中考英语阅读理解测试题A含答案word1.docx
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中考英语阅读理解测试题A含答案word1.docx
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中考英语阅读理解测试题A含答案word1
2020-2021年中考英语阅读理解测试题(A)﹙含答案﹚(word)1
一、初三英语阅读理解(含答案详细解析)
1.阅读理解
Sciencefictionisapopularkindofwriting,andmanypeoplethinkofJulesVerne(凡尔纳)asthefatherofsciencefiction.HewasborninFrancein1828.Hisfatherwantedhimtobecomealawyer,butfromhisearly20sVernedecidedtobecomeawriter.Atfirsthewroteplaysforthetheater.Then,in1863,hewroteastorycalledFiveWeeksinaBalloon.ThesuccessofthisbookencouragedhimtowritemorestoriessuchasAJourneytotheCenteroftheEarth(1864)andFromtheEarthtotheMoon(1865).
Inthe19thcentury,manypeoplewereinterestedinscienceandinventions.JulesVernewroteaboutscientificsubjectsinhisstoriesand,asaresult,theywereverypopular.Verne'swritingincludedmanypredictions(预言)forthe20thcenturyandmanyofthemcametrue.Hedescribedspaceflight,movies,andairconditioning,alongtimebeforetheyappeared.ThesebookswereverysuccessfulandtheymadeVernerich.
JulesVerne'sbookshavebeenthesubjectsformanymovies.20,000LeaguesundertheSeawasasuccessfulmovieforWaltDisney.ItwasthefirsttimethatDisneymoviehadusedrealactorsinsteadofcartoondrawings.AroundtheWorldinEightyDaysisanotherfamousmoviebasedononeofVerne'sbooks.ThemaincharacterisanEnglishmancalledPhileasFogg.Forhim,themostimportantthingistobealwaysontime!
(1)Whatdoesthephrase"thefatherofsciencefiction"mean?
A. Thefatherwhohasseveralchildren.
B. Themanwholovesscienceandinventions.
C. Thewriterwhosefatherwrotesciencefiction.
D. Themanwhofirststartedwritingsciencefictionsuccessfully.
(2)WhatencouragedJulesVernetowritemorestories?
A. Theplayshewroteforthetheater.
B. Theencouragementfromhisfather.
C. ThesuccessofFiveWeeksinaBalloon.
D. Thescientificsubjectsinhisstories.
(3)WhywereJulesVerne'sbooksverypopularinthe19thcentury?
A. Becausehisbooksmadehimrichandfamous.
B. Becausehewrotemanyplaysforthetheateratthattime.
C. Becausehisbookswerethesubjectsformanymovies.
D. Becausemanypeoplewereinterestedinscienceandinventions.
(4)WhichofthefollowinghasthemaincharactercalledPhileasFogg?
A. FiveWeeksinaBalloon.
B. AroundtheWorldinEightyDays.
C. AJourneytotheCenteroftheEarth.
D. FromtheEarthtotheMoon.
(5)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A. ThespaceflightVernedescribedwasdifferentfromothers.
