语言学复习题.docx
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语言学复习题.docx
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语言学复习题
Chapter1Invitationstolinguistics
一、选择题
1.、Alllanguageshavethreemajorcomponents,whicharenotincluding___D
A、asoundsystemB、asystemoflexicogrammarC、asystemofsemanticsD、asystemofpragmatics
2、By____Bitmeansthatlanguagecanbeusedtorefertothingswhicharepresentornotpresent,realorimagined,mattersinthepast,present,orfuture,orinfar-awayplaces.
A、arbitrarinessB、displacementC、creativityD、duality
3、Languageisasystemconsistingofhaving___Blevelsofstructures.
A、oneB、twoC、threeD、four
4、Languageisasystemof___Avocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.
A.arbitraryB.specificC、organizedD、regular
5、Thewidelyacceptedmeaningofarbitrarinesswasfirstproposedby____C
A、HumboldtB、HallidayC、SaussureD、Chomsky
6、Arbitrarinessmeansthatthereisnologicalconnectionbetween____D.
A、wordsandsoundsB、writingsandmeaningsC、conventionsandsoundsD、meaningsandsounds
7、Languageis___B_arbitraryatthesyntacticlevel.Syntaxis___arbitrarythanwords.
A、/,lessB、not,lessC、not,moreD、/,more
8、Whatisthelinkbetweenalinguisticsignanditsmeaning?
—___C
A.ArbitrarinessB.DualityC、ConventionalityD.Creativity
9、_A___oflanguagemakesitpotentiallycreativity,and___oflanguagemakeslearningalanguagelaborious.
A.Arbitrariness,conventionalityB.Conventionality,arbitrariness
C.Duality,conventionalityD.Conventionality,duality
10.Forlearnersofaforeignlanguage,itisthe__A_ofalanguagethatismoreworthnoticingthanitsarbitrariness.
A.ConventionalityB.DualityC.DisplacementD.Creativity
11.Weknowlanguageisduality.TheB___unitsare___andthe___unitshave___meaning.
A.secondary,meaningful;primary,unidentifiable
B.secondary,meaningless;primary,identifiable
C.primary,meaningless;secondary,unidentifiable
D.primary,meaningful;secondary,identifiable
12.Thepropertyofdualityonlyexistsinasystem,namely,withboth_C__and___
A.pronunciations,elementsB.units,meanings
C.elements,unitsD.elements,meanings
13.Totalkabout_B__wemustnoticethatlanguageishierarchical.
A.displacementB.dualityC.creativityD.arbitrariness
14.A(An)___Disthesmallestunitthatisnormallyspokenbyitself.
A.affixB.wordC.morphemeD.Syllable
15.__C__isthephysicalmanifestationofthe‘infiniteuseoffinitemeans’.
A.CreativityB.DisplacementC.StratificationD.Arbitrariness
16.Wecanperceivetheadvantageof__B__,whichliesinthegreatproductivepowerourlanguageisendowedwith.
A.displacementB.dualityC.creativityD.arbitrariness
17.Bycreativitywemeanlanguageisresourcefulbecauseofits__D_andits___.
A.recursiveness,displacementB.conventionality,arbitrariness
C.arbitrariness,dualityD.duality,recursiveness
18.The__C_oflanguagepartlyoriginatesfromitsduality.
A.displacementB.conventionalityC.creativityD.arbitrariness
19.Becauseof__B_thespeakerisabletocombinethebasiclinguisticunitstoformaninfinitesetofsentences,mostofwhichareneverbeforeproducedorheard.
A.displacementB.dualityC.creativityD.arbitrariness
20.The_C__natureoflanguageprovidesatheoreticalbasisforthispossibility.
A.creativeB.productiveC.recursiveD.potential
21.__A__meansthathumanlanguagesenabletheiruserstosymbolizeobject,eventsandconceptswhicharenotpresentatthemomentofcommunication.
A.DisplacementB.DualityC.CreativityD.Arbitrariness
22.__A__benefitshumanbeingsbygivingthemthepowertohandlegeneralizationsandabstractions.
A.DisplacementB.DualityC.CreativityD.Arbitrariness
23.Onomatopoeicwordsseemtobeaconvenientevidenceforthe__B__theory.
A.pooh-poohB.bow-bowC.yo-he-hoD.sing-song
24.Whodefinedthesixprimaryfactorsofanyspeechevent?
_B__
A.ChomskyB.JakobsonC.HallidayD.Saussure
25.Whoproposesthetheoryofmetafunctionsoflanguage?
__C_
A.ChomskyB.JakobsonC.HallidayD.Saussure
26.Hallidayproposesthetheoryofmetafunctionsoflanguage,whichfunctionofthefollowingisnotincluding?
___D_
A.ideationalB.interpersonalC.textualD.referential
27.Thefunctionwhichconstructsamodelofexperienceaswellaslogicalrelationsis__A__
A.ideationalfunctionB.interpersonalfunction
C.textualfunctionD.referentialfunction
28.Hallidayproposed___C_categoriesoflanguagefunctionsbyobservingchildlanguagedevelopment.
A.fiveB.sixC.sevenD.eight
29.Theinterpersonalfunctionissuchabroadcategorythatitisoftendiscussedundervariousotherterms.Whichtermisnotincluded?
__D__
A.performativeB.emotiveC.expressiveD.informative
30.Ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedonthe___C___investigationoflanguagedata.
A.symbolicB.systemicC.systematicD.system
31.Alinguistictheoryisconstructedaboutwhat__C__isandhowitworks.
