X62W万能铣床电气控制原理图及过程.docx
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X62W万能铣床电气控制原理图及过程.docx
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X62W万能铣床电气控制原理图及过程
X62W万能铣床电气控制原理图及过程
ElectriccontrolobjectofX62Wuniversalmillingmachine
X62Whorizontalgeneralmillingmachineelectricaldiagram.Themachineconsistsofthreemotors:
M1spindlemotorinelectricstartingandbrakingcontroltoachievequickstopcontrol,inordertocompletethemillinganddownmilling,alsoneedtoreversecontrol,alsoneedtocompletethetemporarybrakespindlespeedchangeoperationprocess.
M2isatablefeedmotor,X62Wuniversalmillingmachineleveltableandroundtable,theleveloftheworktablecanrealizelongitudinalfeeding(abouttwofeeddirection),transversefeed(beforeandafterthetwofeedingdirection)andverticalfeed(twoupperandlowerfeeddirection),roundtablerotationthefourmovement,themillingmachinecanhaveonlyonefeedmovement(commonmillingmachinecannotrealizethelinkageoftwoormoremultiplefeedmovement),throughhorizontaltableoperatinghandle,rotaryworkingtable,verticalfeedswitchoperatinghandle,doublecrossoperationhandlesselected,aftertheselectionofM2ispositivetheselectedtwofeeddirectionfeedmotion.
YAisafasttractionelectromagnet.Whenthetractionelectromagnetcoilisenergized,thetractionelectromagnetbyconnectingthecontrolunitintheclutchofrapidtraction,makehorizontaltableandfastclutchisconnectedtoachieverapidmovement,whentheYApower,thelevelofworktablefromtheclutch,slowmovingrecovery.
M3isthecoolingpumpmotor.ThecoolingpumpmotorcanstartonlyafterthespindlemotorM1isstarted.
SymbolsandfunctionsofelectricalcomponentsforX62Wuniversalmillingmachines
Electricalcomponents,symbols,namesanduses,electricalcomponents,symbols,namesanduses
M1spindlemotorSQ6feedspeedchangecontrolswitch
M2feedmotorSQ7spindlespeedchangebrakeswitch
M3coolingpumpmotorSA1roundworktablechange-overswitch
KM1coolingpump,motorstartingandstoppingcontrolcontactor,SA3coolingpumpchange-overswitch
KM2reversecontactbrakecontrolcontactorSA4lightswitch
KM3mainmotorstartstopcontrolcontactorSA5mainshaftreversingswitch
KM4,KM5feedingmotor,forwardandreversecontrolcontactor,QSpowerisolatingswitch
TheKM6quickshiftcontrolcontactorSB1andSB2aredividedintotwospindlestartbuttons
TheKSspeedrelaySB3andSB4aredividedintotwospindlestopbuttons
YAquickmovingelectromagnetcoil,SB5andSB6worktable,quickmovingbutton
RcurrentlimitingresistorFR1spindlemotorthermalrelay
SQ1table,rightfeedstrokeswitch,FR2feedmotor,thermalrelay
SQ2table,leftfeedstrokeswitch,FR3coolingpump,thermalrelay
TheSQ3worktableforwardsandforwardstothetravelswitchTCtransformer
TheSQ4tablefeedsbackwardanddownwardthetripswitchFU1~FU4fuse
Two、powercircuitreading
1.spindlerotationcircuit
Thethree-phasepowersupplypassesthroughtheFU1fuse,
ThemaincircuitoftheX62WuniversalmillingmachineisintroducedbythepowerisolatingswitchQS.Inthespindlerotationzone,theFR1istheheatingelementofthethermalrelay,whichactsasanoverloadprotection.
WhentheKM3maincontactisclosedandtheKM2maincontactisdisconnected,theSA5combinationswitchhasthreetransitionpositionsofforwardmilling,stopandreversemilling,respectivelycontrollingtheforwardrotation,stopandreverseofthemainmotoroftheM1
.OncetheKM3maincontactisdisconnectedandtheKM2maincontactisclosed,thepowersupplycurrentisreversedbytheKM2maincontactandthetwo-phasecurrentlimitingresistorRunderthecooperationoftheKSspeedrelay.
WithKSspeedrelaydetectingelementmainmotormountedcoaxiallytothemainmotorspeedcontrol,accordingtotheclosingspeedofthemainmotordockingincontrolcircuitofspeedrelaycontactsKS1,KS2anddisconnectedcontrol.
2.feedmotioncircuit
WhentheKM4maincontactisclosedandtheKM5maincontactisdisconnected,theM2motoristurning.Conversely,whentheKM4maincontactisdisconnectedandtheKM5maincontactisclosed,theM2motorreverses.
DuringtheperiodofM2positive,KM6maincontactisintheoffstate,workingtableofgearboxinslowtransmissionlineandM2motorconnectedthroughtheworktable,slowautomaticfeed;oncetheKM6maincontactclosedYAfastfeedelectromagnettable,electromagneticclutchandgearboxinfastmotioninlinewiththeM2motorisconnectedthrough,theworktablemovesquickly.
3.coolingpumpcircuit
KM1maincontactclosed,M3coolingpumpmotorone-wayoperation;KM1disconnect,thenM3stop.Inthemaincircuit,M1,M2andM3areallvoltagestart.
Three、controllinereading
TheprimarysideoftheTCtransformerisconnectedwithanACvoltage,andthetwosideisrespectivelyconnectedwiththe127Vandthe36Vtwopathsandthetwocrosscurrents,whereinthe36Vsuppliesthelightingcircuit,andthe127Vissuppliedtothecontrolline.
