高考英语考前冲刺精选书面表达基本句式及常见句型.docx
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高考英语考前冲刺精选书面表达基本句式及常见句型.docx
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高考英语考前冲刺精选书面表达基本句式及常见句型
2019高考英语考前冲刺精选-书面表达基本句式及常见句型
学生掌握英语的五大基本句式及基本句型结构,以便他们在写作中能写出合乎语法的句子并且能有一些高级句型的使用,使其文章连贯通顺符合英语的表达习惯,能够取得理想的分数。
在高考英语试卷中,书面表达为30分,占了整个试卷分值的五分之一,所以,这部分对于英语来说至关重要。
但是在我们的日常教学中,书面表达的教学往往为教师和学生们所忽略,大家往往把大量的时间用于提高一卷的成绩。
真正到了考试时,学生们往往写不出一句正确的句子,更谈不到应用高级句式,造成书面表达得分过低,从而影响了整个英语学科的得分。
这就要求在日常的教学中,必须让学生掌握英语的五大基本句式及基本句型结构,以便他们在写作中能写出合乎语法的句子并且能有一些高级句型的使用,使其文章连贯通顺符合英语的表达习惯,能够取得理想的分数。
【一】书面表达的五种基本句式
1.S+V+P(主+系动词+表).常见的系动词有:
be,seem,appear,become,go,ge,tgrow,turn,look,sound,fee,ltaste,smell例如:
Heisamathsteacher.他是一位数学老师。
2.S+V.i+(A)(主+不及物动词+(状))例如:
Thetrainleavesat7:
00.火车七点离站。
3.S+V.t+O(主+及物动词+宾)例如:
Thebossemployedfivemoreworkers.老板又多雇了五个人。
4.S+V.t+Oi+Od(主+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)有些动词需要接两个宾语。
间接宾语一般由人充当,直接宾语一般由物充当。
常见的能接双宾语的动词有:
give,offer,teach,tel,lread,ask,bring,pass,lend,return,write,throw,allow,send,cos,tmake,buy,do,ge,tsave,cook,sing,find等。
例如:
Whosentyouthecomputer?
谁送你的电脑?
5.S+V.t+O+Oc(主+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语)例如:
Thevillagersdidntallowthemtodothis.村民们不允许他们做这件事。
巩固练习:
用括号内所给的基本句型将以下句子译成汉语,需要的话可加上适当的修饰语。
1.你的故事听起来很有趣。
(主+系+表)2.我妹妹是在农村长大的。
(主+谓)
3.他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规那么。
(主+谓+宾)4.顺便问一下,他把钱付给你了吗?
(主+谓+间宾+直宾)5.他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净。
(主+谓+宾+宾补)Keys:
1.Yourstorysoundsinteresting.2.Mysistergrewupinthecountryside.
3.Hebroketrafficrulesbecausehedrovetoofas.t
4.Bytheway,hashepaidyouthemoney?
5.Healwayskeepshisbedroomtidy.
【二】书面表达常见句型
1.Therebe句型及其扩展形式,表示存在。
常用的动词有stand,exis,lierun等。
There可用地点状语替换。
例如:
Infrontofthehousestandsatree.房前耸立着一颗树。
练习:
今天晚上将有一场报告。
Keys:
Therewillbealecturetonight
2.强调句型(结构:
Itis/was+被强调部分+that/指人时可用who代替)
例如:
ItwasfromthisincidentthatIfeltthehappinesstohelpothers.就是从这件事我感到了帮助别人的快乐。
练习:
就是这次活动让我了解了保护环境有多么的重要。
Keys:
Itwasthisactivitythatmademeknowhowimportanttoprotecttheenvironmen.t
3.tooto/soasto/enoughtodo/sothat/suchthat表示结果。
例如:
Theproblemwassodifficultthatnoneofuscouldworkitout
这道题如此的难以至于没有人做出来。
练习:
去年这个地区雨水很少,以至于村民们不得不从河里抽水。
Keys:
Therewassolittlerainlastyearthatthevillagershadtopumpwaterfromtheriver.