A.langueB.linguistC.languageD.learning
32.Thestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalled___B__linguistics.
A.ParticularB.generalC.ordinaryD.generative
33.Thestudyofsoundsusedinlinguisticcommunicationiscalled__B__
A.phoneticsB.phonologyC.phonemeD.phone
34.Traditionalgrammarregardsthe___B___formoflanguageasprimary,notthespokenform.
A.oralB.writtenC.writingD.vocal
35.Thedescriptionofalanguageatsomepointintimeisa__A__study.
A.synchronicB.diachronicC.historicalD.comparative
36.AccordingtoF.deSaussure,__C__referstotheabstractlinguistic.
A.paroleB.performanceC.langueD.Language
37.Languageisarbitraryinthatthereisnologicalconnectionbetweenmeaningsand___B___
A.wordsB.soundsC.objectsD.ideas
38.Languageis__D__inthatitmakespossibletheconstructionandinterpretationofnewsignalsbyitsusers.
A.instructiveB.constructiveC.intuitiveD.productive
39.Languageispassedonfromonegenerationtothenextthrough__D__,ratherthanbyinstinct.
A.learningB.teachingC.onlylearningD.bothAandB
40.__D__functionconstructsamodelofexperienceandlogicalrelations.
A.InterpersonalB.TextualC.MetalingualD.Ideational
41.__C__functionreferstoexpressionsthathelpdefineandmaintaininterpersonalrelations.
A.PerformativeB.InterpersonalC.PhaticD.Metalingual
42.Thesetofpossibilityfor"doing"istermed__A__fromafunctionallanguage'sview.
A.linguisticpotentialB.communicativecompetence
C.competenceD.langue
43.__D__isrealizedbymoodandmodality.
A.RecreationalfunctionB.Performativefunction
C.InformativefunctionD.Interpersonalfunction
44.Humanlanguageisdifferentfromanimalcommunicationsystemsbecauseitis__B__.
A.underimmediatestimuluscontrolB.stimulusfree
C.stimulusboundD.stimulatedbysomeoccurrenceofcommunalinterest
45.__B__proposesatheoryofmetafunctionsoflanguage,thatis,languagehasIDEATIONAL,INTERPERSONAL,andTEXTUALfunctions.
A.ChomskyB.HallidayC.BloomfieldD.JohnLyons
46.Whataspeakeractuallysaysonaparticularoccasiontoaparticularindividualiswhathehasselectedfromthemanypossiblethingshecouldhavesaid.Thisactualselectionofthingsfromwhatonecouldhavesaidistermed__B__
A.competenceB.actuallinguisticbehavior
C.communicativecompetenceD.linguisticpotential
47.Thestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalled__C__.
A.SynchroniclinguisticsB.Diachroniclinguistics
C.GenerallinguisticsD.Macrolinguistics
48.__C__studiestherulesgoverningthecombinationofwordsintosentences.
A.PragmaticsB.SemanticsC.SyntaxD.Phonetics
49.__D__isabranchoflinguisticsconcernedinprinciplewiththephysicalrepresentationoflanguageorlinguisticprocessesinthebrain.
A.AnthropologicallinguisticsB.Psycholinguistics
C.ComputationallinguisticsD.Neurolinguistics
50.Theinformativefunctionispredominantlythemajorroleoflanguage;itisalsocalled__A__functionintheframeworkoffunctionalgrammar.
A.ideationalB.descriptiveC.prescriptiveD.textual
二、Answerthefollowing
1.Whydohumanlanguageshavethe4designfeatures?
2.Whatfunctionisthefundamentalandthemostimportantfunctionoflanguage?
Whatistherelationshipamongallthefunctionsoflanguage?
3.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthelinguisticstructureandthefunctionsoflanguage?
Chapter2
1theobjectofphoneticsstudiesdoesn’tcontaintheofthespeechsounds
AproducedBtransmittedCperceivedDreceived
2wecandividethestudyofphoneticsintothreemainparts.whichonedoesnotinclude?
AarticulatoryBtransmittedCperceptualorauditoryDacoustic
3Accordingtophonetician,A.C.Gimsoll’stheorysystem,thereare44phonemes,amongofwhichitincludesconsonants
A10B15C24D30
4whihspeechorganisnotinvolvedintheproductionofspeechsounds
AlungsBwindpipeCtongueDthroat
5thethreecavitiesofvocaltractdoesnotinclude.
ApharynxBmouthCnoseDlungs
6inphonetic,thetonguecandividefiveparts.inphonology,thecorrespondingsoundsmadewiththesepartsofthetonguereferredasthreespeechsounds.Thefollowingdoesnotinclude
AretroflexBcoronalCdorsalDRadical
7atthetopofthetracheaisthe,thefrontofwhichisprotrudinginmalesandknowasthe“Adam’sApple”
AuvulaBpharynxCepiglottisDlarynx
8thefocalfoldshasthreekindsofopenandcloseconditions.whichoneisnotitscondition?
AapartBclosetogetherCtotallyapartDtotallyclose
9whenthevocalfoldsareapart,theaircanpassthrougheasilyandthesoundproducedissaidtobe
AvoicelessBvoicedCvowelDconsonants
10whenthevocalfoldsareclosetogether,theairstreamcausesthemtovibrateagainsteachotherandtheresultantsoundissaidtobe
AvoicelessBvoicedCvowelDconsonants
11whichoneisnotthevoi
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