非谓语动词2动名词.docx
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非谓语动词2动名词.docx
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非谓语动词2动名词
非谓语动词
(2)---动名词
一、动词-ing形式的时态和语态:
(以teach为例)
语态
时态
主动语态
被动语态
—般式
teaching
beingtaught
完成式
havingtaught
havingbeentaught
【规则1】
(1)如果动词-ing所表示的动作没有明确地表示出时间是与谓语动作同时发生或在谓语动作之前发生,用动词-ing的一般式。
(2)如果动词-ing所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,通常用动词-ing的完成式。
1.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp__________(persuade)intobuyingsomethingtheydon'treallyneed.
2.Wewerepraisedfor__________(finish)theworkaheadoftime.
3.Tonywasveryunhappyfor__________(not,invite)totheparty.
二、动词-ing形式的语法功能
(一)作主语
动词-ing形式作主语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验。
(动词-ing形式作主语表示一般或抽象的多次行为)有时会用让作形式主语,把动词-ing形式放在句尾。
中译英:
1.____________________________________(眼见为实).
2.__________________________________(收集资料)isveryimportanttobusinessman.
【规则2】常用动词-ing形式作主语的句型有:
nouse/nogood/
hardlyanygood(use)
+doing
Itis+
useless/senseless
fun/enjoyable/tiring/nice
expensive/dangerous
awasteoftime/agoodpleasure
3.____________________________________(坐在这里等是没用的).
4.Itisnouse____________________________________(和她争吵是没用的).
5.Itisawasteoftime____________________________________(和他争辩是浪费时间).
Thereisno+doingsth.=Itisimpossibletodosth.
例如:
(1)Thereisnoholdingbackthewheelofhistory.=Itisimpossibletoholdbackthewheelofhistory.要阻止历史的车轮是不可能的。
(2)Thereisnosayingwhatmayhappen.说不准会发生什么事。
(二)作宾语
1.作动词/动词短语的宾语
【规则3】在英语中以下动词/动词短语后只跟-ing形式作宾语。
①建议完成练习,advise,suggest,finish,practise
②(不)喜欢考虑感激,like(dislike),enjoy,consider,appreciate
③想(象)原谅过错(错过),imagine/fancy,forgive/pardon,miss
④(不)允许介意逃(脱)避(免)permit/allow,mind,escape,avoid
⑤禁不住想禁止推迟的习惯——无用,can'thelp,feellike,forbid,putoff/delay,get(be)used/accustomedto,it’snouse
⑥希望坚持(决)反对忙于放弃——值得。
lookforwardto,insiston/keep(on),objectto,bebusydoing,giveup,beworth
某人建议/容许禁止做某事Sb.advise/permit/allow/forbiddoingsth.
某人建议/容许/禁止某人做某事Sb.advise/permit/allow/forbidsb.todosth.
(1)Heisconsidering__________(go)abroadaftergraduationfromtheuniversity.
(2)Headvisedus__________(tell)thetruthtoher.
(3)Headvised__________(tell)thetruthtoher.
(4)Mydoctoradvised__________(go)totheparkforachangeofair.
(5)Myparentsdon'tpermitme__________(stay)outsidetoolate.
(6)Inordertoprotecttheendangeredanimals,thegovernmentforbid_______(hunt)them.
(7)我们不许在这里抽烟。
(8)我们不许汤姆在这里抽烟。
(9)你介意汤姆在这里抽烟吗?
[难点2]
meandoingsth.意味着做某事
trydoingsth.试着做某事
stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事
remember/forget+doingsth.=remember/forget+havingdonesth.记得/忘记做过某事
regret+doingsth.=regrethavingdonesth.后悔做过某事
(10)我已经后悔没有采纳他的学习建议。
Ihaveregretted_______________________________________.
(11)我们记得在某个地方见过这个人。
Weremembered_______________________________________.
(12)错过了这次机会意味着要再等一年。
Missingthechancemeans_______________________________________.
(13)我忘记告诉过她这个令人兴奋的消息。
Iforgot_______________________________________.
