虚拟语气.docx
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虚拟语气.docx
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虚拟语气
课题
虚拟语气
学情分析
学习目标与
考点分析
学习重点
难点
学习方法
教学过程
第一部分:
授课思路
第二部分:
学习过程
虚拟语气
If型
Should+V.型
其他情况(asif,wouldrather,It’stimethat…)
If型
1.Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.
要是你早来几分钟的话,你就能见到他了。
(与过去事实相反)
2.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.
明天要是天气好的话,我来看你。
(与将来事实可能相反)
3.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.
假如我是你的话,我会马上走。
(与现在事实相反,事实上我不可能是你)
条件从句
If从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
现在
过去式(were)
Would/should.might/could+V原
过去
haddone
Would/should.might/could+havedone
将来
1.过去式
2.should+动V
3.weretodo
Would/should.might/could+V原
1.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____himattheairport.
A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmet
C.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeet
2.Ifit______tomorrow,Iwouldn’tattendtheparty.
A.rainB.rains
C.hadrainedD.weretorain
3.IwouldhavegonetothemeetingifI_____time.
A.hadhadB.havehad
C.hadD.wouldhavehad
4.Ifyou__________tomorrow,you_________findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice.
A.shouldcome;wouldB.wouldcome;would
C.willcome;shouldD.comes;might
5.Iftheparents______atthehospitalearlieraftertheaccident,thechildwouldhavebeensaved.
A.arrivesB.arrive
C.hadarrivedD.hasarrived
If型特例1:
错综时间条件句
Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.
定义:
从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。
动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整.
Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycoulddoiteasilynow.
Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor,you_____allrightnow.
A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen
If型特例2:
省略if的条件从句:
总结:
从句中有were,had或should时,省略if,而把它们放在句首
______Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.
A.WasB.Hadbeen
C.WillbeD.Were
Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you________better.
A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen
把下列句子倒装。
1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdothat
2.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.
3.Ifyouhadnothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.
Should+v型
1.在宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,主语从句中。
这种用法的常用词有:
一个坚持insist
两个命令order,command
三个建议advise,suggest,propose
四个要求demand,require,request,ask
其后的宾语从句及其同根名词引导的主语,表语,同位语从句中。
1.Iadvisedthatyou___thejobassoonaspossible.
AfinishedBfinishing
CtofinishDfinish
2.Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay___beraised.
AshouldBwould
CmustDcould
3.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_____there.
A.notwentB.won'tgo
C.notgoD.nottogo
4.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam____beforeeleven.
A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinished
C.befinishedD.mustbefinished
5.Thecommanderorderedthatwe_____work.
A.mustfinishB.finished
C.shouldfinishD.couldfinish
分析下列句子中that从句分别引导的是什么从句。
他建议我们早点回家(suggest)。
•Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.
•Itwassuggestedthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.
•Hissuggestionwasthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.
•Hemadeasuggestionthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.
Jane’spalefacesuggestedthathe___ill.
AbeBwas
CshouldbeDis
Heinsistshe______right.
A.wereB.was
C.beD.is
insist/suggest各有两种意思,要用不同的语气
Insist表示“坚决要求”时,用虚拟形式,即should+do;
Insist表示“坚持说”时,用陈述语气,表示事实。
Suggest表示“建议”时,用虚拟形式。
Suggest表示“表明、暗示”时,用陈述语气。
判断下列句子是否正确。
Youpalefacesuggeststhatyou(should)beill.
Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.
Iinsistedthatyou(should)bewrong.
Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.
2.Itisimportant(necessary,strange,)that....
类似用法的词有:
necessary,strange,natural,apity, ashame, nowonder…
翻译下列句子:
•我们有必要出去散散步。
•她这样做是很自然的。
•重要的是我们要照顾好病人。
1.did
2.haddone
If型3.wereto/did/should
错综时间条件句(各自为准)
Were,had,should提前,省略if
TheSubjunctivemood
1.一个坚持,两个命令,三个建议,四个要求。
insist
Should+v型suggest
2.Itis(necessary,strange…)+that…
1.Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.
A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissed
C.wouldmissD.missed
2.Headvisedthatthey_____useatrickinsteadoffighting.
A.shouldB.would
C.doD.had
3.IfIknewyouwerecoming,I___youattheairportthen.
A.hadmetB.met
C.wouldmeetD.wouldhavemet
4.TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.
A.sellB.sold
C.shallsellD.wouldsell
5.Itisstrangethatthelittleboy_____speaktwoforeignlanguages.
A.couldB.canC.shouldD.would
6.Hegaveordersthattheexperiment____before5:
30pm.
A.befinishedC.hadfinished
C.mustbefinishedD.willfinish
7.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_____nothingwrongand_____free.
A.did;set
B.haddone;shouldbeset
C.shoulddo;beset
D.haddone;mustbeset
3.类似if型
Wish/Asif(though)
Wouldrather/Ifonly
Butfor+n/Without+n
It’s(high)time+that
类似if型
(1)
现在:
过去时(were)
Wish/Asif/(though)+从句过去:
过去完成时(haddone)
未来:
would/could/might+V.(原)
1.IwishIwere30yearsyounger.
2.Iwish(that)youwouldgetagoodjob.
3.Hewishedhehadn‘tdoneit.
