最新高中英语阅读理解的技巧及练习题及练习题含答案.docx
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最新高中英语阅读理解的技巧及练习题及练习题含答案.docx
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最新高中英语阅读理解的技巧及练习题及练习题含答案
最新高中英语阅读理解的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
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Readtochildren
JointheUnitedWayandChildCareAwareinsupportingthedevelopmentandlearningofyoungchildren.Volunteersareneededtospend30minutesaweekreadingtochildrenandguidingrelatedactivitiesusingliteracykits(识字工具包)providedbyChildcareAwareofEasternKansas.Atwo-hourliteracytrainingwillbeprovided.Toensurecontinuityforthechildrenintheprogram,weareaskingthatvolunteersmakeasix-monthcommitment.PleasecontactShellyat865-5030,ext.301oratvolunteer@unitedwaydgco.org.
Gardenwithaneighbor
DouglasCountryHousingInc.islookingforvolunteerstoassistaseniormaninneedofhelpwithanovergrowngardenbeforewinterarrives.Onetotwohoursofyourtimewillmakeahugedifferenceinsomeone'squalityoflife.Nopreviousgardeningexperienceisrequired.Pleasee-mailrsovista@ldcha.orgorcall842-1533.
Feedyourfriends
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(1)Whatshouldpeopledoiftheychoosetoreadtochildren?
A. Gettrained. B. Makeaplan.
C. Promisetoteachdevotedly. D. Work30minutesaday.
(2)Ifyouliketohelpwithgardening,youcangetintouchwith________.
A. Theytakeplaceonholiday.
B. Theycanbereachedbyphone.
C. Theyareaboutseekingvolunteers.
D. Theyneedsomeexperience.
(3)Whatdothefouractivitieshaveincommon?
A. Theytakeplaceonholiday.
B. Theycanbereachedbyphone.
C. Theyareaboutseekingvolunteers.
D. Theyneedsomeexperience.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)B
(3)C
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。
本文主要介绍了四个志愿者的工作机会。
并且详细的介绍了每项工作的具体内容,工作时间,联系方式等。
(1)考查细节理解题。
由文中Readtochildren部分中的Atwo-hourliteracytrainingwillbeprovided可知,如果选择给孩子们读书就要接受一个小时的培训,故答案选A。
(2)考查细节理解题。
由文Gardenwithaneighbor部分中的Pleasee-mailrsovista@ldcha.orgorcall842-1533.可知,如果你想在园艺方面做志愿者,可以发邮件或者打电话联系。
故答案选B。
(3)考查推理判断题。
这四项工作后面都留有联系方式,可知他们都是想招募志愿者。
C选项正确。
【点评】英语阅读理解细节题具体方法与步骤:
①排除干扰项,突出主题。
事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论断,可先排除干扰项。
②按文章的体裁,作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词,如forexample,first,second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
③快速通篇跳读,自左至右,自上而下呈Z形扫视,直到找到细节出处,待找到含细节句子时,放慢速度,仔细核对比较内容,直至找到答案。
④注意识别指代词语。
为避免重复,文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语,如同义词、近义词、代词等。
2.阅读理解
Imagineyourclothingcouldreleaseenoughheattokeepyouwarmandcozy,allowingyoutostaycomfortableinacoolerroom.Or,pictureacarwindshieldthatstoresthesun'senergyandthenreleasesitasheattomaketheiceonthewindshielddisappear.
AccordingtoateamofresearchersatMIT,bothcasesmaybepossiblebeforelong,thankstoanewmaterialthatcanstoresolarenergyduringthedayandreleaseitlaterasheat.Thistransparentpolymerfilmcouldbeappliedtomanydifferentsurfaces,suchaswindowglassorclothing.
Solarenergyisonlyavailableabouthalfthetimeweneedit—duringdaylight.Forthesuntobecomeamajorpowerproviderforhumanneeds,therehastobeanefficientwaytosaveitupforuseduringnighttimeandstormydays.Mostsucheffortshavefocusedonstoringandrecoveringsolarenergyintheformofelectricity,butthenewfinding,byMlIprofessorJeffreyGrossman,PostdocDavidZhitomirskyandgraduatestudentEugeneCho,couldprovideahighlyefficientmethodforstoringthesun'senergythroughachemicalreactionandreleasingitlaterasheat.
Thekeytoenablinglong-term,stablestorageofsolarheat,theteamsaid,istostoreitintheformofachemicalchangeratherthanstoringtheheatitself.Butheatwilldisappearovertimenomatterhowgoodthematerialarounditis,sotheteamsetupachemicalstoragesystemthatcankeeptheenergyinastablemolecularconfiguration.Whenexposedtosunlight,themoleculescanstaythatwayforlongperiodsThen,whentriggered(触发)byaveryspecifictemperatureorsomethingelse,themoleculesreturntotheiroriginalshape,givingoffheatintheprocess.
Suchchemically-basedstoragematerials,knownasSolarThermalFuels(STF),havebeendevelopedbefore.Butthoseearliereffortsweredesignedtobeusedinliquidsolutionsandnotabletomakedurable(耐用的)solid-statefilms.Thenewapproachisthefirstbasedonasolid-statematerial,inthiscaseapolymer,andthefirstbasedoninexpensivematerialsandwidespreadproductiontechnology.
(1)WhatisthemainpurposeofParagraph1?
A.Toshowthemainideaofthepassage.
