CONVENTION ON THE INTERNATIONAL RECOVERY OF CHILD SUPPORT.docx

CONVENTION ON THE INTERNATIONAL RECOVERY OF CHILD SUPPORT.docx

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CONVENTIONONTHEINTERNATIONALRECOVERYOFCHILDSUPPORT

CONVENTIONONTHEINTERNATIONALRECOVERYOFCHILDSUPPORT

ANDOTHERFORMSOFFAMILYMAINTENANCE

（Concluded 23November 2007） 

[textasadoptedon23November2007byStatesthattookpartintheTwenty-FirstSessionoftheHagueConference,which iscurrentlybeingcorrected,aswellastheannexedforms, forfinalpublication]

TheStatessignatorytothepresentConvention,

Desiringtoimproveco-operationamongStatesfortheinternationalrecoveryofchildsupportandotherformsoffamilymaintenance,

Awareoftheneedforprocedureswhichproduceresultsandareaccessible,prompt,efficient,cost-effective,responsive,andfair,

WishingtobuilduponthebestfeaturesofexistingHagueConventionsandotherinternationalinstruments,inparticulartheUnitedNationsConventionontheRecoveryAbroadofMaintenanceof20June1956,

Seekingtotakeadvantageofadvancesintechnologiesandtocreateaflexiblesystemwhichcancontinuetoevolveasneedschangeandfurtheradvancesintechnologycreatenewopportunities,

Recallingthat,inaccordancewithArticles3and27oftheUnitedNationsConventionontheRightsoftheChildof20November1989,

–inallactionsconcerningchildrenthebestinterestsofthechildshallbeaprimaryconsideration,

–everychildhasarighttoastandardoflivingadequateforthechild’sphysical,mental,spiritualandsocialdevelopment,

–theparent（s）orothersresponsibleforthechildhavetheprimaryresponsibilitytosecure,withintheirabilitiesandfinancialcapacities,theconditionsoflivingnecessaryforthechild’sdevelopment,and

–Statesshouldtakeallappropriatemeasures,includingtheconclusionofinternationalagreements,tosecuretherecoveryofmaintenanceforthechildfromtheparent（s）orotherresponsiblepersons,inparticularwheresuchpersonsliveinaStatedifferentfromthatofthechild,

HaveresolvedtoconcludethisConventionandhaveagreeduponthefollowingprovisions–

CHAPTERI–OBJECT,SCOPEANDDEFINITIONS

Article1 Object

TheobjectofthepresentConventionistoensuretheeffectiveinternationalrecoveryofchildsupportandotherformsoffamilymaintenanceinparticularby–

a） establishingacomprehensivesystemofco-operationbetweentheauthoritiesoftheContractingStates;

b） makingavailableapplicationsfortheestablishmentofmaintenancedecisions;

c） providingfortherecognitionandenforcementofmaintenancedecisions;and

d） requiringeffectivemeasuresforthepromptenforcementofmaintenancedecisions.

Article2 Scope

1. ThisConventionshallapply–

a） tomaintenanceobligationsarisingfromaparent-childrelationshiptowardsapersonundertheageof21;

b） torecognitionandenforcementorenforcementofadecisionforspousalsupportwhentheapplicationismadewithaclaimwithinthescopeofsub-paragrapha）;and

c） withtheexceptionofChaptersIIandIII,tospousalsupport.

2. AContractingStatemayreserve,inaccordancewithArticle62,therighttolimittheapplicationoftheConventionundersub-paragraph1a）,topersonswhohavenotattainedtheageof18.AContractingStatewhichmakesthisreservationshallnotbeentitledtoclaimtheapplicationofthisConventiontopersonsoftheageexcludedbyitsreservation.

3. AnyContractingStatemaydeclareinaccordancewithArticle63thatitwillextendtheapplicationofthewholeoranypartoftheConventiontoanymaintenanceobligationarisingfromafamilyrelationship,parentage,marriageoraffinity,includinginparticularobligationsinrespectofvulnerablepersons.AnysuchdeclarationshallgiverisetoobligationsbetweentwoContractingStatesonlyinsofarastheirdeclarationscoverthesamemaintenanceobligationsandpartsoftheConvention.

4. TheprovisionsofthisConventionshallapplytochildrenregardlessofthemaritalstatusoftheparents.

Article3 Definitions

ForthepurposesofthisConvention–

a） "creditor"meansanindividualtowhommaintenanceisowedorisallegedtobeowed;

b） "debtor"meansanindividualwhoowesorwhoisallegedtoowemaintenance;

c） "legalassistance"meanstheassistancenecessarytoenableapplicantstoknowandasserttheirrightsandtoensurethatapplicationsarefullyandeffectivelydealtwithintherequestedState.Themeansofprovidingsuchassistancemayincludeasnecessarylegaladvice,assistanceinbringingacasebeforeanauthority,legalrepresentationandexemptionfromcostsofproceedings;

d） "agreementinwriting"meansanagreementrecordedinanymediumtheinformationcontainedinwhichisaccessiblesoastobeusableforsubsequentreference;

e） "maintenancearrangement"meansanagreementinwritingrelatingtothepaymentofmaintenancewhich–

 i） hasbeenformallydrawnuporregisteredasanauthenticinstrumentbyacompetentauthority;or

 ii） hasbeenauthenticatedby,orconcluded,registeredorfiledwithacompetentauthority,

andmaybethesubjectofreviewandmodificationbyacompetentauthority;

f） "vulnerableperson"meansapersonwho,byreasonofanimpairmentorinsufficiencyofhisorherphysicalormentalfaculties,isnotabletosupporthimorherself.

