大学英语四级模拟试题9.docx
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大学英语四级模拟试题9.docx
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大学英语四级模拟试题9
大学英语四级模拟试题(9)
Directions:
Therearefourreadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions.ForeachquestiontherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheonebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil.
Passage1
Howdoyousendamessagetoasubmergedsubmarine,particularlyonecarryingmiWatermaynotlooklikeabarriertocommunications,butappearancesaredeceiving.Waterstronglyabsorbsallelectromagneticwavesexceptbluegreenlightandextremelylowfrequencyradiowaves.Theverylowfrequencywavesnowusedtocontractsubmarinespenetratesonlyashortdistanceintotheocean,sothecraftmusteithersurfaceorsendupandantenna(天线)toreceivemessages,therebyincreasingitsweakness.Alasersystem---accurateoverlongdistancesandcapableofcarryingmoredatathantheverylowfrequencywaves---wouldtalktosubmarineattheirnormaldepths.
Inthesystem,averybroadbeamspreadingoutfreelyinalldirectionswouldbescanned(扫描)overthousandsofsquaremilesofoceansothatitwouldn'tendangerboats,birdsorfish——orthesubmarinesitissupposedtoreach.
Sinceonlyasmallfractionofthelasersystemwillmakeitswaythroughtheairandocean,receiversmountedonthesubmarinesmustbeablenotonlytodetectthelaserbutalsotodiscriminatebetweenitandsunlight.So,militaryscientistsarenowworkinghardonspecialfilterthatallowthroughonlytheprecisewavelengthsemittedbythelaser.Thefilteredlight,whentransformedintoelectricalsignal,canthenbedecoded.Militaryplannersareconfidentthatlasercommunicationwithsubmarinesisfeasible.
1.Whichofthefollowingdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
A.Missilescarriedbysubmergedsubmarines.
B.Messagessentbysubmergedsubmarines.
C.Blue-greenlasersusedbysubmergedsubmarines.
D.Thewaytosendamessagetosubmergedsubmarines.
2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Waterisabarriertoradiocommunication.
B.Lasershavefoundwideapplicationinsubmarinecommunication.
C.Waterabsorbsallkindsofelectromagneticwaves.
D.Verylowfrequencyradiowavescannotbeusedtocontactsubmarines.
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofalasersystem?
A.Itisabletomakeitswaythroughwater.
B.Itisabletocommunicatewithsubmarinesatwork.
C.Itsbeamreachesasubmergedsubmarinewiththehelpofanantenna.
D.Itisabletocarrymoredatathanlowfrequencywaves.
4.Thereferenceword“it”(Sentence1,para.3)refersto.
A.theair
B.thelaserbeam
C.theocean
D.thesubmarine
5.Whowouldbeverymuchinterestedinthepassage?
A.Missilebuilders
B.Militaryscientists
C.Fishermen
D.Shipbuilder
Passage2
TheWestbeguntotakemorenoticeoftheEast.Thefifthvolumeofanenormousworkre-assessingtheChinesecontributiontoscienceandtechnologyistobepublishednextyear.Thefirstvolume,whichwaspublishedtwentyyearsago,setthetoneforthewholework.Init,evidencewasgiventoshowthatmanyinventionswhich,untilthen,westernhistorianshadclaimedforEurope,weremadefirstinChina.Theattempttorewritetheintellectualhistoryoftheworldwasnotreceivedwithoutprotestbysomereputablehistorians.However,theevidencethathasbeenpresentedsofarinthefirstfourvolumeshaspersuadedmanyhistorianswhowereskepticalatfirst.China'sinventionofpaper,printing,themagneticcompassandgunpowderhasneverbeendisputed,butthisnewhistoryhasaddedadvancedbridgedesign,mechanicalclocks,paddleboatsandmanyotherinventionstothelist.
InthefourvolumespublishedsofarnoattempthasbeenmadetoexplainwhyChinahasnotkeptupwiththeWestinscienceandtechnologyinmoderntimes.ItisprobablethattheansweristobefoundinthesocialandeconomichistoryofChina,whereastaticsocietyunderarelativelybenevolentregimeofscholar-gentrycontrastswiththepotentiallyrevolutionaryanddynamicsocietyoftheWestattheendoftheMiddleAges.Inrecentyears,theChinesegovernmenthasbeenmakingeveryefforttocatchupwiththeWestagain,andthereislittledoubtthatthegapisbeingreducedyearbyyear.ButwillChinaavoidtheWest'smistakes?
6.Sofar,howmanyvolumeshavebeenpublished?
A.Five.
B.Four.
C.Three.
D.None.
7.Thefirstvolumewaspublished.
A.tenyearsago
B.lastyear
C.fiveyearsago
D.twentyyearsago
8.InLine7,theword“skeptical"means.
A.doubtful
B.worried
C.sad
D.angry
9.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthepassage?
A.Gunpowder.
B.Needle.
C.Paddleboats.
D.Bridgedesign.
10.Thebesttitleforthispassageis.