1.spindlemotorcontrol
1)spindlemotorstartingwithfullvoltage
ThespindlemotorM1adoptsfullpressurestartingmode.Beforestarting,themotorswitchisselectedbythecombinationswitchSA5,andthespindlemotorisinnormalworkingmodewhentheSQ71isdisconnectedfromthecontrolcircuitandtheSQ72isclosed.
PressSB1orSB2,throughthe3,8,12,SB1(orSB2),13,14branch,theKM3coilisconnected,andthe16sectionoftheKM3normallyopenauxiliarycontactsclosedtoformself-locking.Inthespindlerotationcircuit,themainmotorM1isselectedaccordingtoSA5fortheKM3maincontacttobeclosed.
2)spindlemotorbrakecontrol
WhentheSB3orSB4ispressed,theKM3coilisdisconnectedduetotheopeningofthebranchcircuit,resultinginthedisconnectionoftheKM3maincontactinthespindlerotationcircuit.
Becausethe11zoneand13controlcircuitrespectivelyconnectedtotwoKSspeedcontrolrelaycontactKS1(positivecontact),KS2(reversecontact).WhenSB3orSB4ispressed,oneofthecontactsintheKS1orKS2contactswillbeclosedduetothehigherspindlespeed,i.e.,whentheKS1isbeingbraked,theKS2willbeclosedwhilethebrakeisreversed.TheKM2coilwillbeenergizedwhenthebrakeisreversedthroughthe8,SB3,11,9,KM3,and10branches,reversingthebraking,via8,SB4,9,KM3,and10branches,
CausestheKM2maincontacttobeclosedinthespindlerotationcircuit.
SpindlerotationcircuitKM3disconnectthemaincontactatthesametime,KM2maincontactisclosed,thespindlemotorM1accessthroughreversebrakingcurrentlimitingcurrent,thebrakingtorquegeneratedinthemotorrotorM1,offsetKM3maincontactbreakinginertiatorqueontherotortomakerapiddecelerationM1.
WhentheM1speedisclosetothezerospeed,theKS1orKS2contactswhichareoriginallykeptclosedwillbedisconnected,andtheKM2coilwillbecutoffduetothedisconnectionofthebranchcircuit,sothatthebrakingtorqueintherotorwillberemovedintime,andthespindlemotorM1willbestopped.
SB1andSB3,SB2andSB4twopairsofbuttonsarelocatedontheX62Wuniversalmillingmachinetwooperationpanels,toachievethespindlemotorM1controlofthetwoplaces.
3)spindlespeedchangebrakingcontrol
Whenthemainshaftischanged,theutilitymodelcanbecarriedoutwhenthemainshaftisstoppedorthemainshaftisoperated.Whenthespindleisinoperation,pullingouttheshifthandlewillcausethegearshiftswitchSQ71andSQ72tobetouched,i.e.,theSQ71isclosedandtheSQ72isdisconnected.SQ72isthefirsttodisconnecttheKM2branchoftheKM3coilinthe12zone,andthenSQ71throughthe3,7,KM3,and10branchessothatthe15coilisenergized.
Inthespindlerotationcircuit,theKM3maincontactisfirstlybroken,andtheKM2maincontactisclosed,andthemainmotorM1isturnedbacktobrake,andthespeedisrapidlyloweredandstopped,soastoensurethesmoothchangeofthemainshaft.
Afterthemaintransmissioniscompleted,theshifthandleispushedbackandtheKM2maincontactisfirstbroken.TheKM3maincontactisclosedandthespindlemotorM1isreoperatedatthenewspeed.
2.feedmotorM2control
Acontactonlyinthe14~16areaSB1,SB2,KM3threeinthecontactremainsclosed,KM3coiltopower,andthecoilKM3isenergizedafterthecontrollinefeedcontrolareaandfastfeedareainordertoaccessthecurrentpart,namelytheX62Wuniversalmillingmachinetoolfeedandfastmovingonlyinthespindlemotorstartrunningbefore.
1)horizontalfeedingtablelongitudinalfeedcontrol
Horizontaltableaboutlongitudinalfeed,themachinecontrolpanelonthecompositecrosshandleto"middle"position,makethebenchandtransversemechanicalclutch,andatthesametimebeforeandafterfeedingupanddownfeedingmechanicalclutch;andaroundtableswitchSA1on"off"position,makearoundtablewithroundworkarotatingmechanicalclutchisdisengagedfromthestate.Aftertheaboveoperationiscompleted,theverticalfeedingmotionofthehorizontaltablecanbecontrolledbythelongitudinaloperatinghandleandthestrokeswitchSQ1andSQ2.
Theverticaloperationhandlehasthreeoperatingpositions:
left,stopandright.Whenthehandleintothe"middle"position,thelongitudinalmechanicalclutchswitch,SQ11(19),SQ12(20),SQ21(21),SQ22(20)isnotpressed,KM4andKM5coilsareintheoffstate,themaincircuitofKM4andKM5maincontactdisconnectmotorM2can'trotatetableinastoppedstate.
Whenthelongitudinalhandleispulledtotherightposition,thelongitudinalfeedmechanicalclutchisclosedandthetravelswitchSQ1ispressed(SQ11closedandSQ12disconnected).
BecausetheSA1isplacedonthe"off"position,theSA11isclosedandtheKM4coilis
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