B.Topracticereaders'imagination.
C.Tointerestreadersinthepassage.
D.Tointroduceanewkindofmaterial.
(2)Accordingtothepassage,whatcanthepolymerfilmdo?
A.Itcanbemadeintowindowglass.
B.Itcanmakenecessaryelectricity.
C.Itcanstoreenergyandreleasesunshine.
D.Itcanabsorbsunshineandgiveoffheat.
(3)Accordingtothepassage,whatisSTFbasedon?
A.Thechemicalreaction.
B.Themovementofheat.
C.Theformofelectricity.
D.Thephysicalreaction.
(4)Whatistheadvantageofthemolecularconfiguration?
A.Itislessexpensive.
B.Itisverypowerful.
C.Itiseasilyavailable.
D.Itislesschangeable.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)D
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一种新型材料,它可以通过自身吸热并储存热量,之后能够根据需要释放热。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段“Imagineyourclothingcouldreleaseenoughheattokeepyouwarmandcozy,allowingyoutostaycomfortableinacoolerroom.Or,pictureacarwindshieldthatstoresthesun'senergyandthenreleasesitasheattomaketheiceonthewindshielddisappear.”想象一下你的衣服可以释放足够的热量让你温暖和舒适,让你可以在冰冷的房间里保持舒适。
或者,再想象一下车的挡风玻璃可以储存太阳的能量,然后释放热量使挡风玻璃上的冰消失)可推测,本段以衣服和骑车挡风玻璃为例,提到了如果衣服能够吸热和放热、汽车的挡风玻璃能够吸热和自动除冰那该是多么好的事,以此来吸引对着对本文的兴趣。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“thankstoanewmaterialthatcanstoresolarenergyduringthedayandreleaseitlaterasheat.Thistransparentpolymerfilmcouldbeappliedtomanydifferentsurfaces,suchaswindowglassorclothing.”多亏了这种能在白天吸热之后以热能形式释放的新型材料,这个透明的聚合物膜可以应用于许多不同的表面,如窗户玻璃或服装)可知,这种聚合物膜可以吸热,此后再以热能的形式释放出来。
故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的“Suchchemically-basedstoragematerials,knownasSolarThermalFuels(STF),havebeendevelopedbefore.”这种以化学反应为基础的储存材料,即太阳能热燃料(STF),以前就已经被开发出来了,可知,STF是以化学反应为基础。
故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“Butheatwilldisappearovertimenomatterhowgoodthematerialarounditis,sotheteamsetupachemicalstoragesystemthatcankeeptheenergyinastablemolecularconfiguration.”但是热量会随着时间的推移而消失,不管周围的物质有多好,所以研究小组建立了一个化学储存系统,可以将能量保持在一个稳定的分子结构中)可推断,这种分子结构的优势是相对稳定。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇科普类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Richcountriesareracingtodematerialisepayments.Theyneedtodomoretopreparefortheside-effects.
Forthepast3,000years,whenpeoplethoughtofmoneytheythoughtofcash.Overthepastdecade,however,digitalpaymentshavetakenoff—tappingyourplasticonaterminalorswipingasmartphonehasbecomenormal.Nowthisrevolutionisabouttoturncashintoanendangeredspeciesinsomericheconomies.Thatwillmaketheeconomymoreefficient—butitalsocausesnewproblemsthatcouldholdbackthetransition(转型).
Countriesareremovingcashatvaryingspeeds.InSwedenthenumberofretailcashtransactionperpersonhasfallenby80%inthepasttenyears.Americaisperhapsadecadebehind.Outsidetherichworld,cashisstillking.Buteventhereitsleadingroleisbeingchallenged.InChinadigitalpaymentsrosefrom4%ofallpaymentsin2012to34%in2017.
Cashisdyingoutbecauseoftwoforces.Oneisdemand—youngerconsumerswantpaymentsystemsthatplugeasilyintotheirdigitallives.Butequallyimportantisthatsupplierssuchasbanksandtechfirms(indevelopedmarkets)andtelecomscompanies(inemergingones)aredevelopingfast,easy-to-usepaymenttechnologiesfromwhichtheycanpulldataandpocketfees.Thereisahighcosttorunningtheinfrastructurebehindthecasheconomy—ATMs,vanscarryingnotes,tellerswhoacceptcoins.Mostfinancialfirmsarekeentoabandonit,ordiscourageold-fashionedcustomerswithheavyfees.
Inthemain,theprospectofacashlesseconomyisexcellentnews.Cashisinefficient.Whenpaymentsdematerialise,peopleandshopsarelessopentotheft.Italsocreatesacredithistory,helpingconsumersborrow.
Yetsetagainstthesebenefitsareacoupleofworries.Electronicpaymentsystemsmayrisktechnicalfailures,powerfailureandcyber-attacks.Inacashlesseconomythepoor,theelderlyandcountryfolkmaybeleftbehind.Andadigitalsystemcouldletgovernmentswatchoverpeople'sshoppinghabitsandprivatemultinationalsexploittheirpersonaldata.
(1)Somerichcountriesaretryingto .
A. dematerializemoney
B. getridoftheside-effectsofcash
C. maketheeconomymoreefficientbyprotectingendangeredspecies
D. promotepaymentwithoutpapermoneyorcoins
(2)Inparagraph3,severalcountriesarementionedtoshow .
A. thedifferencesbetweendevelopedanddevelopingcountries
B. thatcashisstillking
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