A.China'sInventions
B.ComparisonsBetweentheEastandtheWest
C.ChinaIsCatchingUp
D.SituationsinChina
Passage3
WithinfifteenyearsBritainandothernationsshouldbewellonwiththebuildingofhugeindustrialcomplexesfortherecyclingofwaste.Thewordrubbishcouldloseitsmeaningbecauseeverythingwhichgoesintothedustbinwouldbemadeintosomethinguseful.Eventhemostdangerousandunpleasantwasteswouldprovideenergyifnothingelse.
ThenewconceptofrecyclingwasteistakingshapeattheBritishtechnologicallaboratoryatWarrenSpring,notfarfromthenorthofLondon.Today,thelaboratoryspendsfourtimesasmuchmoneyinstudyingrecyclingasitdidfiveyearsago.
Thelatestprojectistotakeacityofaroundhalfamillioninhabitantsanddiscoverexactlywhatrawmaterialsgointoitandwhatgoout.Theaimistofindouthowmuchoftheserawmaterialscouldbeprovidedifaplantforrecyclingwastewerebuiltjustoutsidethecity.Thisplantwouldrecyclenotonlymetalsuchassteel,leadandcopper,butalsopaperandrubberaswell.Methodshavebeendiscovered,forexample,forremovingtheinkfromnewsprintsothatthepapercanbeusedagain,andforobtainingvaluableoilsandgasesfromoldmotorcartypes.Alltheseideasarealreadybeingmadeuseof,butwhatisnewistheideaofcombiningthemonsuchalargescaleinasingleplantdesignedtorecyclemosttypesofwaste.
Anothernewprojectisbeingsetuptodiscoverthebestwaysofsortingandseparatingtherubbish.Whenthisprojectiscomplete,therubbishwillbeprocessedlikethis:
first,itwillpassthroughsharpmetalspikeswhichwilltearopentheplasticbagsinwhichrubbishisusuallypacked;thenitwillpassthroughapowerfulfantoseparatethelightestelementsfromtheheavysolids;afterthatcrushersandrollerswillbreakupeverythingthatcanbebrokenfinally,andtherubbishwillpassundermagnets,whichwillremovethebitsofironandsteel;finelytherubberandplasticwillthenbesortedoutinthefinalstage.
Thefirstfull-scalegiantrecyclingplantsare,perhaps,fifteenyearsaway.Butinsomebigindustrialareas,whererubbishhasbeendumpedforsolongthattherearenoholeslefttofillupwithrubbish,thesenewautomaticrecyclingplantsmaybebuiltsooner.Indeed,withthegrowingcostoftransportingrubbishtomoredistantdumps,somebigcitieswillbeforcedtobuildtheirownrecyclingplantsbeforelong.
11.ProjectsforrecyclingwasteinBritain.
A.willnotbestartedforatleastfifteenyears
B.arebeingdevelopedalloverBritain
C.havenotyetbeenfullytested
D.havebeenabandonedbecausetheyaretooexpensive
12.Thepurposeofthelatestrecyclingprojectis
A.topreventpeoplefromputtingrubbishintoholes
B.tofindawayofdestroyingallkindsofwaste
C.toextractusefulrawmaterialsfromthewaste
D.tofindouthowmuchrawmaterialsshouldbeprovidedofpeoplewanttorecyclethewaste
13.Thenewtypeofrecyclingplantwill.
A.recycleonlypaperandrubber
B.notrecyclemetals,paperorrubber
C.recyclepaper,rubberandmetals
D.notrecyclesteel,leadorcopper
14.Thefirstrecyclingplants.
A.havealreadybeenbuiltinlargeindustrialareas
B.willnotbebuiltforatleastfifteenyears
C.willprobablybebuiltinthenextfifteenyears
D.willbetooexpensivetobuildnearbigcities.
15.“Wellonwith"inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans.
A.finishedwith
B.nearingcompletion
C.gettingreadytostart
D.makingimprovementson
Passage4
Peoplewithdisabilitiescomprisealargepartofthepopulation.Itisestimatedthatover35millionAmericanshavephysical,mental,orotherdisabilities.Abouthalfofthesedisabilitiesare“developmental",i.e.,theyoccurpriortotheindividual'stwenty-secondbirthday,oftenfromgeneticconditions,andaresevereenoughtoaffectthreeormoreareasofdevelopment,suchasmobility,communication,employment,etc.Mostotherdisabilitiesareconsidered“adventitious",i.e.,accidentalorcausedbyoutsideforces.
Priortothe20thcentury,onlyasmallpercentageofpeoplewithdisabilitiessurvivedforlong.Medicaltreatmentforthesedisabilitieswasunavailable.Advancementsinmedicineandsocialserviceshavecreatedaclimateinwhichpeoplewithdisabilitiescanexpecttohavesuchbasicneedsasfood,shelter,andmedicaltreatment.Unfortunately,thesebasicsareoftennotavailable.Civillibertiessuchastherighttovote,marry,getaneducation,andgainemploymenthavehistoricallybeendeniedonthebasisofdisability.
Inrecentdecades,thedisabilityrightsmovementhasbeenorganizedtofightagainsttheseinfringementsofcivilrights.Congressrespondedbypassingmajorlegislationrecognizingpeoplewithdisabilitiesasaprotectedclassundercivilrightss
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