新版八年级上册语法知识点讲解及练习.docx
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新版八年级上册语法知识点讲解及练习.docx
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新版八年级上册语法知识点讲解及练习
新版八年级上册语法知识点讲解及练习
形容词,副词的比较级、最高级
一、规则变化1.一般在词尾直接加er或est,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest
2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,nice-nicer-nicest
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,big-bigger-biggest
注:
大,红,湿,热,悲,瘦,胖.双写末辅再变级.(big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat)
5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful注:
表示否定意义在其前加less/leastimportant----lessimportant----leastimportant
EnglishismoreinterestingthanChinese=ChineseislessinterestingthanEnglish.
6.由“形容词+ly”构成的副词,在其前加more/mostslowly---moreslowly----mostslowly;但early—earlier---earliest
二、不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
old
old/elder
old/eldest
bad/badly/ill
worse
worst
far
farther(距离)/further(程度)
farthest/furthest
下列单、双音节词只能加more和most
like(想似的)
morelike
mostlike
real(真的)
morereal
mostreal
tired
moretired
mosttired
pleased
morepleased
mostpleased
often
moreoften
mostoften
注:
形容词,副词同形有:
back,high,well,fast,early,late,straight
Ⅳ形容词,副词等级的用法
一、原级的用法
1.只能修饰原级的词very,quite,so,tooHeistootiredtowalkon.MybrotherrunssofastthatIcan’tfollowhim.
2.原级常用的句型结构
(1)A=B-----A+as+adj/adv的原级+as+B表示“A和B一样”TomisasoldasKate.TomrunsasfastasMike.
(2)A<B---A+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B表示“A不如B…”
Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.Hedoesn’twalkasslowlyasyou.
二、比较级的用法
1.可以修饰比较级的词.much,alot,far,…的多alittle,abit,…一点儿even甚至,still仍然
LessonOneismucheasierthanLessonTwo.Tomlooksevenyoungerthanbefore.
2.比较级常用的句型结构“甲+形容词/副词的比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”
TomistallerthanKate.Igotupearlierthanmymotherthismorning.
三.最高级的用法
1).结构:
the+最高级+of+人或物(in+地点HeisthetallestofalltheboysHeworkshardestinhisclass.
注:
副词的最高级前the可省掉
2).the+序数词+形容词的最高级+单数名词TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.
3).oneof+the+形容词的最高级+复数名词Heisoneoftheclevereststudentsinourclass.
4).“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲,乙,or丙?
”用于三者以上的比较。
Whichseasondoyoulike(the)best,spring,summerorautumn?
四.级别的转换
1).原级与比较级的转换a).倍数+as…as→(倍数-1)+比较级+than
Thisroomisfivetimesasbigasthatone=Thisroomis______biggerthanthatone.
b).notas…as与比较级的转换A+notas…as+B→A+比较级(反义词的比较级)+than+B→B+比较级+than+A
MaryisnotasoldasTom.=Maryis__________Tom.=Tomis_________Mary.
Thisbookisnotasexpensiveasthatone=Thisbookis_________thanthatone=Thatbookis___________thanthisone.
2).比较级与最高级的转换a).the+最高级+of/in……
b).比较级+than+anyother+单数名词
+theother+复数名词
+anyoneelse
+anyoftheother+复名
c).Nobodyelse+比较级+than……
Tomisthetallestboyinourclass.Tomistallerthan________boyinourclass.
Tomistallerthan_________inourclass.__________istallerthanTominourclass.
五.级别的惯用法
1.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
Heisgettingtallerandtaller.
2.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。
Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyou’llmake.
3.“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。
(ofthetwins/parents…)
Lookatthetwoboys.Mybrotheristhetallerofthetwo.
4.当adj的最高级前有物主代词,名词所有格,指示代词时,不用the.Thisismybestbookofall.
5.相比较的前后两部分必须是同类比较.Mypencilislongerthan______(you).
6.比较时不能与自身相比
注:
当相比较的两者属于同一范围/类别时,为了与自身相比较,要用anyother+单数名词.若两者不属于同一范围/类别时,不必用other,直接用any+单数名词.
Heistallerthan_____boyinhisclass.Heistallerthan_____boyinourclass.A.anyB.anyother
7.有些含有比较级的句子里,常用that(单数、不可数名词)、those(复数名词)代替前面提到的词,以避免重复。
TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthan____inGuangzhouinwinter.Theboysinourclassaremorethan__inyourclass.
配套练习1.Heis_________(short)thanyou.Thatistosay,youare_________(tall)thanheis.
2.Yourun____________(slowly)thanhe,soheruns___________(fast)thanyou.
3.Yourhairis___________(short)thanhis,sohishairis__________(long)thanyours.
4.Jackis__________(strong)thanIandIam__________(weak)thanhe.
5.Mymothergetsup__________(early)thanmyfather,somyfathergetsup___________(late)thanmymother.
6.Myauntis__________(heavy)thanmyuncle,somyuncleis_________(thin)thanmyaunt.
7.Ourmathteacherseldomsmiles.Helooks____________(serious)thananyoneelse.
8.Mygrannyisverytalkative.Sheis______________(outgoing)thanmygrandpa.
9.LuLuis__________(good)atphysicsthanhertwinbrother.
10.Bothmygrandpaandgrandmaareeightyyearsold,butmygrandmais____________(athletic).
11.Whohas___________(many)books,GraceorPeter?
12.DoyouthinkAliceis_______________(friendly)thananyothergirlinclass?
