高中英语人教版选修8练习Unit 2 Cloning.docx

高中英语人教版选修8练习Unit 2 Cloning.docx

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高中英语人教版选修8练习Unit2Cloning

Unit2Cloning

[导语]　从1998年中国科学院动物研究所首席科学家、动物克隆与受精生物学学科带头人陈大元首次正式提出克隆大熊猫到现在，整整20年过去了，陈老仍然执着于此。

然而保护大熊猫，究竟要不要通过克隆的方式呢？

Chinahasbeenexploringeverypossiblemeansofsavinggiantpandas，oneoftheworld'smostendangeredspecies，frombecomingextinct，evenifitmeansresortingto（诉诸）cloningthem.

ChenDayuan，aseniorscientistwhospecializesincloningattheInstituteofZoologyintheChineseAcademyofSciences，introducedtheideaofperformingcloningtechniquesongiantpandasin1998.

Usinginitialfundingof100，000yuan，Chensuccessfullyproducedblastocysts（胚泡）bytransplantingthesomaticnucleusfromsamplepandasintotheeggcellsofrabbits.

“Thosewhoareagainstcloninghavemadetheirvoicesheardthroughouttheresearchprojectoncloninggiantpandas.Somepeoplebelievecloninggoesagainstnature，butitisactuallyapioneeringtechnology.Ifsuccessful，itisawaytosaveendangeredanimals，”Chensaid.

Somescientiststakeadifferentview.“WhileIagreethatresearchoncloningismeaningful，itisinappropriatetousegiantpandasinthistypeofexperiment.Thenumberofpandasislimitedandhumanbeingshaveyettomasterknowledgeaboutpandas'pregnancy.Cloningwoulddolittletosavethespecies，”saidWangDajun，aresearcherattheSchoolofLifeSciences，PekingUniversity.

Inresponse，Chensaidthathewouldcontinuehisresearch.

[词海拾贝]

1．endangeredadj.快要绝种的

2．techniquen．技巧，手法

3．transplantv．移植

4．pregnancyn．怀孕

[问题思考]

1．Doyouthinkpandascanbesavedbycloning？

Why?

_______________________________________________________

2．Whyaresomescientistsagainstcloningpandas?

_______________________________________________________

答案：

1.略

2．Becausetheythinkcloninggoesagainstnature.

Ⅰ.为单词选择正确的释义

1．commercial　　　　A．装饰

2．undertakeB．最初的，开始的

3．breakthroughC．假定；设想

4．procedureD．媒介；手段；工具

5．altogetherE．程序；步骤；手续

6．mediumF．规则；规章；法规

7．assumptionG．商业的；贸易的

8．regulationH．着手；从事；承担

9．initialI．缺点；不利条件

10．drawbackJ．总共；完全地

11．decorationK．突破

答案：

1－G　2－H　3－K　4－E　5－J　6－D　7－C　8－F　9－B　10－I　11－A

Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词

1．________n．双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一

adj.成对的；成双的

2．________vt.扔；投；掷

3．________vt.获得；赢得

4．________vt.获得；到达（水平、年龄、状况等）

5．________adj.道德（上）的；伦理的

6．________vt.欠（账、钱、人情等）；归功于……

7．________vi.退休；离开

8．________vt.打扰vi.操心n．烦扰

9．________n．羽毛

10．________adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的

答案：

1.twin　2.cast　3.obtain　4.attain　5.moral

6．owe　7.retire　8.bother　9.feather　10.reasonable

Ⅲ.根据英语释义写出单词

1．________：

outspoken

2．________：

correctineverydetail

3．________：

achangethatmakessthmoreaccuratethanitwasbefore

4．________：

bedifferent

5．________：

beagainst

6．________：

collectorgatheroveraperiodoftime

7．________：

hitsomeoneorsomething

8．________：

havingtoomuchpride

9．________：

beagainstsomeone

10．________：

only

11．________：

notabletodosomething

12．________：

admireverymuch

答案：

1.straightforward　2.exact　3.correction　4.differ

5．object　6.accumulate　7.strike　8.vain　9.resist

10．merely　11.unable　12.adore

Ⅳ.选用正确短语的适当形式完成句子

differfrom；objectto；infavourof；tobeexact；payoff；

ingoodcondition；strike...intoone'sheart（s）；castdown；

fromtimetotime；beboundto；bring...backtolife；invain

1．Don'tloseheart.Youreffortswill________soonerorlater.