B. ThemaincharactersinVerne'sbooksarealwaysontime.
C. JulesVerneonlywroteinthe19thcentury.
D. ManyofthepredictionsinVerne'sstoriescametrue.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)C
(3)D
(4)B
(5)D
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
许多人认为朱勒凡尔纳是科幻小说之父,他的父亲希望他能成为一名律师,但是当他二十岁的时候,凡尔纳决定成为一名作家,他的书写的非常受欢迎,朱勒凡尔纳的书已经成为许多电影的主题。
(1)词语理解题。
根据短语thefatherofsciencefiction科幻小说之父。
可知,JulesVerne被认为是第一个写科幻小说的人,故选D。
(2)细节理解题。
根据文中的语句hewroteastorycalledFiveWeeksinaBalloon.Thesuccessofthisbookencouragedhimtowritemorestories”可知故事FiveWeeksinaBalloon的成功让凡尔纳更有动力写更多的小说,故选C。
(3)细节理解题。
根据文中的语句由文中 Inthe19thcentury,manypeoplewereinterestedinscienceandinventions.JulesVernewroteaboutscientificsubjectsinhisstoriesand,asaresult,theywereverypopular. 可知在19世纪,许多人对科学和发明感兴趣。
儒勒·凡尔纳在他的小说中写下了科学主题,因此很受欢迎。
故选D。
(4)细节理解题。
根据文中的语句AroundtheWorldinEightyDaysisanotherfamousmoviebasedononeofVerne'sbooks.ThemaincharacterisanEnglishmancalledPhileasFogg.可知《八十天环游世界》是根据凡尔纳的一本书改编的另一部著名电影。
主角是一个叫斐利亚·福克的英国人。
故选B。
(5)理解判断题。
根据文中的语句Verne'swritingincludedmanypredictions(预言)forthe20thcenturyandmanyofthemcametrue.可知凡尔纳的作品包括了许多对20世纪的预言,其中许多预言都实现了,故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本题主要考查了细节理解题,词义理解归纳题以及判断题,做题的时候,先从题目中找到一个关键词,它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文,找到答案。
2.根据短文内容选择正确答案。
D
Ifyoucouldseeamovieofyourlifebeforeyoulivedit,wouldyouwanttoliveit?
Probablynot.Theexcitementoflivingisthatyoudon’tknowwhat’scoming.
Sure,it’shardtoseeuncertaintyinsuchpositive(积极的)lightwhenyou’reoutofwork,orwhenyoufeellikeyou’refailing.Butuncertaintyisreallyanotherwordforchance.
WhenAllisongraduatedfromHarvard,shehadchancesallovertheplacebuthadnoideawhatshewantedtodo.Shetookajobinconsulting(咨询),butsheknewshewouldn’tstaythere.ShetooktheGREandscoredsohighthatshewasabletoincreaseherincome(收入)byteachingstudents.Still,shedidn’tthinkshewantedtogotograduateschool.Allisonknewshewasn’tdoingwhatshewanted,butshedidn’tknowwhatshewanted.
Sheworried.Allherfriendsweregoingtograduateschoolorstartingtheirownbusinesses.Shewaslostandfeltthatshewouldneverfindanythingout.Aftersixyears,Allison,byhavingageneral(全面的)planinmind,gotmarried,movedtotheMidwest,andusedherconsultingexperiencetogetagreatjob.Allisonrealizedthatshespentheryearsfindingherway:
timewellspent,andtimewemustalltakeifwe’rebeinghonestwithourselves.
Theonlywaytoleadaninterestinglifeistofaceuncertaintyandmakeachoice.Otherwiseyourlifeisnotyourown—itisapathsomeoneelsehaschosen.Momentsofuncertaintyarewhenyoucreateyourlife,whenyoubecomewhoyouare.Uncertaintyusuallybeginswithajobhunt,butitdoesn’tendthere.Everynewrolewetakeonmeansanotherroundofuncertainty.Insteadoffearingit,youshouldfindsomewaystodealwithuncertainty.
(1)Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanlearnthat .
A. beingoutofworkisasadthing
B. uncertaintyiswhatmakeslifeinteresting
C. lifeinafilmismoreexcitingthanreallife.
D. chanceneverappearswhenweneedit
(2)WhattroublesAllisonaftergraduation?
A. Shecouldn’tfindawell-paidjob.
B. Shehadnomoneytostartabusiness.
C. Shewasnotsurewhattodo.
D. Shedidn’tscorehighenoughforgraduateschool.
(3)HowdidAllisonfeelabouthersixyears’workingexperience?
A. Uncertain.
B. Amazed.
C. Sorry.
D. Satisfied.
(4)Whatmaybediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?
A. Howtodealwithuncertainty.
B. Whatroleuncertaintyplaysinlife.
C. Whypeoplefearuncertainty.
D. Whomtogotowhenfacinguncertainty.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇关于人生的议论性短文。
短文以艾莉森为例描写了人生的不确定性,也正是正在不确定性才让我们的生活变得更加有趣。
但是短文最后并没有提出解决办法。
(1)细节理解。
根据Theexcitementoflivingisthatyoudon’tknowwhat’scoming.可知生活的刺激性正是因为他的不可预知性,故选B。
(2)细节理解。
根据buthadnoideawhatshewantedtodo.及下文描述可知选C。
(3)细节理解。
根据Allisonrealizedthatshespentheryearsfindingherway:
及本段描述可知选D。
(4)推理判断。
根据youshouldfindsomewaystodealwithuncertainty.及上文描述可知本段对不确定性进行了描述,但是并没有提出解决办法,故选A,如何处理不确定性。
点评:
阅读中,要注意作者的观点,注意根据关键语句了解作者要表达的观点。
然后带着问题,再读全文,完成阅读。
3.根据短文内容选择正确答案。
B
“Doyoubelieveinlifeafterdeath?
