M3U1M5U1课文重点潘久芳.docx
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M3U1M5U1课文重点潘久芳.docx
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M3U1M5U1课文重点潘久芳
Module3unit1Reading填空
Module3unit1Reading----Fog大雾
Atlunch,theradioforecast(动词”预报”,过去式/分词都是forecast)thatthemistwouldbecomeathick厚的fog.Atfouro’clock,Pollyleftworkandsteppedoutintothefog.Shewonderedwhetherthebuseswouldstillberunning.Once一旦(shewas)outinthestreet,shewalkedquicklytowardsherusualbusstop.(状语从句省略和主句相同的主语+be动词)
‘Howfarareyougoing?
’thebusconductor(售票员)askedherbeforehetookherfare(车费).‘KingStreet,’saidPolly,‘Sorry,Miss,’replied(回答V原形是reply)theman,‘thetruthisthat+同位语从句itistoofoggyforthebustorunthatfar.(too+adj+forsb+todo对sb来说太…以至于不能做)
AsPollyobserved(动词原形为observe”观察/注意到/庆祝/遵循/评论”)thepassengersonthetrain,shehadafeelingthat+同位语从句shewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkovercoat.AtlastthetrainarrivedatGreenParkstation.Whiletherestofpassengersweregettingout,sheglancedatthefacesaroundher.Thetallmanwasnowheretobeseen.=Nowherewasthetallmanseen/found.否定(句首)+半倒装
(sb/sthbenowheretobeseen/found.=Nowhere+be+sb/sth+done)哪儿也找不到/看不到sb/sth
WhenPollygottothestationentrance(入口),itwasempty.Outside,wherevershelooked,thefoglay(’平放,平躺’,动词原形lie过去式lay过去分词lain)likeathick厚的,grey(灰白的)cloud.Therewasnooneinsight(在视线范围之内).Pollysetofftowards(朝…出发)ParkStreet.Asshewalkedalongthenarrow(狭窄的)street,sheheardthesoundoffootsteps(脚步)approaching(正在靠近).Shecouldfeelherheartbeating(正有规律地跳动)withfear(恐惧/害怕n/V).
感官动词+宾语+宾补(doing主动正在,do(主动全过程),done被动)
Aminutebefore,shehadwishedforsomeonetocomealong(期望sb过来).Nowshewantedtorun,butfearheld(动词’使’,原形hold,过去式过去分词held)herstill(静止不动的adj).Thefootstepsseemedclosenow.Thenaman’svoicecameoutofdarkness.‘Isanybodyhere?
’Pollyhesitated(犹豫不决V原形hesitate).Atlastsheanswered,‘Hello,IthinkI’mlost(形容词’迷路的’).’
Afewsecondslater,ahandreachedout(伸出来)andgrasped(动词’抓住’,原形grasp)herarm.Pollyfoundherselfstaringat(宾补’正盯着’)thefaceofanoldmanwithabeard(胡子).
HetookPolly’shand.’Watchoutforthestephere.(小心台阶)’‘Nowwe’reatthecrossroads(在一个十字路口).Turnlefthere.’Pollywasbeginningtofeelfrightenedagain.’Youreallyshouldn’tfeelanxious(形容词’担心的’).’Heheld(抓住)herhandmorefirmly(副词’牢牢地’).
‘Thankyousomuchforcomingtomyaid(帮助我).’SaidPollyinrelief(轻松/宽慰地).
‘Afogthisbadisrare(稀少的adj).Itgivesmethechancetopayback(回报,报复)thehelpthatpeoplegivemewhenit’ssunny.Ablindpersonlikemecan’tgetacross(穿过)theroadwithouthelp,exceptinafoglikethis.getsthacrosstosb使sth被sb理解(本意:
使sth穿过到达sb)
Sthgetacrosstosbsth被sb理解(本意:
sth穿过到达sb)
Module3unit1Project填空
Module3unit2Project---Sharkattacks鲨鱼攻击
1.Onlyabout30types(类型)areknowntohaveattackedhumanbeings.
=Itisknownthatonlyabout30typeshaveattackedhumanbeings.
