高考英语 阅读理解抓分练习精品题7.docx
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高考英语 阅读理解抓分练习精品题7.docx
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高考英语阅读理解抓分练习精品题7
2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习精品(7)及答案
阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Dutchtreatisalate-nineteenth-centuryterm,anditoriginallyreferstoadinnerwhereeveryoneisexpectedtopayforhisownshareofthefoodanddrink.Ifpeoplego“Dutchtreat”,orsimply“goDutch”,itmeansthattheywillsharetheexpensesofasocialengagement.
Therearemanyother“Dutch”expressionsinEnglish,manyofwhichwereinventedinBritainintheseventeenthcentury,whentheDutchandtheEnglishwerecommercialandmilitaryrivals.TheBritishused“Dutch”torefertosomethingbad,cheapandshameful.A“Dutchbargain”atthattimewasanuneven,one-sideddeal;“Dutchreckoning”wasanunitemizedaccount;and“Dutchwidow”wasslangforprostitute.Latercenturiesbroughtin“Dutchcourage”,forbraveryinducedbydrink;“Dutchconcert”,fordiscordantmusic;“Dutchnightingale”,meaningafrog;and“doubleDutch”,forincomprehensiblelanguage,orunintelligibletalk.
Someoftheexpressionsarestillinusetoday,butsomearenot.Infact,inAmericanEnglish,some“Dutch”expressionshavenothingtodowiththeDutch,butsomethingwiththeGerman.Itwasprobablybecauseofthesimilarspellingandpronunciationthatpeoplemadeamistakeindistinguishingbetween“Dutch”and“Deutsch”(theGermanwordforGerman),whenGermanimmigrantscametoAmericainthe1700s.Forinstance,“thePennsylvaniaDutch”referstotheGermandescendants,insteadoftheDutchdescendants,livinginPennsylvania.
56.Manyofthe“Dutch”expressionswereinventedwithderogatory(贬义)sense,because.
A.TheDutchwereunderdevelopedpeople.
B.BritainandHollandwerecompetitorsatthattime.
C.TheDutchhadmanybadhabits.
D.TheBritishweresuperiortotheDutch.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。
根据whentheDutchandtheEnglishwerecommercialandmilitaryrivals.英国和荷兰进行商业和军事竞争,故选B。
57.WiththeinformationyougetfromParagraph2,makeaguessatthemeaningofthesentence“YouareinDutch”.Itprobablymeans.
A.YouareinHolland.B.Youarewelcome.
C.Youareintrouble.D.Youarelucky.
【答案】C
【解析】句意猜测题。
根据TheBritishused“Dutch”torefertosomethingbadandshameful.因为Dutch指的是不好可耻的事情,所以这句应该理解为“你有麻烦了”,故选C。
58.Accordingtothepassage,somenativeAmerican“Dutch”expressionswererelatedtotheGermaninsteadoftheDutch,simplybecause.
A.PeoplehatedtheGermanasmuchastheDutch.
B.Peoplemadeamistakeatthebeginning.
C.PeoplemadeajokeabouttheGerman.
D.TheGermanimmigrantsproclaimedthattheywereDutch.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。
根据Itwasprobablybecauseofthesimilarspellingandpronunciationthatpeoplemadeamistakeindistinguishingbetween“Dutch”and“Deutsch”(theGermanwordforGerman),是因为人们在开始时出现了错误,故选B。
Thehumannosehasgiventothelanguageoftheworldmanyinterestingexpressions.Ofcourse,thisisnotsurprising.Withoutthenosewecouldnotbreatheorsmell.Itisthepartofthefacethatgivesapersonspecialcharacter.CyranodeBergeracsaidthatalargenoseshowedagreatman-brave,polite,manlyandbright.Afamouswomanpoetwishedthatshehadtwonosestosmellarose.BlaisePascal,aFrenchphilosopher(哲学家)madeaninterestingcommentaboutCleopatra'snose.Ifithadbeenshorter,hesaid,itwouldhavechangedthewholefaceoftheworld.Historically,man'snosehasanimportantroleinhisimagination.Manhasreferredtothenoseinmanywaystoexpresshisfeelings.Expressionsaboutnoserefertohumanweakness:
anger,pride,jealousy(嫉妒)andrevenge(报复).InEnglishthereareanumberofphrasesaboutthenose.Forexample,"toholdupone'snose"expressesabasichumanfeeling-pride.Peoplecanholduptheirnosesatpeople,thingsandplaces.Thephrase"tobeledaroundbythenose"showsman'sweakness.Apersonwhoisledaroundbythenoseletsotherpeoplecontrolhim.Ontheotherhand,apersonwhofollowshisnoseletshisinstinct(本能)guidehim.