2.作介词的宾语
(1)Wearethinkingof_____________(make)anewplanforthenextterm.
(2)Weshouldstopthestudentsfrom_____________(hurt)incampus.
[难点3]下列动词短语中含有to,其中to是介词,而不是不定式。
(3)反对_____________(4)注意_____________(5)把……献给_____________
(6)习惯_____________(7)盼望_____________(8)归功于_____________
【规则4】有些v-ing形式的主动式在句中含有被动意义,如want,need,deserve(值得),require,相当于tobe+过去分词。
1.Mywatchneedsrepairing=Mywatchneedsto__________.
2.Thehousewants__________(clean)=Thehousewantsto__________.
3.Thoseyoungtreeswillrequire______________________________(lookafter)carefully.
(三)作表语
【规则5】动词-ing可用来作表语时,句子主语常表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句-ing形式与主语通常是对等的关系,表示主语的内容,主语和表语可以互换位置。
1.Myfavoritesportisswimming.=Swimmingis_____________.
2Theirjobiscleaningthewindow.=Cleaningthewindowis_____________.
(四)作定语
【规则6】动名词作定语时,表事物的用途、属性,不强调动作。
1.游泳池___________________2.洗衣机___________________
3.阅览室___________________4.候车室___________________
asleepingcar=acarforsleeping=acarwhichisusedforsleeping
awalkingstick=astickforwalking=astickwhichisusedforwalking
(五)物主代词、名词所有格+v-ing形式作主语,表语或宾语
【规则7】v-ing作主语,可用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰;v-ing作宾语,还可用宾格或名词所有格修饰。
1.Hercomingtohelpencouragedallofus.=Thatshecametohelpencouragedallofus.
2.Jane’sbeingcarelesscausedsomuchtrouble.=ThatJanewascarelesscausedsomuchtrouble.
3.ThatMarywasillmadehermotherupset.=___________________madehermotherupset.
4.Thathetakeshisowncoursehasfrustratedhimmanytimes.(他一意孤行使他多次受挫)
=___________________hasfrustratedhimmanytimes.
5.Thefatherinsistedonhisson’s/hissongoingtocollege.(做宾语,两种形式均可)
6.Wouldyoumind___________________(我)usingyourtelescope?
步步为赢
I.用所给词的正确形式填空或完成句子。
提示:
1—13题不能用动词原形做主语。
1.____________(read)isanexperiencequitedifferentfrom____________(watch)TV.
2.InsomepartsofLondon,____________(miss)abusmeanswaitingforanotherhour.
3.____________(lose)hernewbicyclemadeherquiteupset.
4.____________(serve)thepeopleisourduty.
5.____________(learn)aforeignlanguageisveryusefultome.
6.It'snouse____________(argue)withhimoverthesmallthingonsuchabigoccasion.
7.____________(not,pass)thedrivinglicensetestmadethemupset.
8.____________(Mary,come)gaveourfamilyabigsurprise.
9.养成一个良好的学习习惯对我们来说是很必要。
____________________________________isnecessaryforus.
10.三个月没有收到他的来信使他的家人很担心。
____________________________________madehisfamilyveryworried.
11.被邀请参加这个晚会是我们的荣幸。
____________________________________isourhonour.
12.与他人分享快乐让我们更快乐。
____________________________________willmakeushappier.
13.总统亲临这次会面给了他们很大的鼓舞。
____________________________________gavethemagreatdealofencouragement.
14.Itriedtoavoid____________(meet)himbecausehealwaysboredme.
15.Ireallyappreciate____________(have)timetorelaxwithyouonthisniceisland.
16.Allthestaffinourcompanyareconsidering____________(go)tothecitycentreforthefashionshow.
17.Thekeyto____________(solve)theproblemistomeetthedemandmadebythecustomers.
18.Youcan'timaginewhatdifficultywehad____________(walk)homeinthesnowstorm.
19.Tonywasverydisappointedfor____________(not,praise)bytheteacher.
20.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto____________(setup)someschoolsforpoorchildren.
