03定语从句和名词性从句.docx
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03定语从句和名词性从句.docx
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03定语从句和名词性从句
专题三定语从句和名词性从句
第一部分体验高考
A组山东历年高考真题组
1、【2012山东】23.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof________havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.
A.themB.thatC.whichD.What
2、(12山东).Whenyouaredonewiththebook,justgiveittoLucyorHelenor__________.
A.whoeverB.whereverC.whateverD.however
3、(12山东)25.Itdoesn’tmatter________youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.
A.howB.whetherC.whatD.why
4、【2011山东32】Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.
A.theyB.whereC.whatD.That
5、【2011山东33】We’veofferedherthejob,butIdon’tknow______she’llacceptit.
A.whereB.what.whetherD.which
6、(10山东)24.That’sthenewmachine______partsaretoosmalltobeseen.
A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.What
7、〖10山东〗26.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof______mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.
A.whyB.whatC.howD.Which
8、
(09山东)24.WheneverImether,_________wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.
A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that
9、〖09山东〗Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain_________shewasandwaitforhermother.
A.whereB.whatC.howD.who
10、(08山东)26.Occasionsarequiterare____Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.
A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when
11、(08山东)23._______wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.
A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As
12、(07山东)30.---Wheredidyougettoknowher?
---Itwasonthefarm__________weworked.
A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where
13、(07山东)35.Thebookwaswrittenin1946,______theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatcharges.
A.whenB.duringwhichC.sincethenD.sincewhen
14、(07山东)22.CouldIspeakto______isinchargeofInternationalSales,please?
A.anyoneB.someoneC.whoeverD.nomatterwho
15、(06山东)26.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint______bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.
A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which
16、(06山东)27.______teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.
A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhichC.WhateverD.Whichever
17、(06山东)32.Ijustwonder_________thatmakeshimsoexcited.
A.whyitdoesB.whathedoesC.howitisD.whatitis
命题规律
年份
题量
考点
名词性从句
定语
从句
主语
从句
宾语
从句
表语
从句
同位语
从句
2006
1
1
1
2007
1
2
2008
1
1
2009
1
1
2010
1
1
2011
1
1
2012
1
1
1
B组2012年全国高考真题组
【2012天津卷】7.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without_______helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.
A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which
【2012辽宁卷】34.ThenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedforhecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.
A.whereverB.howeverC.whateverD.whichever
【2012四川卷】17.Scientistsstudy____humanbrainsworktomakecomputers.
A.whenB.howC.thatD.whether
【2012山东卷】23.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof________havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.
A.themB.thatC.whichD.What
【2012山东卷】25.Itdoesn’tmatter________youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.
A.HowB.whetherC.whatD.why
【2012福建卷】23.Theairqualityinthecity,________isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.
A.thatB.itC.asD.what
【2012福建卷】35.Wepromiseattendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.
A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever
【2012浙江】17.Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature,_____,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.
A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom
【2012浙江】9.Weliveinanagemoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.
A.WhyB.whenC.towhomD.onwhich
【2012浙江卷】4.Imadeapromisetomyself______thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.
A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.how
【2012江苏卷】22.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,_______urgentlyneededcleanwater,
medicineandsheltertosurvive.
A.whichB.whoC.whereD.What
【2012江苏卷】27.___Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon______themeetingwouldbepostponed.
A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.how
【2012重庆】34.Evdencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy______children’searlysleepingproblemlikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.
A.whyB.howC.whetherD.that
【2012安徽卷】27.Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but
hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.
A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why
【2012全国新课程】24.Itisbynomeansclearthepresidentcandotoendthestrike.
A.howB.whichC.thatD.what
【2012安徽卷】29.Alotoflanguagelearning,hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.
A.asB.itC.whichD.this
【2012安徽卷】27.Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but
hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.
A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why
【2012江西卷】28.By16:
30,______wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.
A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that
【2012江西卷】25.Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimhehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.
A.whetherB.whereC.whichD.that
【2012湖南】34.Careofthesoulisagradualprocess_____eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.
A.whatB.inwhatC.whichD.inwhich
【2012湖南】6.Everyoneinthevillageisveryfriendly.Itdoesn'tmatter____youhavelivedthereforashortoralongtime.
A.whyB.howC.whetherD.when
【重庆】29.Salesdirectorisaposition____commuincationabilityisjustasimportantassales
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where
【2012四川卷】13.Inourclassthereare46students,_____halfwearglasses.
A.inwhomB.inthemC.ofwhomD.ofthem
【2012陕西卷】14.Itisthethirdtimethatshehaswontherace,______hassurprisedusall.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what
【2012北京卷】26.Whendeeplyabsorbedinwork,______heoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
【2012全国II】8.Thatevening,_____Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when
【2012陕西卷】20.Asmanyfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose______suitsyoubest.
