六年级下英语首字母阅读理解专项练习教案.docx
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六年级下英语首字母阅读理解专项练习教案.docx
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六年级下英语首字母阅读理解专项练习教案
六年级下首字母阅读理解专项练习教案
阅读理解
【知识梳理】
(一)、首字母常考词性:
首字母常考词性:
名词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、代词、连词
(二)、首字母填空阶梯训练法
Step1:
掌握七种句子成分与七种词性之间的对应关系。
通过对单一成分的分类练习,掌握该句子成分与何
种词性相对应。
词性正确是答案正确的前提。
Step2:
在牢记了七种句子成分与十种词性的对应关系之后,多做综合的“用所给单词的正确形式填空”,
有利于提高对句子成分的判断能力。
熟练掌握词性转化的技巧是通向首字母填空的第二步。
Step3:
锻炼自己的发散和归纳思维的能力,或称为“猜谜”的能力。
2、专题知识精讲
以下对各词性的作用仅从首字母的方向进行分析,不大全,求适用。
(一)对名词的判断
1.Seeingisbelieving.ving动名词主语
2.Seeingisbelieving.ving动名词表语
3.AnneHathawaywasabeautifulactress.a(+adj)+n表语
4.CollectingshellsisthefirstthingIwanttodowhenIamonvacationatthebeach.v+n宾语(动宾)
5.CollectingshellsisthefirstthingIwanttodowhenIamonvacationatthebeachprep+n宾语(介宾)
6.Happinessismoreimportanttomethanmoney.n主语
7.Thesockssmellterrible.Please.washthemimmediately.the+n主语
8.SomefamousscientistsaregoingtogivelecturesinouruniversityinAugust.v+n宾语
9.Hisperformanceisexcellent.Adj(物主代词)+n主语
10.Thereisnoreasonforhimtodothat.no+n
10.Joyceusedtoworkinashoefactoryn+n定语
11.Iwishthisheavyrainwillbringtheearthlife.v+n+n双宾结构
12.JackyChen,afamousactor,ishotterthaneverthesedaysduetoDuang.a(+adj)+n同位语
分析:
名词的使用情况
成分判断:
主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语
细节判断:
adj+n;adj物主代词+n
the/a/an/no+n
prep+n
a+n
n+n
注意事项:
名词作定语(非常考点):
womendoctors;bookshops;astonebridge;asalesmanager等
双宾结构:
带to的bring,give,leave,lend,offer,send,show,teach,tell等;
带for的buy,cook等
动名词:
主语有的动词要变为ving形式;介词+动名词;一些非谓语动词如mind。
(2)对动词的判断
※谓语动词判断:
一个简单句必须配一谓语动词;复合句看有几个句子合成,若是由2个句子构成即有2
个谓语动词。
1.TheTVseriesWuMeinianglookseye-pleasing(养眼的).主语+系动词(感官动词)+表语(adj)
2.Theairtodayis(pretty)fresh.主语+系动词(be动词)+表语(adj)
3.Hewasatraitor.主语+系动词(be)+表语(n)
4.ShewantstoliveontheMarsforsometime.主语+实意动词+宾语(非谓语动词)
5.Weoughttostaytogetherforastrongerunion.情态动词+谓语动词+状语(adv)
6.MymotherboughtanOptimusPrime(擎天柱)formybirthday.主语+实意动词+宾语
7.YangZirongclimbedfastinordernottobebittenbythetiger.主语+实意动词+状语(adv)
8.ChenZhenwhisperedtoYangKehewantedtosearchforwolfpups.复合句
分析:
谓语动词相对来说还是非常好判断的,分析句子成分轻易就能看出。
成分判断:
谓语。
放在主语后面。
细节判断:
be+adj
感官动词+adj
v+adv
v+n
情态动词/助动词+v
附:
谓语动词分类
Be:
am/is/are
系动词后可接adj
感官动词:
feel/taste/smell/look/sound
“变”:
become/turn/go/grow/get
其他:
keep/seem/prove
实意动词:
want/buy等+后可接adv。
及物动词后可接宾语。
※非谓语动词判断:
背诵动词用法:
expecttodo,admitdoing等
细节判断:
v+adv;v+adj;v+n;to+v
(3)对形容词的判断
1.ZhouJunisgreedy.be+adj
2.Helooksdepressed.感官动词+adj
3.LongZhuisasuperb(极好的)cartoon.adj+n
4.Herbeautifulvoicemadeeveryonemoved.make+n+adj
5.Theblindneedtobetakengoodcareof.the+adj
分析:
形容词可作定语,表语,宾补。
判断不建议从句子成分上去判断,从用法上判断即可更简便。
细节判断:
be+adj
感官动词+adj
adj+n
注意事项:
注意比较级(eg.有much/even的情况下)与最高级。