2．Robertsattherealone，looking________．Whathadhappenedtohim?

3．Areyou________Tony'ssuggestionthatweshouldworkaroundtheclocktomeetthedeadline?

4．Hisparents________hisgoingtotheUSAforfurtherstudy，becausetheythoughthewastooyoung.

5．Hewillsetoffthedayaftertomorrow，________，onMay26，Tuesday.

6．Myopinionabouttheproblem________yours.Ithinkthingswillgetbetterifwetryourbest.

7．Ourteacher________theimportanceofsafety________，sowewereallcarefulwhencrossingthestreet.

8．Thoughthebuildingwasbuiltinthe1980s，itisstill________________．

9．Theoldkind－heartedmandonatedmoneytocharities________________thoughhedidn'thavemuchmoney.

10．Toourgreatdelight，thebadlyinjuredboywas________bytheexperienceddoctors.

11．Iamafraidyoureffortsare________；hewouldn'tlistentoothers.

12．Thereappearedarainbow.Theweather________getbetter.

答案：

1.payoff　2.castdown　3.infavourof　4.objectedto

5．tobeexact　6.differsfrom　7.struck　intoourhearts

8．ingoodcondition　9.fromtimetotime　10.broughtbacktolife　11.invain　12.wasboundto

课文表层理解

Ⅰ.判断正（T）误（F）

1．Aclonedanimalusuallydiesearlierthantheoriginalone.（　　）

2．Clonedpeoplecouldliveforever.（　　）

3．Cloningissomethingthathasbeendevelopedquiterecently.（　　）

4．Thelambisthecloneofthecellfromsheepbecauseitprovidesthenucleus.（　　）

5．Thereweremanyargumentsaboutanimalcloningandconcernsaboutthefutureofcloning.（　　）

答案：

1.T　2.F　3.F　4.T　5.T

Ⅱ.读课文，完成表格

Cloning：

Whereisitleadingus？

Paragraph

Mainidea

Contents

1

Thedefinition（定义）ofcloning

Cloningisawayofmakingan1.________anotheranimalorplant.Ithappensbothinplantsandanimals.

2

Themajor2．________ofcloning

Firstly，gardenersuseittoproducecommercial3.______．Secondly，itisvaluableforresearchonnewplantspeciesandformedicalresearchonanimals.

3

TheproblemsofDolly

Atfirstsheseemedtodevelopnormally.Thencame4.______thatshehadbecomeseriouslyill，which5.______cloningscientists.Dollylivedonlysixandahalfyears，6.________thelifeoftheoriginalsheep.Cloningscientistswonderedhowtoovercometheproblems.

4

TheeffectofDolly

Itsappearanceraisedastormof7.________andhadagreatimpactonmediaandpublicimagination.Italsooccuredtopeoplethattheycancureseriousillnessesandeventoproduce8.________usingcloning.

5

People'sreactiontocloning

Governmentbecame9.______．Somebeganto10.________researchintohumancloning.Scientistsstillwonderwhethercloningwillhelporharmusandwhereitisleadingus.

答案：

1.exactcopyof　2.uses　3.quantitiesofplants

4．thedisturbingnews　5.castdown

6．halfthelengthof　7.objections　8.humanbeings

9．nervousandmoreconservative　10.forbid

课文深层理解

Ⅰ.主旨匹配

Para.1　A．Themajorusesandproceduresofcloning.

Para.2B．Thedefinitionofcloning.

Para.3C．People'sreactiontocloning.

Para.4D．TheproblemsofDolly.

Para.5E．TheeffectofDolly.

答案：

Para.1－B　Para.2－A　Para.3－D　Para.4－E　Para.5－C

Ⅱ.单项选择

1．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethataclonedanimal________．

A．usuallylivesaslongastheoriginalone

B．usuallyliveslongerthantheoriginalone

C．usuallydiesearlierthantheoriginalone

D．isusuallyashealthyastheoriginalone

2．Whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofcloning?