4.notuntil/Notuntil/Itwasnotuntilthat例如:
Hedidnotrealizehewaswronguntilthen.Notuntilthendidherealizehewaswrong.
Itwasnotuntilthenthatherealizedhewaswrong.
直到那时他才意识到他错了。
练习:
直到他的父母来了,我们才回家。
Keys:
Wedidnotgohomeuntilhisparentscame.5.Hardlywhen/Nosoonerthan刚一就例如:
Hardlyhadwearrivedhomewhenitbegantorain.我们刚一到家天就开始下雨了。
练习:
我们刚到河边就听见有人喊救命。
Keys:
Hardlyhadwearrivedattheriverwhenweheardcallsforhelp.
6.with复合结构
基本构成模式:
(1)with+宾语+介词短语
(2)with+宾语+形容词(3)with+宾语+副词(4)with+宾语+分词结构(5)with+宾语+不定式结构
例如:
Thegirllookedbeautifulwithanewskirton.小女孩穿着新裙子很漂亮。
Withsomanycarsrunningontheroad,theenvironmentgotworse.路上有如此多的车环境日益变坏。
Withalllightson,theroomwasverybright因为所有的灯都亮着屋子里很明亮。
练习:
(1)老师走进了教室,手里拿着一本书。
(2)他的爷爷走了,留下他在那儿一个人画画。
(3)有许多家务活要做,对不起我不能帮你学英语了。
(4)把答案抄完之后,他交上了卷子。
(5)会议结束了,校学生会做出了一个决定。
(6)开着窗户,一只小鸟飞了进来。
Keys:
(1)Theteachercamein,withabookinhishand.
(2)Hergrandfatherlef,twithXiaoHuadrawingalone.
(3)Withalotofhomeworktodo,ImsorryIcanthelpyouwithEnglish.
(4)Withalltheanswerscopied,hehandedinhispaper.
(5)Withthemeetingover,theStudentsUnionmadeadecision.
(6)Withthewindowopen,abirdflewin.
实用资料:
英语作文书面表达常用句型及短语
1、学校生活及学习成绩Begettingonwellwithone'sstudytakeseveralcoursesatschoolhaveEnglish(Chinese,Physics…)every(other)dayworkhardat…putone'sheartinto…beinterestedin…befondoflikechemistrybestbegoodat…;bepoorat…;dowellin…;beweakin…makeprogressin…;failin…betiredof…passtheexamination;givesb.apassinggrade;majorinhistory主修历史Hehasthebestrecordinschool.他的成绩最棒。
getadoctor'sdegree获得博士学位bemoreinterestingtosb.learnabout;succeedin…;beactiveinclass(work);takeanactivepartin…;learn…byheart;workouta(maths)problem;improveoneselfin…;get90marksfor(English);getan“A”intheexam;haveagoodcommandof…layagoodfoundationin(languagestudy)
2.师生关系getonwellwithsb;liketobewithstudents;begentlewithus;bekindtosb;beastrictteacher;bestrictwithone'spupils;bestrictinworkWethinkofhim(her)as…;helpsbwithsth;praisesbforsth…;blamesbforsth..giveadviceon…;questionsbon…besatisfiedwith…correctthestudents'homeworkcarefullyandprepareforthenextday;givesbalotofwork;trytoteachsbgoodstudyhabits;makeone'slessonslivelyandinteresting;teachsb.sth.;teachsbtodosth.devoteallone'stimetowork;admire(sb.for)hisdevotiontothecauseofeducation佩服他对于教育事业的献身精神。
3.课余活动及周末生活spendone'stimeinmanydifferentways;enjoydoingthingsbyoneself;goswimming;goforanouting;haveanoutingat(theseashore);seethesightsofBeijing;playthepiano(violin);playchess(basketball);haveaswim;havedancesonweekends;haveapicnicovertheweekend;gotothecinema;haveaparty;holdasportsmeeting;dosomereading;helpsbdosth;enjoyafamilytrip;geteverythingreadyfor;rideone'sbikewithsb.to(thepark);Therearealotofactivitiesat(the.Weenjoyachangefromourbusylifeinthecity.Shewouldliketobring
beach)sth.tothepicnic.ItwasaveryrelaxingSunday.TherearegoodprogramsonTVonweekends.