”Jack'sbossaskedJack.
“Yes,Sir.”
“Well,then,thatmakeseverythingjustfine,”thebosswenton.“Aboutanhourafteryouleftyesterdaytogotoyourgrandfather'sfuneral(葬礼),hedroppedintoseeyou.”
(1)WhatdoyouthinkJackdidthedaybefore?
A. Heattendedhisgrandfather'sfuneral.
B. Hedidnothingspecialandheworkedasusual.
C. Hemeanttoattendafuneralbutdidn't.
D. Hetoldalietogetthedayoff.
(2)WhatdoyouguessJack'sgrandfatherwasdoingthedaybefore?
A. Hehadbeendeadforsomedaysbutsuddenlycametolifeagain.
B. Hewasthoughttobedeadbutinfactwellandalive.
C. Hewasdoinghisusualbusiness.
D. HelearnedthatJackhadcheatedhisbossandcametoseehim.
(3)Whenthebosssaid,"Thatmakeseverythingjustfine",he_______.
A. meanthewasgladthatJack’sgrandfatherwasstillalive
B. was,infact,tellingJackthathehadbeenfoundout
C. was,infact,tellingJackthateverythingwasOK
D. meanthewasgladthatJackbelievedinlifeafterdeath
【答案】
(1)D
(2)C
(3)B
【解析】【分析】这是一个笑话,Jack借口参加祖父的葬礼而请假刚离开不久,他的祖父来看他。
老板借用人死后后灵魂来揭穿Jack的谎言。
(1)推理判断。
根据老板的话Aboutanhourafteryouleftyesterdaytogotoyourgrandfather’sfuneral(葬礼),hedroppedintoseeyou.可知他撒了谎,故选D。
(2)推理判断。
从对话中可知Jack的祖父是顺便来看他,dropin顺便走访。
故选C。
(3)推理判断。
老板这样说的意思是他在告诉Jack这样就能解释“你的祖父来看你”了,也就是告诉Jack他知道Jack说谎了。
故选B。
【点评】故事类阅读要紧扣故事的时间线索,人物间的关系,故事的发展和结局,点明的主旨等信息。
答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位,根据关键词查找信息,切忌主观臆断,凭感觉做题
4.阅读理解
It'shardtoturndownatastybanana.Theytastegoodandyoudon'thavetowashthembeforeeatingthem.However,Britishscientistssaythatthefruitmaydisappearby2050.
Onereasonforthisisclimate(气候)change.ScientistsattheUniversityofExetercollecteddata(数据)from27countriesandregionsthatproduce86percentoftheworld'sbananas.Theyfoundthatclimatechangehasimprovedgrowingconditionsin21ofthesecountries.Inthepast60years,theaverageyield(平均产量)hasreached1.37tonsofbananasperhectare(公顷).
However,iftemperatureskeeprising,thisadvantagewilldisappear.Tenofthecountries,includingIndia,theworld'sbiggestproducerofbananas,willproducefewerbananas.By2050,thefruitmaydieout.
Shouldn'tbananasgrowmoreeasilyifit'shotteroutside?
Infact,theperfecttemperaturerangeforgrowingbananasisbetween24and32C.Iftemperaturesgettoohigh,theywillstopgrowing.
Diseasesareanotherdangertobananas.Unlikeothercrops,thebananaswegrowcomefromshootcuttings(茎段)ratherthanseeds.Thismeansthatallbananaplantshavethesamegenotype(基因型).Inotherwords,ifadiseaseisabletokilloneplant,itcouldkillthemall.
OneseriousdiseaseiscalledPanama.Causedbyfungus(真菌)inthesoil,itspreadseasily.Ithas
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