解析专题二十二新闻时事类.docx
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高考英语考前精刷卷含新题有解析专题二十二新闻时事类.docx
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高考英语考前精刷卷含新题有解析专题二十二新闻时事类
专题二十二 新闻时事类
A
限时12分钟
ArobotcalledBina48hassuccessfullytakenacourseinthephilosophyofloveatNotreDamedeNamurUniversity(NDNU),inCalifornia.
AccordingtothecourseinstructorWilliamBarry,associateprofessoratNDNU,Bina48istheworld'sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,afeathedescribedas“remarkable”.Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gaveapresentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution.
Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry'sclassesforseveralyears.OnedaywhenaddressingBarry'sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogotocollege,whichwasenthusiasticallysupportedbyBarryandhisstudents.RatherthanenrollBina48inhisRobotEthics:
PhilosophyofEmergingTechnologiescourse,BarrysuggestedthatBina48shouldtakehiscoursePhilosophyofLoveinstead.“LoveisaconceptBina48doesn'tunderstand,”saidBarry.ThereforethechallengewouldbeforBarryandhisstudentstoteachBina48whatloveis.
“Someinterestingthingshappenedintheclass,”saidBarry.“HesaidthathisstudentsthoughtitwouldbestraightforwardtoteachBina48aboutlove,which,afterall,is‘fairlysimple—it'safeeling,’”saidBarry.Buttherealitywasdifferent.“Bina48endeduplearning‘31differentversionsoflove,’”saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture.
Bina48participatedinclassdiscussionsviaSkypeandalsotookpartinaclassdebateaboutloveandconflictwithstudentsfromWestPoint.Bina48'scontributiontothedebatewasfilmedandpostedonYouTube.ItwasjudgedthatBina48andNDNUclassmateswerethewinnersofthisdebate.
Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely.
1.WhatwasBina48'sperformancelikeinclass?
A.Extraordinary.B.Insignificant.
C.Farreaching.D.Unattractive.
答案:
A 推理判断题。
根据第二段中的“Bina48istheworld'sfirstsociallyadvancedrobot...inadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution”可知,Bina48在课堂上参与讨论,与伙伴一起作报告,参与辩论,其表现被描绘成“卓越的”。
因此推断它的表现是非凡的。
故选A。
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing”inParagraph3probablymean?
A.Dealingwith.B.Consultingwith.
C.Givingaspeechto.D.Sendingaletterto.
答案:
C 词义猜测题。
根据第三段第一句“Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry'sclassesforseveralyears.”可知,在做学生之前,Bina48在Barry的课堂上担任特邀演讲人好几年,因此推断它经常演讲,故画线词所在句句意:
一天当Bina48在Barry的课堂上演讲时,它表达了想要上大学的愿望,Barry和他的学生热情地支持它的这个愿望。
故画线词词义与C项“作演讲”意义相近。
故选C。
3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.ItwasinterestingforBina48tolearnaboutlove.
B.ItwasquitetoughforBina48tolearnaboutlove.
C.Artificialintelligencemaysomehowbesuperiortoman.
D.Humanscanlaunchachallengetoartificialintelligence.
答案:
C 推理判断题。
根据第四段最后一句“Bina48endeduplearning‘31differentversionsoflove,’saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture.”可知,Bina48最终学习了31种不同版本的爱,这突出显示了人类未来可能会面临人工智能的挑战。
因此推断人工智能或许在某种程度上比人类高级。
故选C。
4.WhatdoesBarrythinkofthefuturedevelopmentofBina48?
A.Itwillsurelybeabletoserveasateacher.
B.Itwillbeabletopromotelearningandteaching.
C.Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofinstructors.
D.Itwillbesmartenoughtocontrolhumanbeings.
答案:
B 推理判断题。
根据最后一段的内容可知,Barry认为未来Bina48可能会变得足够复杂,可以教授课程,他预计机器人将被更好地用于教学和学习,而不是完全取代教师。
因此推断他认为Bina48在未来能够促进学习和教学。
故选B。
B
限时8分钟
LONDON(Reuters)—Organicfruit,deliveredrighttothedoorstep.ThatiswhatGabrielGoldprefers,andheiswillingtopayforit.Ifthisisnotpossible,the26yearoldcomputertechnicianwillspendtheextramoneyatthesupermarkettobuyorganicfood.
“Organicproduceisalwaysbetter,”Goldsaid.“Thefoodisfreeofpesticides(农药),andyouaregenerallysupportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms.Andmoreoftenthannot,itislocallygrownandseasonal,soitismoretasty.”Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintothe_organic_trend,_andsupermarketsacrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness.Buthowmanyshoppersreallyknowwhattheyaregetting,andwhyaretheywillingtopayahigherpricefororganicproduce?
MarketresearchshowsthatGoldandotherswhobuyorganicfoodcangenerallygiveclearreasonsfortheirpreferences—buttheirknowledgeoforganicfoodisfarfromcomplete.Forexample,smallamountsofpesticidescanbeusedonorganicproducts.AndaboutthreequartersoforganicfoodinBritainisnotlocalbutimportedtomeetgrowingdemand.“Thedemandfororganicfoodisincreasingbyaboutonethirdeveryyear,soitisaveryfastgrowingmarket,”saidSueFlock,aspecialistinthislineofbusiness.
5.MoreandmorepeopleinBritainarebuyingorganicfoodbecause________.