CHAPTERII–ADMINISTRATIVECO-OPERATION

Article4 DesignationofCentralAuthorities

1. AContractingStateshalldesignateaCentralAuthoritytodischargethedutiesthatareimposedbytheConventiononsuchanauthority.

2. FederalStates,StateswithmorethanonesystemoflaworStateshavingautonomousterritorialunitsshallbefreetoappointmorethanoneCentralAuthorityandshallspecifytheterritorialorpersonalextentoftheirfunctions.WhereaStatehasappointedmorethanoneCentralAuthority,itshalldesignatetheCentralAuthoritytowhichanycommunicationmaybeaddressedfortransmissiontotheappropriateCentralAuthoritywithinthatState.

3. ThedesignationoftheCentralAuthorityorCentralAuthorities,theircontactdetails,andwhereappropriatetheextentoftheirfunctionsasspecifiedinparagraph2,shallbecommunicatedbyaContractingStatetothePermanentBureauoftheHagueConferenceonPrivateInternationalLawatthetimewhentheinstrumentofratificationoraccessionisdepositedorwhenadeclarationissubmittedinaccordancewithArticle61.ContractingStatesshallpromptlyinformthePermanentBureauofanychanges.

Article5 GeneralfunctionsofCentralAuthorities

CentralAuthoritiesshall–

a） co-operatewitheachotherandpromoteco-operationamongstthecompetentauthoritiesintheirStatestoachievethepurposesoftheConvention;

b） seekasfaraspossiblesolutionstodifficultieswhichariseintheapplicationoftheConvention.

Article6 SpecificfunctionsofCentralAuthorities

1. CentralAuthoritiesshallprovideassistanceinrelationtoapplicationsunderChapterIII.Inparticulartheyshall–

a） transmitandreceivesuchapplications;

b） initiate,orfacilitatetheinstitutionof,proceedingsinrespectofsuchapplications.

2. Inrelationtosuchapplicationstheyshalltakeallappropriatemeasures–

a） wherethecircumstancesrequire,toprovideorfacilitatetheprovisionoflegalassistance;

b） tohelplocatethedebtororthecreditor;

c） tohelpobtainrelevantinformationconcerningtheincomeand,ifnecessary,otherfinancialcircumstancesofthedebtororcreditor,includingthelocationofassets;

d） toencourageamicablesolutionswithaviewtoobtainingvoluntarypaymentofmaintenance,wheresuitablebyuseofmediation,conciliationorsimilarprocesses;

e） tofacilitatetheongoingenforcementofmaintenancedecisionsincludinganyarrears;

f） tofacilitatethecollectionandexpeditioustransferofmaintenancepayments;

g） tofacilitatetheobtainingofdocumentaryorotherevidence;

h） toprovideassistanceinestablishingparentagewherenecessaryfortherecoveryofmaintenance;

i） toinitiateorfacilitatetheinstitutionofproceedingstoobtainanynecessaryprovisionalmeasuresthatareterritorialinnatureandthepurposeofwhichistosecuretheoutcomeofapendingmaintenanceapplication;

j） tofacilitateserviceofdocuments.

3. ThefunctionsoftheCentralAuthorityunderthisArticlemay,totheextentpermittedunderthelawofthatState,beperformedbypublicbodies,orotherbodiessubjecttothesupervisionofthecompetentauthoritiesofthatState.ThedesignationofanysuchpublicbodiesorotherbodiesaswellastheircontactdetailsandtheextentoftheirfunctionsshallbecommunicatedbyaContractingStatetothePermanentBureauoftheHagueConferenceonPrivateInternationalLaw.ContractingStatesshallpromptlyinformthePermanentBureauofanychanges.

4. NothinginthisArticleorArticle7shallbeinterpretedasimposinganobligationonaCentralAuthoritytoexercisepowersthatcanbeexercisedonlybyjudicialauthoritiesunderthelawoftherequestedState.

Article7 Requestsforspecificmeasures

1. ACentralAuthoritymaymakearequest,supportedbyreasons,toanotherCentralAuthoritytotakeappropriatespecificmeasuresunderArticle6

（2）b）,c）,g）,h）,i）andj）whennoapplicationunderArticle10ispending.TherequestedCentralAuthorityshalltakesuchmeasuresasareappropriateifsatisfiedthattheyarenecessarytoassistapotentialapplicantinmakinganapplicationunderArticle10orindeterminingwhethersuchanapplicationshouldbeinitiated.

2. ACentralAuthoritymayalsotakespecificmeasuresontherequestofanotherCentralAuthorityinrelationtoacasehavinganinternationalelementconcerningtherecoveryofmaintenancependingintherequestingState.

Article8 CentralAuthoritycosts

1.