4.彼此沟通信息takeamessageforsb;sendamessagetosb;hearfromsb;talkabout/ofsth;tellsbtodosth;getinformationabout…;expressone'sidea(feelings)inEnglish;Writesbalettersaying…;apologizetosbfor…;thankyoufor…;makeaspeechtatthemeeting;explainsthtos;lookuponsbas…;thinksbtobe…;takesb'sside5.事件中人的态度wouldliketodo;allowsbtodo;keepsbfromdoing(preventsb.fromdoing);callonsbtodo;beafraidtodo(beafraidof…);feelikedoing;insistondoing;drivesb.off;speakhighlyofsb;speakillofsb;thinkhighlyofsb;forcesbtodo;offertodo;refusetodo;agreetodo;regretdoing;prefertodoAratherthandoB;hadbetterdo;wouldrather(not)do.
6.事情过程havethehabitofdoing…;havenotroubledoing;makeupone'smindtodo;preparesbfor…;giveupdoing…;dosthasusual;dowhathewantsustodo;setaboutdoing;tryone'sbesttodo…=goallouttodo;getintotrouble;helpsbout;doone'sbitforNewChina;waitforsbtodo;findawaytodo;makefriendswithsb;show(tell)sb.howtodo…;take/sendsbto…I'mtryingtofind…;I'mafraidweareoutof…;passthetimedoing;feelalittleexcitedaboutdoing…;can'thelpdoing…;dosomegooddeedstopeople;bepreparedformorehardwork;SomearedoingA,othersaredoingB,andstillothersaredoingC.
7.感观活动与思维活动lookaroundfor…;lookup(down)at…;catchsightof…;takealookat…;hearsbdo(doing);takenoticeof…;takeviewof…;haveagoodunderstandingof…;considersb(sth)tobe…;cometoknow…;realizethat…;knowthat+从句
8.情感与欲望bepleasedwith…;bedelightedindoing…;takeapleasureindoing;beworriedabout;feelsurprisedat…besorryfor…;beangrywithsbforsth;beangryabout…(为某事生气);lookforwardtodoing…;wishtodo;expecttodo;longfor(longtodo);besickforone'shome;haveastrongdesiretodo…;
9.健康状况及治疗beingoodshape;beingood(poor)health;feelweak(well,terrible,sick);havegotahigh(slight)fever;haveaslight(bad)cold;takeone'stemperature;havegotapainin…;begood(bad)forone'shealth(eyes);It'snothingserious.stayinbeduntil…;saveone'slife
10.其它It(take)sb.sometimetodo…;Itissaidthat…;befitfor;beshortof;bewelldressed;missthelecture(train);change…into…;wastetimedoing;spendtimedoing;bebusydoing;havenochoicebuttodo;Ican'thelpit.beinneedof…;bemistakenabout…;fallbehind…;catchupwith;onbehalfof;insteadof;bewelcometodo…;Running,bikingandswimmingarepopularinsummer.Skiingandskatingaremyfavoritewintersports.
英语写作中的常用句型汇总
第一部分 常用于引言段的句型的2类表达方式
【一】议论文常用句型
1. Itisafactthat….
2. Itiswell-knownthat….
3. Thereisnodoubtthat….
4. Ithinkthat….
5. Contrarytothepopularthought,Iprefer….
6. Somepeoplesay/believe/claimthat….
7. Itisgenerallybelievedthat….
8. Itiswidelyacceptedthat….
9. Itisargued/heldthat….
10. Whileitiscommonlybelievedthat…,Ibelieve….
11. Itcanbeconcludedthat….
12. People’sviewsvaryfrompersontoperson.
【二】图表作文常用句型
1.Thetable/diagram/barchart/piegraph/treediagram/curvegraph/columnchartshows/illustrates/reveals/describes/depicts/reflectsthat/how….