(Itisknown/said/reported/believedthat+sb主语+谓语V主语从句)
=sbbeknown/said/reported/believetodo(tohavedone已经,tobedoing正在,todo现在/将来)
2.Twoothersharksarealsorather(相当地adv)dangerous.
=Anothertwosharks=Twomoresharksareratherdangerous.
3.Contrary(形容词’相反的’,作状语)to(介词)whatmanypeoplemightassume(动词’认为’),evidence(证据’不可数n’)showsthatsharksseldomattackhumans.
4.Thesharkpushesyouwithitsnosetofindoutifyouarefittobeeaten,andthenbites(动词’咬’)youifitthinksyouare.bite过去式bit过去分词bitten
5.Toreducetheriskofasharkattack,youshouldfollowthesesuggestions.
为了减少鲨鱼攻击的风险,你应该遵从这些建议。
6.Donotwearbrightclothingorjewellery(珠宝,不可数n),becausesharksareattractedtotheflashofcoloursandbrightobjects.(物体)
7.Stayingroups,as(因为)sharksusuallyavoid(动词’避免’+doing/n)largenumbersofpeople.
alargenumberof+n复数=largenumbersof+n复数,alargeamountof=agreatdealof+n不可数
8.Keepclam.Donotpanic.保持镇静,不要恐慌。
9.Hitthesharkonthenose.Stickyourfingerintheshark’seye.把手指插到鲨鱼的眼睛里。
(hitsb+inthe+软部位,hitsb+onthe+硬部位)
10.Don’tbefrightenedbysharks:
youare30timesmorelikelytobehitbylightingthanbeattackedbyashark.
倍数表达法:
倍数+as+adj/adv原级+as,倍数+adj/adv比较级+than
倍数+the+n(表长length宽width高height尺寸size)+of
Sbbelikelytodo=Itislikelythatsb主语+谓语V
Module3unit2Project---Thewonderfulworldofpigeons鸽子
1.Herollsup(卷起)thepaperandputsitintoasmallcase,andthenreachesintoacageandgetsabird.Attaching(“附”作状语,和主语构成主动语态+ing)themessagetoitsleg,hesetsthebirdloose(松开的adj).
attachsthtosth把sth固定/附在…上=sthbeattachedtosth某物被固定/附属在sth上e.g.TheMiddleSchoolisattachedtotheNanjingUniversity.
set(使)+宾语+宾补(adj/doing)
e.g.setsbfree释放sbsetsbthinking使sb沉思setalarmbellsringing使警钟响
2.Pigeonshaveawonderfulsenseofdirection方向感andcanfindtheirwayhomeoverlongdistance.However,itwasinwarthattheyfoundtheirgreatestuse(用itwas…that强调inwar).
3.DuringWorldWarIandII,(前无冠词)pigeonswereemployed(适用/雇佣,动词原形为employ)byarmiestocarrymessages,saving(结果状语,自然而然的结果+ing)thelivesofmanysoldiersandevenhelpingwinsomeimportantvictories(胜利n原形为victory).
4.Pigeonsappear(系动词’似乎’)tohaveacompass(指南针)insidethem.Since(因为)acompassaloneisnotenoughtofindone’sway,theyalsoappeartousetheirsightandeventheirsenseofsmell嗅觉totellthemwhichwaytheyshouldgo.Unlike(介词’不像’,作状语)humans,theynevergetlost(迷路).
Module3unit2课文填空
Module3unit2Reading----Englishanditshistory
TheEnglishlanguageismadeupofthegrammarandvocabularythesepeoplebroughttoBritain.ThatiswhyEnglishhassomanydifficultrulesthatconfusepeople.
OldEnglishisverydifferentfromtheEnglishwespeaknowadays.Beforethemiddleofthe5thcentury,peopleinBritainallspokealanguagecalledCeltic.ThentwoGermanicgroupsfromtheEuropeanmainland---theAnglesandTHESaxons---occupiedBritain.OldEnglishconsistedofamixtureoftheirlanguages.(BoththeEnglishlanguageandtheEnglishpeoplearenamedaftertheAngles;thewordAnglewasspeltEngleinOldEnglish.)AsidefromplacenamessuchasLondon,veryfewCelticwordsbecamepartofOldEnglish.Attheendofthe9thcentury,theVikings,peoplefromNorthernEuropeancountriessuchasDenmarkandNorway,begantomovetoBritain.Theyboughtwiththemtheirlanguages,whichalsomixedwithOldEnglish.Bythe10thcentury,OldEnglishhadbecometheofficiallanguageofEngland.