AwhateverB.whicheverC.wheneverD.wherever
【2012天津】9、Itdoesn’tmatter_______youturnrightorleftatthecrossing-—bothroadsleadtothepark.
A.whtherB.howC.ifD.when
【2012北京】24.Jerrydidnotregretgivingthecommentbutfelt______hecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.
A.whyB.howC.thatD.whether
第二部分考点梳理
考纲解读
◆定语从句在高考中的考查重点:
1.that与which引导的定语从句的区别;
2.who、whom与whose引导的定语从句的区别;
3.关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句的区别;
4.对“as”引导定语从句的考查;
5.such…as与such…that的区别;thesame…as与thesame…that的区别;
6.对“介词+关系代词”的考查;
7.theway作先行词时,定语从句的引导词作状语用inwhich,that或者省略;
8.含有插入语的定语从句;
9.与并列句、状语从句、同位语从句以及与强调句型的混合考查。
◆名词性从句在高考中的考查重点:
1.that和what引导名词性从句的区别;
2.名词从句的语序和时态;
3.it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况;
4.宾语从句的否定转移;
5.whether和if的用法区别;
6.what在名词性从句中的使用;
7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用;
8.Who/whoever,what/whatever等的用法区别;
9.连接词that的省略;
一、定语从句
考点荟萃
定语从句一直是高考的热点和焦点,考点主要集中在以下几个方面:
定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择;非限制性定语从句中as和which的选择;以抽象地点、抽象时间名词作先行词的定语从句中关系词的使用;定语从句和强调结构的综合考查。
正面解读
一、定语从句的基本概念
定语从句中繁多的术语、复杂的关系一直困扰着很多学生,考试时也常为此出错。
因此我们首先要理解定语从句的三个基本概念及它们之间的关系。
定语从句:
修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,它实际上起了形容词的作用。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
先行词:
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
关系词:
引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
高考常关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as和关系副词when,where,why。
如:
Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.
ThisisaschoolwhereIstudiedyearsago.
由示例可知,关系代(副)词是定语从句的连接枢纽,在定语从句中起了三层作用:
①引导定语从句,②替代先行词,③在从句中作成分。
关系代词代替先行词在从句中作主语、宾语等;关系副词代替先行词在定语从句中作状语。
关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作什么成分是判断该用关系代词还是关系副词的依据。
因此把先行词正确还原到定语从句中是做定语从句题很重要的一个技巧。
二、关系代词、关系副词一览表
注意:
that和which的用法区别
1.只用which不用that的情况
(1)在非限制性定语从句中,which既可代表先行词又可代表前面的一整句话,译成“这一点,这一件事”。
(2)在介词后面。
(3)先行词是代词that或those时。
2.只用that不用which的情况
【观察】1.Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyouintown?
2.Allthebooksthathaveselectedareusefulones.
3.Thefirstthing(that)weshoulddoistoworkouttheplan.
4.ThisisoneofthemostexcitingtabletennisgamesthatIhaveeverseen.
5.Thelastplacethatwevisitedinthecountrysidewasafarm.
6.Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschool.
7.Whothathasseenthefilmdoesn’tlikeit?
8.Thisisthewaythatmyfatherdidthiswork.
9.Myhometownisnotthevillagethatitwas.
【归纳】1.当先行词是everything,anything,nothing(something除外),all,none,few,little,some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等词修饰时。
如:
HaveyousetdowneverythingthatMrLisaid?
Thereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld.
注意:
当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who。
如:
Anymanthat/whohasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing.
Allthegueststhat/whowereinvitedtoherweddingwereimportantpeople.
2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,只用that。
3.如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词,并同时兼指人和物时,关系代词用that。
4.先行词被theonly,thelast,theway等修饰时用that。
5.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。
如:
Whoisthemanthatisstandinginfrontofthecrowd?
WhichistheroomthatMrWanglivesin?
6.当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。
如:
Lookatthemanandhisdonkeythatarewalkingupthestreet.
7.当先行词是way(方法)时,关系代词常用that代替inwhich,也常可省略。
如:
Sheadmiredtheway(that)theysolvedtheproblems.
8.当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时且关系词又做从句表语,只用that来引导.
如:
Shenzhenisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.
【小试】用适当的关系词完成下列句子。
1.Theonlybook_____-Iwanttoreadismissing.
2.Thisisthesecondbook____Ihaveeverwritten.
3.Thisisall_____Iwanttosayatthemeeting.
4.Haveyouanynovels______areworthreading?
5.Let’stalkaboutthepersonsandthethings_____wecanremember.
6.Everything______wehaveseeninChinaismoving.
7.Ihavenothing______isworthreading.
8.Who_____youhaveeverseencanbeathiminchess?
3.先行词是人时,只用who,不用
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