A．Cloningcanbeusedforearningmoney.

B．Largequantitiesoffoodcanbeproducedbycloning.

C．Cloningcannothelpkeepanimalsfrombecomingextinct.

D．Famouspersonswhohavepassedawaycanbecloned.

3．Wecanusetheskillofcloningto________．

A．bringaboutglobalpeace

B．createotherfamousscientists

C．improvethedevelopmentoflearninglanguage

D．curesomespecialdiseases

4．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A．Clonedmicecanliveaslongastheoriginalones.

B．Cloningwillcometoanendbecauseofobjections.

C．Alltheresearchintohumancloningwillbeforbidden.

D．Itismoredifficulttocloneanimalsthancloneplants.

5．Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardscloninginthispassage?

A．Objective.　　　B．Negative.

C．Positive.D．Unclear.

答案：

1.C　2.B　3.D　4.D　5.A

Ⅲ.领会下列句子所用的句型并尝试译成汉语

1．Itisadifficulttaskto__undertake．

_______________________________________________________

2．Cloningplantsisstraightforwardwhilecloninganimalsisverycomplicated.

______________________________________________________

3．Althoughatpresenthumaneggcellsandembryosneededforcloningresearcharedifficulttoobtain，newspaperswroteofevilleadershopingtoclonethemselvestoattaintheirambitions.

_______________________________________________________

4．Then__camethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.

_______________________________________________________

答案：

1.它是一项很难完成的任务。

2．克隆植物简单，但克隆动物非常复杂。

3．尽管目前供克隆研究的人类卵细胞和胚胎很难获得，报纸报道却说，有些邪恶头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心。

4．接着传来多莉病重的坏消息。

Ⅳ.课文缩写

Cloningisawayofmakingan1.________copyofanotheranimalorplant.Cloningplantsis2.________whilecloninganimalsisverycomplicated.Itisadifficulttaskto3.________．Manyattemptstoclonemammalsfailed.Butatlastthedeterminationandpatienceofscientists4.________in1996witha5.________—thecloningofDollythesheep.Dolly'sappearanceraisedstormof6.________andhadagreat7.________onthe8.________andpublicimagination.AltogetherDollylivedsixandahalfyears，halfthelengthoftheoriginalsheep.

Atpresentsomecountriesbegantoreformtheirlegalsystemsand9.________researchintohumancloning，butothercountrieslikeChinaandtheUK，continuedto10.________evidenceoftheabundantmedicalaidthatcloningcouldprovide.

答案：

1.exact　2.straightforward　3.undertake

4．paidoff　5.breakthrough　6.objections　7.impact

8．media　9.forbade/forbad　10.accumulate

如何写议论文

议论文主要针对某一观点或问题（一般为有争议的观点或问题）发表议论和看法，因此写此类文章时要考虑的论据多为正反两个方面。

通过对有争议的观点或问题的不同看法进行比较，然后进行分析和评论，最后提出自己的看法，表达自己支持或反对的态度并加以论证说明，得出结论。

1．在文章的开头提出有争议的观点（一般提出两个相对的观点，然后客观地对其进行评析）。

2．接下来可用一个或两个段落分别展开论述。

在每段中，均可用主题句来点明论点，并对这些论点进行比较和对比、分析和评论。

3．文章结尾对所论述观点进行客观、合理的评论，提出自己的看法、建议；或者也可以将不同观点相互融合，选其可取之处，形成自己独到的观点。

[写作积累]

（一）话题词汇

opinionn．观点

progressn．进步

breakthroughn．突破

shoponline网上购物

surftheInternet网上冲浪

browsethewebpage浏览网页

drawbackn．缺陷

developmentn．发展

harmfuladj.有害的

advantagen．优点

disadvantagen．缺点

infavourof支持

objectto反对

changeone'slife改变某人的生活

（二）常用句式

1．Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto...Somepeoplesuggestthat...

2．People'sopinionsabout...varyfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplesaythat...

3．Eve