21.我的工作是照顾好这些小孩。
Myjobis____________________________________
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.____________(hang)aknifeoverthebaby’sheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfather'sclothesisjusttwooftherecommendedmethods.
2.____________(too,anxious)tohelpaneventdevelopoftenresultsinthecontrarytoourintention.
3.Ifyoufindthat____________(believe)inyourselfisachallenge,itistimeyoubuildapositiveself-image.
4.Changingthewayyouthinkaboutyourselfisthekeyto____________(change)yourself-imageandyourwholeworld.
5.Thatiswhatyouwillhavegainedby____________(engage)meinthewar.
6.____________(shop)atthistimeoftheyearwasnotapleasantexperience.
Ⅲ.语篇填空Passage1
Icrossedthestreettoavoid
(1)____________(meet)him,buthesawmeandcame
(2)____________(run)towardsme.Itwasnouse(3)____________(pretend)thatIhadnotseenhim,soIwavedtohim.Ineverenjoy(4)____________(meet)Michael.Nomatterhowbusyyouare,healwaysinsistson(5)____________(come)withyou.Ihadtothinkofawayof(6)____________(prevent)himfrom(7)____________(follow)mearoundallmorning.
Passage2
Johnfeelslike
(1)____________(smoke)andoftencan'thelp
(2)____________(do)sowhileworking.Onedaywhenotherswerebusy(3)____________(do)theirwork,Johnwascaught(4)____________(smoke)byhisboss.Hisbosssaid,"Ican'tstand(5)____________(smoke)intheofficeandothersalsoobjectto(6)____________(do)so.Itwillleadto(7)____________(delay)(8)____________(finish)theworkontime.Youmustpayattention.Ifyoukeepon(9)____________(smoke)hereanddon'tdevoteyourworkingtimeto(10)____________(do)theworkwell,Ipreferlettingyougoto(11)____________(have)youstayhere.
非谓语动词
(2)动名词
1.beingpersuaded2.havingfinished3.nothavingbeeninvited/notbeinginvited
动词-ing形式的语法功能
(一)作主语:
1.Seeingisbelieving2.Collectinginformation3.Itisnousesittingherewaiting4.quarrellingwithher5.arguingwithhim
(二)作宾语
1.作动词/动词短语的宾语
1)going
(2)totell(3)telling(4)going(5)tostay(6)hunting(7)Wedon'tallowsmokinghere(8)Wedon'tallowTomtosmokehere(9)WouldyoumindTom/Tom'ssmokinghere?
(10)nottakinghisadviceonstudy(11)havingseenthemansomeplace/seeingthemansomeplace/somewhere(12)waitingforanotheryear(13)havingtoldhertheexcitingnews/tellinghertheexcitingnews
2.作介词的宾语
(1)making
(2)beinghurt(3)objectto(4)payattentionto(5)devoteto(6)get/beusedto(7)lookforwardto(8)oweto
[难点3]1.toberepaired2.cleaning,tobecleaned3.lookingafter/tobelookedafter
(三)作表语1.myfavoritesport2.theirjob
(四)作定语1.aswimmingpool2.awashingmachine3.areadingroom4.awaitingroom
(五)物主代词、名词所有格+ving形式作主语,表语或宾语
3.Mary'sbeingill4.Takinghisowncourse6.me/my
步步为“赢”
I用所给问的正确形式填空或完成句子
1.Reading,watching2.missing3.Losing/Havinglost4.Serving5.Learning6.arguing7.Notpassing/Nothavingpassed8.Mary'scoming9.Gettingintoagoodhabitofstudying10.Nothavingreceivedhisletterfor3months11.Beinginvitedtotheparty12.Sharinghappinesswithothers13.Thepresident'sattendingthemeetinghimself14.meeting15.having16.going17.solving18.walking19.notbeingpraised20.settingup21.takinggoodcareofthesechildren
Ⅱ高考链接:
单句填空1.Hanging2.Beingtooanxious3.believing4.changing5.engaging6.Shopping
Ⅲ语篇填空
Passage1
(1)meeting
(2)running(3)pr
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