2. Thegraphprovidessomeinterestingdataregarding….
3. Thedata/statistics/figurescanbeinterpretedasfollows:
4. Thedata/statistics/figuresleadustotheconclusionthat….
5. Asisshown/demonstrated/exhibitedinthediagram/graph/chart/table,….
6. Itisclear/apparentfromthetable/chart/diagram/figuresthat….
7. Thevertical/horizontalaxisstandsfor….
8.Therewasrapid/noticeable/great/sharp/steep/remarkable/slow/little/slight/gradualrise/increase/decrease/fall/decline/drop/changeindevelopmentin….
9. Thepercentageremainedsteady/stableat….
10. Thefiguresstayedthesame….
11. Thefiguresbottomedout/peakedat….
12. Thefiguresreachedthebottom/apeak/aplateauduring….
第二部分 常用于正文段的句型的4类表达方式
【一】A、B型作文段落常用句型和表达方式
1.Aiscompletely/totally/entirelydifferentfromB.
2.AandBaredifferentinsome/everyway/respect/aspect.
3.AandBdifferin….
4.AdiffersfromBin….
5.ThedifferencebetweenAandBis/liesin/existsin….
6.Comparedwith/Incontrastto/UnlikeA,B….
7.A…,ontheotherhand,/incontrast,/while/whereasB….
8.WhileitisgenerallybelievedthatA…,IbelieveB….
9.Despitetheirsimilarities,AandBarealsodifferent.
10.BothAandB….However,A…;ontheotherhand,B….
11.ThemoststrikingdifferenceisthatA…,whileB….
【二】原因分析性段落常用的句型和表达方式
1、Thereareseveralreasonsfor…,butingeneral,theycomedowntothreemajorones.
2、Therearemanyfactorsthatmayaccountfor…,butthefollowingarethemosttypicalones.
3、Manywayscancontributetosolvingthisproblem,butthefollowingonesmaybemosteffective.
4、Generally,theadvantagescanbelistedasfollows.
5、Thereasonsareasfollows.
【三】因果推理性段落常用句型和表达方式
1.Because/Sincewereadthebook,wehavelearnedalot.
2.Ifwereadthebook,wewouldlearnalot.
3.Wereadthebook;asaresult/therefore/thus/hence/consequently/forthisreason/becauseofthis,we’velearnedalot.
4.Asaresultof/Becauseof/Dueto/Owingtoreadingthebook,we’velearnedalot.
5.Thecauseof/reasonfor/overweightiseatingtoomuch.
6.Overweightiscausedby/dueto/becauseofeatingtoomuch.
7.Theeffect/consequence/resultofeatingtoomuchisoverweight.
8.Eatingtoomuchcauses/resultsin/leadstooverweight.
【四】举例型段落常用句型和表达方式
1.Hereisonemoreexample.
2.Take…forexample.
3.Thesameistrueof….
4.Thisoffersatypicalinstanceof….
5.Wemayquoteacommonexampleof….
6.Justthinkof….
第三部分 常用于结尾段的句型的3类表达方式
【一】对全文进行归纳总结的句型
1、Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat….
2、Takingintoaccountallthefactors,wemaysafelycometotheconclusionthat….
3、Judgingfromalltheevidenceoffered,wemaysafelyarriveat/reachtheconclusionthat….
4、Alltheevidencesupportsasoundconclusionthat…
5、Fromwhatismentionedabove,wemaycometotheconclusionthat…
6、Tosumup/drawaconclusion,wefindthat….
7、Inshort/brief/aword/c
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