关键理解文章。
附:
系动词分
Be:
am/is/are
系动词后可接adj
感官动词:
feel/taste/smell/look/sound
“变”:
become/turn/go/grow/get
其他:
keep/seem/prove
(4)对副词的判断
1.ThefansshoutedatProfessorDuexcitedly.v+adv
2.Hefeltterriblysorryforwhathehaddoneadv+adj
3.Thecatscreamedextremelyhorriblyatnight.adv+adv
4.Unfortunately,thebeggaronlybegged30yuanonthesubway.adv+句子
分析:
副词可作表语,状语居多。
判断不建议从句子成分上去判断,从用法上判断即可更简便。
细节判断:
v+adv
adv+adj
adv+adv
adv+句子
注意事项:
常考的副词有however,besides,especially,even,exactly等
(5)对介词的判断
首字母练习对介词的考察极少固定搭配,多要通过理解。
尤其高频的有:
against,along,behind,beside,besides,during,except,like,towards,without等
1.Chinaisavitalallyinthefightagainstglobalwarming.n1+prep+n2(两个名词缺了介词不能组合一起)
2.Thesemagazinesaresoldatbookstoresthroughoutthecountry.n1+prep+n2(两个名词缺了介词不能组合一
起)
3.Heinvitedallfriendsexceptyou.N+prep+pron
4.Sheleanedlightlyagainsthisshoulder.vi+prep+n(不及物动词后不能直接接名词)
5.Areyoufororagainsttheplan?
be+prep+n(此种情况很少成为考题)
分析:
介词首字母当中由于极少考搭配,可以从词义,用法上进行判断。
细节判断:
n1+prep+n2/pron
n1+prep+n2/pron
vi+prep+n/pron
be+prep+n/pron
注意事项:
介词可重点背诵些高频词。
(6)对连词的判断
连词的功能是连接两个句子。
具体填哪个连词,需要处理两个句子之间的逻辑关系。
并列连词and/but/or也
可连接各种成分,不一定是句子。
其中since考“既然”比“自从”概率要大些。
填so的时候,勿忘考虑since。
1.YangZironghadtopretendtobeabanditsincetherewasnootherwaytodigfurtherinformation.因果
2.Youmustbeltupbeforeyoustarttodrive.时间先后
分析:
一旦所缺空后边的句子时完整的,就让学生回头看是否前面也是一完整句子。
连词相对还是比较容
易填,首字母常考连词数量不多。
连词:
A:
andafteralthoughasB:
becausebeforebutI:
if
N:
neithernorO:
orS:
sincesoT:
thantillthough
U:
unlessuntillW:
whenwhilewhether
(7)对代词的判断
首字母练习中,常考不定代词(nobody/anybody/everybody;nothing/anything/everything;another;other);
反身代词(themselves/himself......)
a.Afterthecruelrobbery,nothingwaslefttothepoorfamilyexcepttheashes.
b.Althoughnobodyknowsexactlywherepathwilllead,theystillsticktothishopelesshope.
(8)其他常考点的判断
1.another
a.Achillescalleduponallthesoldiersandsaid,“tryanothertime,wearedoomedtogettheTroy.”
单数可数名词的前面。
有时也会有一adj介入,getthroughanotherhardperiod.
b.OnedepartmentisresponsibleforQC,...;Another(one)supervisestheproductionintheworkshop..;(The
third....)
One...another...thethird.有时相隔太远,难以观察到。
2.possible,possibly
a.Itispossible(forMaYun)tostealtheballfromYaoMing.
b.Itispossible(that)MaYuncanstealtheballfromYaoMing
c.ItispossiblybecauseMaYunwantstoexploreotherfieldssincehishandshasreachedintoe-business,sports...
possibly是副词,修饰句子。
它可被抽出来置放句子前、后。
possible不具备。
3.one(s)
TheyoungprefertowatchTVincozycouches,checkingonthemessagesonFacebookfromtimetotime,while
theoldonesaremorelikelytoreadsomeclassicsinthestudy.
Ones是用来指代与上文提到的同类事物。
要在上文才能发现线索。
4.that,those
a.Thecomputersnowaremuchmorelightweightthanthoseinthepast.
b.ThepeopleinChinahavenothingdifferentcomparedwiththoseinEngland.
c.Thefurnitureonexhibitionissimilartothatyoubought.