WhenwespeakEnglishtoday,wesometimesfeelconfused/puzzledaboutwhichwordsorphrasestouse.ThisiswhyEnglishhasmanywordsandphrasesfromdifferentlanguages,butwithsimilarmeanings.
ManythingsplayedaroleinthedevelopmentofthisnewtypeofEnglish.(MiddleEnglish)ThemostimportantcontributionwasfromtheNormans,aFrench-speakingpeoplewhodefeatedEnglandandtookcontrolofthecountryin1066.However,theNormanConquestdidnotaffectEnglishasmuchastheAnglesandtheSaxons’victoryabout600years,whichleadtoOldEnglishreplacingCeltic.EventhoughtheNormansspokeFrenchfortheentire250yearstheyruledEngland,FrenchdidnotreplaceEnglishasthefirstlanguage.Ontheotherhand,theEnglishlanguagedidborrowmanywordsfromFrench.AftertheNormanConquest,manyEnglishpeopleworkedasservantswhoraisedanimals.Therefore,thewordsweuseformostanimasraisedforfoodcomefromOldEnglish.OldEnglishmadeothercontributionstoMiddleEnglishaswell.High-classpeoplespokeFrenchwhilecommonpeoplespokeEnglish.However,bythelatterhalfofthe14thcentury,Englishhadcomeintowidespreaduse.In1399,HenryIVbecameKingofEngland.HismothertonguewasEnglish,andheusedEnglishforallofficialevents.
ModernEnglishincludesmanyLatinandGreekwords.Pronunciationalsowentthroughhugechanges.ThequestionofwhetherEnglishwillkeeponchanginginthefutureiseasytoanswer.Itiscertainthatthisprocesswillcontinue,andpeoplewillkeepinventingnewwords.
Module3unit2Project”ThedevelopmentofChinesecharacters”
TheChineselanguagediffersfromWesternlanguagesinthatinsteadofanalphabet,itusescharacterswhichstandforideas,objectsordeeds.Chinesewordsareformedbyputtingtogetherdifferentcharacters.Inmanycases,asinglecharactercanalsomakeupaword.
Accordingtoanancientstory,amannamedCangJieinventedChinesewriting.Onewinterdaywhilehewashunting,hesawthetracksofanimalsinthesnowandobservedthattheappearanceofeachonewasdifferent.Thenhehadtheideathathecouldusedifferentshapestorepresentdifferentobjects.Somecharactershavebeensimplifiedandothershavebeenmademoredifficultovertime.However,asawhole,thecharactershavedevelopedfromdrawingsintostandardform.
Notallcharactersweredevelopedfromdrawingsofobjects.Sometimestoexpressideas,somecharactersweremadebycombiningtwoormorecharacterstogether.Thecharacter‘prisoner’wasformedwitha‘man’insideasquare.Itiseasytodistinguishtheirmeaningsbylookingatthem,forexample,thecharactersfor‘up’and‘down’,whichareoppositesofeachother.Thoughthesekindsofcharactersindicatemeanings,oneoftheirshortcomingsisthattheydonotshowhowtheyshouldbepronounced.
Inthe1950stheChinesegovernmentintroducedsimplified(形容词“被简化的”)ChinesecharactersandnowtheyhavewidespreaduseinChina’smainland.
ThestoryofBraille
Usually,whenwetalkaboutreading,wethinkofusingoureyestoseeletterswrittenininkonpaper.However,thisisnotalwaystrue.Forexample,blindpeoplecannotsee,buttheycanstillreadbooks.
Themanwhointroduced(使…了解)blindpeopleto(介词)readingwasLouisBraille(1809-1852).Braillelosthiseyesightattheageofthreeas
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