A.theyconsiderthefoodfreeofpollution
B.theycangetthefoodanywhere
C.theyaregettingricher
D.theylikehomegrownfruit
答案:
A 推理判断题。
根据第二段开头Gold所说的“Organicproduceisalwaysbetter,...seasonal,soitismoretasty.”可知,有机农产品总是更好的,这种食物中没有农药,而Gold代表了现在英国人购买有机农产品的趋势。
所以我们能判断出越来越多的英国人买有机农产品是因为他们认为这种农产品没有污染。
6.WhatcanweknowaboutmostorganicproducesoldinBritain?
A.Itgrowsindoorsallyearround.
B.Itisgrownonfamilyfarms.
C.ItisproducedoutsideBritain.
D.Itisproducedonlargefarms.
答案:
C 细节理解题。
根据文章第二段倒数第二句可知,英国市场上销售的约3/4的有机农产品不是在英国本地生产的,故选C。
7.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords“theorganictrend”inParagraph2?
A.Higherpricesoforganicfood.
B.Betterqualityoforganicfood.
C.Risingmarketoforganicfood.
D.Growinginterestinorganicfood.
答案:
D 推理判断题。
根据第二段第四句中的“Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintothe_organic_trend”中的“agrowingnumberof”可推知,“theorganictrend”的意思是对有机农产品越来越浓厚的兴趣,故选D。
C
限时7分钟
AmanisinaseriousconditionafterbeingbittenbyasharkinnorthernNSW.The52yearoldEvansHeadman,namedinmediareportsasCraigIson,isundergoingsurgeryaftersufferinginjuriestohislegsandhandswhenthesharkattackedhimataround6amonFriday.
DetectiveInspectorCameronLindsaytoldreportersinBallinathequickthinkingofanothersurferandbeachwalkerswhostemmedtheflowofbloodmayhavesavedIson'slife.
Twosurfersinitiallyhelpedhim,usingtowelsandtourniquetsuntilemergencyservicesarrivedatthebeach.
LindsaysaidIsonspottedthesharkinthewaterandwarnedtheothersurfers.
AsthegrouptriedtopaddleawayfromtheanimalitthenattackedIson,hesaid.
“Heactuallyfoughtofftheshark,we'retold,andhasmadeittotheshorewiththehelpoftheothersurfers,”hesaid.
IsonwasthentransportedtoLismorehospitalinanambulancedrivenbyapoliceofficerasparamedicsfranticallyworkedonhimintheback.
Thebeach,southofBallina,isnotpatrolledinwinterandwouldremainclosed,aSurfLifeSavingNSWspokeswomansaid.
LocalresidentBartEasdownsaysinthepastweeklocalshavereportedmanysightingsoffourmetreandfivemetresharksnearBallinaandLennoxHead.Buthesaysnothingwillstopsurfers.“I'mnotquitethatbrave,butthey(localsurfers)are,andtheyjustlovedoingit,”MrEasdowntoldreporters.“Themajorityofpeoplesaytheywillbebackinthewaterandthatthereisalwayssomethinglooming.”
OnSundaybeachesaroundBallinawereclosedaftertwosharkswerespottedoffthecoast,aSurfLifeSavingNSWspokeswomansaid.EarlierthismonthabodyboarderwasmauledbyasharkatBallina'sLighthouseBeach,sufferingseriousinjuriestohislowerlegs.InFebruary,alargegreatwhitesharktorethelegsoff41yearoldsurfer,TadashiNakaharaa,inafatalattackatneighbouringShellyBeach.OnSundayamanwaskilledbyasharkwhiledivingforscallopswithhisdaughternearMariaIsland,offTasmania'seastcoast.
8.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthat________.
A.Isonwassenttothenearesthospitalbysurfers
B.othersurfershadaneasyescapefromtheshark
C.theattackhappenedduringsurfingatnoon
D.theshark'sattackleftIsonseriouslyhurt
答案:
D 细节理解题。
根据第一段第一句可知,艾森遭到鲨鱼攻击后受伤严重。
9.AccordingtoBartEasdown,weknowthat________.
A.therearereportedsightingsofsharks
B.sharksappearinlargenumbersnearBallina
C.localsarebraveenoughtosurfwithsharks
D.therearenotenoughguardsnearBallinaandLennoxHead
答案:
A 细节理解题。
根据倒数第二段首句可知,在过去的一周里,有鲨鱼出没的报道。
10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?
A.Whysharksattacked.
B.Examplesofrecentattacks.
C.Whatcausedsharkstoattack.
D.Whendifferentattackshappened.
答案:
B 段落大意题。
最后一段列举了近来鲨鱼攻击人的实例。
11.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?
A.Todescribeseriousdivingaccidents.
B.Toremindsurfersofsafetyissues.
C.Toreportasurfer'smisfortune.
D.Tocallpeople'sattentiontosharks.
答案:
C 推理判断题。
本文是一篇新闻报道,文章主要报道了一位冲浪者被鲨鱼攻击的不幸遭遇。
D
限时7分钟
Lovetosinkintoyourchairsandrelaxwhenyougettoschool?
Thenyouwillnotbehappytohearthatschoolsallovertheworldareseriouslyconsideringexchangingtraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsatall—Yes,thatmeansyouwillbeencouragedtostandthroughthosealreadytoolongmathandsciencelessons!
Whywouldanyoneeventhinkofputtingkidstosuchcruelty?
Expertssayitimprovestheirhealthandhelpsfightobesity.Whilethatmayseemalittlefarfetched(牵强的)theofficialsatthefewschoolsaroundtheworldseemtoagree.
AmongthemareeducatorsfromtheCollegeStationIndependentSchoolDistrictinTexas,whorecentlycompletedaweeklongexperimentinvolving480studentsacrossthreeelementaryschools.The374kidsthatagreedtoparti
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