13.Itwascoldyesterday,butitismuch_____________(cold)today.
14.Takethemedicinetwiceaday.Youwillbe_____________(well)tomorrow.
15.Whois___________(clever)thanyouinyourclass?
16.Thephysicsproblemis_____________(difficult)thanthatmathproblem.Ican’tworkitout.
17.Georgeis____________(popular)thananyotherstudentinmyclass.
18.Samismuch__________(old)thanJim.,butSamlooks____________(young)thanJim.
19.Mybookismuch_______(interesting)thanyours.20.Thisstoryismuch_______________(funny)thanthatone.
21.Thisshirtisordinary,butitiseven__________________(expensive)thanthecoat.
22.Tinalooksalittle_________________(healthy)thanSally.
23.Shehasalittle__________(many)storybooksthanI,butmystorybooksaremuch__________(good)thanhers.
24.Jackisalmostas____________(tall)ashiseldersister.
25.Thisbookisas______________(interesting)asthatone.Ienjoyreadingbothofthetwobooks.
26.Dr.Leedoesn’tworkas_________________(carefully)asDr.Smith.
27.Youarequite_____________(strong),butDanismuch____________(strong)thanyou.
28.Timis_____________thanTom.ButKayis_______________ofall.(young)
29.HisEnglishis_____________thanmine,buthisbrother’sEnglishis______________ofus.(good)
30.Sydneyis_______________thanLondon,whilePairsis______________ofthesethreecities.(beautiful)
31.Mymotheroftentellsmefunnystories.Myfather’sstoriesare____________thanmymother’s.
Butmygrandparents’storiesare________________ofall.(funny)
32.UncleMartinhasmuchmoney.Mr.Blackhas___________moneythanhedoes,butTomLeehas______________moneyofthem.(much)33.Thiskindofcakeis_____________________(delicious)ofallthesefivekindsofcakes.
34.Canyoucometoschool________________(early)tomorrow?
35.Thisshirtis_____________one(nice)ofthetwo.
()1.Mykiteflies______thanyoursinthesky.A.veryhighB.veryhigherC.muchhighD.muchhigher
()2.Whichis______,themoonorthesun?
A.bigB.biggerC.morebigD.biggest
()3.Whichsubjectdoyouthinkis_________,English,mathorChinese?
A.difficultB.moredifficultC.mostdifficultD.themostdifficult
()4.Myfamilyislargerthan_______.A.youB.yourC.hisD.her
()5.Theythinkpickingapples_____much______thanhavingclasses.A.is;betterB.are;betterC.is;goodD.are;good
()6.Ayoungmanusuallysleepsmorethananoldman______.A.doB.sleepC.doesD.is
()7.--Whatisshelike?
--She’s_______moreoutgoingthanhersister.A.someB.asC.soD.alittle
()8.Hehasshorterhair_______Billdoes.A.asB.sameC.ofD.than
()9.Mybikeisnewerthan________.A.heB.himC.herD.hers
()10.Tinadancesas_______asSally.AndSallyisas________asTinaatsinging.
A.good;goodB.well;goodC.better;betterD.better;best
()11.Amyisas_______asEmilyatwriting.AndEmilywritesas_________asAmy.
A.careful;carefulB.carefully;carefullyC.careful;carefullyD.carefully;careful
()12.Yourschoolbagisthesame___________mine.A.likesB.likeC.thanD.as
()13.TheYangtzeRiverislongerthan__________riverinChina.A.anyB.otherC.theotherD.anyother
()14.TheYangtzeRiverislongerthan__________riversinChina.A.anyB.otherC.theotherD.anyother
()15.--Whichofthetwogirlsis____________?
--Theshortoneismoreathleticthan__________?
A.moreathletic;anotherB.athletic;otherC.moreathletic;theotherD.athletic;others
()16.LucyandLilyaretwins,sotheylook__________.A.sameB.thesameC.thedifferentD.likes
()17.Hehas___________friendsthanIdo.A.muchmoreB.manymoreC.verymoreD.toomore
()18.His________sisteristwoyears_______thanheis.A.older;olderB.elder;elderC.elder;olderD.older;elder
19.--InEnglishstudy,readingismoreimportantthanspeaking,Ithink.--Idisagree.Ithinkspeakingis___________reading.
A.notasimportantasB.asimportantasC.moreimportanttheD.thesameimportantas
()20.The__________sheeats,thefattershebecomes.A.muchB.moreC.manyDmost
感叹句
一、结构:
What/How+被感叹的部分+主语+谓语!
Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!
二、变法:
一断,二加,三调位。
一断表示在谓语动词的后面断开,二加表示在断开的两部分中间加what或how,三调位表示前后两部分对调位置。
Theyhadagoodtimeyesterday.一断:
Theyhad/agoodtimeyesterday.
二加:
Theyhad(what)agoodtimeyesterday.三调位:
Whatagoodtimetheyhadyesterday.
三、what引导的感叹句:
1.what+a/an+adj+单数名词(+主语+谓语)!
_______acleverboyheis!
2.what+adj+复数名词(+主语+谓语)!
_______heavyboxestheyare!
3.what+adj+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!
_______badweather!
四、how引导的感叹句:
1.How+adj/adv+主语+谓语!
_________hardtheyareworking!
2.How+adj+a/an+单数名词(+主语+谓语)!
Howtallaboyheis!
3.How+adj/adv+the+名词+谓语!
________heavilytherainisfalling!
五、what与how引导的感叹句之间的转换:
1.Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!
=______
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