4.Hetreatsthelittlegirlasifshewereheown
daughter.
类似if型
(2)
过去时现在/将来
wouldrather+
that(从句)
宁愿……过去完成时过去
Ifonly+过去时现在
要是……
该有多好啊过去完成时过去
类似if型(3)
过去时(were)/
It’s(high)time+that
Should(不省)+V.
你该走了。
It’shightimethatyouwent.
It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.
我们该去睡觉了。
It’stimethatwewenttobed.
It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.
类似if型(4)
一些短语相当于虚拟条件从句(if…),其后的句子与虚拟条件主句用法一致。
butfor+n(要不是),现在/将来
without+n,would/could/should/might+V.(原)
otherwise(否则),+句子过去
inthatcase,would/could/should/might+havedone
1.Butforyourhelp,we(make)suchrapidprogress.
没有你的帮助,我们是不会取得这么快的进展的。
2.Withoutair,there_________(be)nolivingthings.
如果没有空气,就不会有生物
3.Thankstothebraveyoungman,otherwise,theboy______________(die).
多亏了这个勇敢的年轻人,否则,男孩就死了。
4.IfonlyI___tomyparents!
(ButIdidn’t.)
A.listenedB.hadlistened
C.shouldlistenD.wouldlisten
5.Iwishthisbus___totheuniversity.
A.goB.went
C.hasgoneD.hadgone
6.Simonlooksasthoughhenever___asquaremeal(吃得饱),thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell.
A.getB.gettingC.gotD.shouldget
7.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe___there.
A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.been
9.–HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?
--No,butIwishI___.
A.haveB.willC.doD.had
10.Idon’tthinkitistherighttimethatyou__.
A.willgoB.wentC.goD.mustgo
11.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.
A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken
时态复习:
时
式
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
一般
一般现在时
work/works
一般过去时
worked
一般将来时
shall/will+work
begoingto+work
(am/is/are)
一般过去将来时
should/would+work
be+goingto+work
(was/were)
进行
现在进行时
am/is/are+working
过去进行时
was/were+working
将来进行时
shall/will+beworking
过去将来进行时
should/would+beworking
完成
现在完成时
have/has+worked
过去完成时
had+worked
将来完成时
shall/will+haveworked
过去将来完成时
should/would+haveworked
完成进行
现在完成进行时
have/has+beenworking
过去完成进行时
hadbeenworking
将来完成进行时
will/shall+havebeenworked
过去将来完成进行时
should/would+havebeenworked
一般现在时
一、动词的第三人称词尾变化:
当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需加-s或-es:
规则
动词原形
第三人称单数形式
一般在词尾加-s,(清辅音后读∕s∕,在浊辅音后读∕z∕;在t后读∕ts∕,在d后读∕dz∕。
)
play
leave
swim
plays
leaves
swims
以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的词加-es,读∕iz∕,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。
pass
fix
teach
wish
do
passes
fixes
teaches
wishes
does
以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先变y为i,再加-es,读∕z∕。
study
carry
fly
studies
carries
flies
注意:
动词have的第三人称单数是has.
写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式。
1.cook_______2.watch________3.build_________4.have________5.wash________
6.enjoy______7.go_________8receive______9cry______10.close________
二.一般现在时的用法
1)表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的副词连用。
常用的频度副词有:
always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes、everyday(month,week,year,morning),onSundays等。
频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。
例如:
Heoftengoesswimminginsummer.。
Iusuallyleavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.
2)表示现在的状态。
Myfatherisatwork.Heisverybusy.
Theboyistwelve.
3)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。
Allmyfamilylovefootball.
Mysisterisalwaysreadytohelpothers.
AnnwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.。
4)表示客观真理,客观存在,自然现象。
Theearthmovesaroundthesun.
ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.
5)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。
但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,takeplace等。
Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.
Hecomesbacktonight.
6)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。
I'lltellhimthenewswhenhecomesback.
Ifyoutakethejob,theywilltalkwithyouingreaterdetails.
巩固练习:
1、Lucylikesgoingskatingwithherfriends.(否定句)
________________________________________________________
2、AuntLi’ssonhastentoybears.(提问)
________________________________________________________
3、Hiswatchcosts300yuan.(问句并否定回答)
________________________________________________________
4、Ilikebeinganursefortheold.(一般疑问句)
一般过去时
一、动词过去式的规则变化:
构成规则
动词原形
动词过去式
一般在动词原形末尾加-ed,(在清辅音后读∕t∕;在浊辅音和元音后读∕d∕;在
∕t∕,∕d∕后读∕id∕。
look
play
work
looked
played
worked
结尾是e的动词在末尾加-d
like
live
hope
liked
lived
hoped
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed
plan
stop
drop
planned
stopped
dropped
结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“I”再加-ed
study
worry
cry
studies
worries
cries
写出下列动词的过去式形式。
1.put________2.drink_______3.cry_______4.pull________5.ride________
6.begin________7.sit________8.run_________9.take_________10.sweep_______
11.stop_______12.solve_______13.rob________14.wait_________15.lie_________
16.turn_______17.explore_______18.drop_______19.clean______20.produce_____
21.get__________22.laugh________23.pay________24.die_________25.prefer______
二.一般过去时的用法
1)表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。
常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,justnow,theotherday,in19
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