That/those表示远指,也是特指,不需要上文提到。
首字母练习中多出现在比较的句式里边。
5.much,even常比较级搭配
a.Thefreshwaterismuchlessthanweneed.
b.Afterconsultingthepsychologist,hefeltevenworse.
6.instead,however常放句首
a.Instead/However,hechosetoreleasethechimpanzee.Later,theybecameclosefriends.
b.ShefinallyreceivedtheofferfromYaleinstead.(instead亦可放句末)
(9)短语的积累
1.besimilarto2.befamiliarto/with3.bepleased/satisfiedwith4.beresponsiblefor
5.getinto/develop/formthehabitof6.have/developasenseof(humor/responsibility...)
7.havesomething/nothingincommon8.have/shareinterestin
9.providesbwithsth/providesthforsb10.offersthtosb/offersbsth
【例题精讲】
Theenvironmentise1aroundus.Itincludestheskyandthebirds,arockorariver,yourpizzaandtheboxitcameinandevenotherpeople.Theenvironmentismadeupofl2andnon-livingthings.Whilerocksandsandandnon-livingthings,aparrotflyingf3treetotreeisalivingthing.Infact,allplantsanda4arelivingthings.
TheSevenCharacteristicsofLivingThings:
Theyneedtotakeinf5fromtheenvironmentforenergy.
(2)Showsomekindofmovement.
(3)Exchangegaseswiththeenvironment(breathing).
(4)Excreteandremovewastefromthebody.
(5)Alllivingthingsg6
(6)Sensitivetochangesintheenvironmenta7them(feel).
(7)Alllivingthingsproduceyoung.
Sometimesitisnotsoe8todecidewhatislivingandwhatisnot.Acarmoves,butitisn9alivingthing,whileatreedoesn’tseemtomove,butitisalivingthing.Orangejuicecamefromalivingp10butitisnotalivingthing.
生词:
exchange交换
excrete排泄
sensitive敏感的
【课堂练习】
(A)
Doyouoftenlikeanimals?
Doyouoftengotothezoo?
MyfatherworksinCityZooHeworkstheref__1___tenyears.HegoestoworkfromMondaytoFriday.Afterhea__2___atthezoo,hecleanstheanimalhousesandcase.Healwaysgoestoworkearlyandgoeshomelate.Peoplesayheisah__3___man.Therearemanykindsofi__4___animalsinthezoo.Manypeoplecometov__5___thezooeveryday.Myfathertellsthemwhattodoandwhatnottodo.Heloveshiswork.b__6___hecanseeandplaywithhisf__7___animals.Buthedoesn’tthinkitisgoodforanimalstoliveinthesmallhouses.Theyareourfriends.Theywillbeveryhappyi__8___theyliveinnature.
(B)
Foodisveryimportant.Everyoneneedstoeatwellifheorshewantstohaveastrongbody.Ourmindsalsoneedakindoffood.Thiskindoffoodisknowledge.Webegintogetknowledgee__1__whenweareveryyoung.Smallchildrenareinterestedine__2__aroundthem.Theylearnsomethingwhiletheyarewatchingandlistening.Whentheyaregettingolder,theybegintoreadstorybooks,s__3__booksanythingelsetheylike.Whentheyfindsomethingnew,theylovetoaskquestionsandt__4__tofindoutanswers.
Whatisthebestwaytogetknowledge?
Ifwelearnbyourselves,wewillgetthemostknowledge.Ifwealwaysgetanswersfromothersanddonotaskwhy,wewillneverlearnwell.Whenwestudyinther__5__way,wewilllearnmoreandunderstandbetter.
(C)
Ifinishedmycookingcourseinacollegeattheageof21.IthoughtIwasgoingtobecomeaworld-famouscook.Ihopedpeoplewouldt1fromallovertheworldjusttogetatasteofmyfood.Butthreemonthslater,IknewIwaswrong.Sincenobodywastravelingtot2myfood,IdecidedIshouldtraveltotastetheirs.
Duringmytravel,Iv3manydifferentcountries,suchasJapanandFrancewheredifferentk4offoodopenedmyeyes.IespeciallylovedtheexperiencesinItalyandChina.
WheninItaly,I15howtomakepizzaands6.Wehadlonglazylunchesinthesunandeveningmealswheretheconversationswentonlongintothenight.
InC7,IlovedthehotSichuanfoodandenjoyedthedeliciousBeijingsnacks.Ialsodiscoveredthejoyofmakingd8withgoodfriends.
Myyearoftravelcametoanendtooquickly,butIhaddecidedwhatIshoulddofortherestofmy19.Iwanttobringthefantasticfood
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