Forthehumanemotionofrejection,thephrase"tohaveone'snoseputoutofjoint"isverydescriptive.Theexpressionappliestopersonswhohavebeenturnedasidebecauseofacompetitor.Theirprideishurtandtheyfeelrejected.Thisexpressionisnotnew.ItwasusedbyErasmusin1542.
ThisisonlyasamplingofexpressionsinEnglishdealingwiththenose.Thereareanumberofothers.However,itshouldbeasplainasthenoseonyourfacethatthenoseismorethananorgan(器官)forbreathingandsmelling!
46.Thispassageisabout_______.
A.thehumannose,anorganforbreathingandsmelling
B.thenosegivingvariousexpressions
C.awomanpoet'swishtohavetwonoses
D.interestingcommentsmadeonCleopatra'snose
47.AccordingtoBlaisePascal,"Cleopatra'snose"________.
A.didchangethewholefaceoftheworld
B.shouldbeshorter
C.representsherpowerfulcharacter
D.hadbeencutshorter
48."Toholdupone'snose"isanexpressionof_______.
A.contemptB.revengeC.angerD.jealousy
49.Amanwhoisdescribedas"tohaveone'snoseputoutofjoint"________.
A.ishappy
B.wantstosmellaflower
C.isill
D.feelshurtandrejected
50.Whenyousayitis"asplainasthenoseonyourface",youmean_______.
A.itiseasytosolve
B.itisahardnuttocrack
C.itissomethingquiteeasytounderstand
D.thereisaplain-lookingnoseonyourface
参考答案46-50BCADC
*********************************************************结束
Wemightbesurprisedattheprogressmadeineveryfieldofstudy,butthemethodsoftestingaperson'sknowledgeandabilityremainasbefore.Itreallyisextraordinary(特别的)thatafteralltheseyears,educatorshavestillfailedtodevise(设计出)anythingmoreefficientandreliablethanexaminations.Fortheentireclaim(声称)thatexaminationstestwhatyouknow,itiscommonknowledgethattheymoreoftendotheexactopposite.Theymaybeagoodmeansoftestingmemory,ortheskillsofworkingrapidlyunderextremepressure,buttheycantellyounothingaboutaperson'strueability.
Asanxiety-makers,examinationsaresecondtonone.Thatisbecausesomuchdependsonthem.Theyarethemarkofsuccessorfailureinoursociety.Yourwholefuturemaybedecidedinonefateful(决定性的)day.Itdoesn'tmatterthatyouweren'tfeelingverywell,orthatyourmotherdied.Littlethingslikethatdon'tcount:
theexamgoeson.Noonecangiveofhisbestwhenheisinmortalterror,orafterasleeplessnight,yetthisiswhattheexaminationsystemexpectshimtodo.Themomentachildbeginsschool,heentersaworldofharmfulcompetitionwheresuccessandfailureareclearlydefined(界定)andmeasured.Canwewonderattheincreasingnumberof"drop-outs":
youngpeoplewhoarewrittenoffasfailuresbeforetheyhaveevenbegunacareer?
Canwebesurprisedattherisingsuicide(自杀)rateamongstudents?
51.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.
A.educatorstrytodevisemorereliabletestsbutinvain(徒劳)
B.examinationsexplainthefailureofmanystudents
C.examinationsmakeaharmfulinfluenceontheschoolsystem
D.theexaminationsystemshouldremainunquestioned
52.Examinationsaregenerallybelievedtobe_______.
A.areflection(反映)ofanexaminee'sknowledgeandability
B.extremelyanxiety-making
C.averyunfaircompetitionamongstudents
D.inefficientandunreliable
53.Accordingtotheauthor,examinations________.
A.areawonderfulmemorytestingmethod
B.makemanystudentskillthemselves
C.usuallyfailtoevaluate(评价)students'schoolperformance
D.maydetermineastudent'sfuture
54.Inthispassage,what'sthemeaningoftheword"drop-outs"?
A.Thosewhofailintheexaminations.
B.Thosewholeaveschoolwithoutfinishingtheircourses.
C.Thosewhodonottaketheexamination.
D.Thosewhodonottakepartinanyactivities.
55.Fromthepassage,weknowtheauthor________.
A.recommends(推荐)themarkofsuccessandfailureinoursociety
B.arguesagainsttheassessment(判断)ofstudents'abilityaccordingtotheirtestscores
C.offerseducatorsadviceonthedesignofsomemorereliabletests
D.emphasizes(强调)theimportanceofdiscipline(纪律)onstudents
参考答案
51-55CACBB
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