全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语2.docx

全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语2.docx

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全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语2

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语

（二）试题

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGI.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitneedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwho1inWorldWarⅡandthepeopletheyliberated,theGIwasthe2mangrownintohero,thepoorfarmkidtornawayfromhishome,theguywho3alltheburdensofbattles,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe4offoodandshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.Thiswasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,5anaverageguyup6thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesincenturies.

Hisnameisn’tmuch.GI.isjustamilitaryabbreviation7GovernmentIssue,anditwasonallofthearticles8tosoldiers.AndJoe?

Acommonnameforaguywhonever9ittothetop.JoeBlow,JoePalooka,JoeMagrac…aworkingclassname.TheUnitedStateshas10hadapresidentorvice-presidentorsecretaryofstateJoe.

GI.Joehada11careerfightingGerman,Japanese,andKoreantroops.Heappearsasacharacterora12ofAmericanpersonalities,inthe1945movieTheStoryofGI.Joe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentEmiePyle.SomeofthesoldiersPoly13portrayedthemselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe14sideofthewar,writingaboutthedirt-snow-and-mudsoldiers,nothowmanymileswere15orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated.Hisreports16the“Willie”cartoonsoffamedStarsandStripesartistBillMaulden.Bothmen17thedirtandexhaustionofwar,the18ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheachotherandthecivilians:

coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.19Egypt,France,andadozenmorecountries,GI.JoewasAmericansoldiers,20themostimportantpersonintheirlives.   

1.[A]performed[B]served[C]rebelled[D]betrayed

2.[A]actual[B]common[C]special[D]normal

3.[A]bore[B]caused[C]removed[D]loaded

4.[A]necessities[B]facilities[C]commodities[D]properties

5.[A]and[B]nor[C]but[D]hence

6.[A]for[B]into[C]from[D]against

7.[A]meaning[B]implying[C]symbolizing[D]claiming

8.[A]handedout[B]turnedover[C]broughtback[D]passeddown

9.[A]pushed[B]got[C]made[D]managed

10.[A]ever[B]never[C]either[D]neither

11.[A]disguised[B]disturbed[C]disputed[D]distinguished

12.[A]company[B]collection[C]community[D]colony

13.[A]employed[B]appointed[C]interviewed[D]questioned

14.[A]ethical[B]military[C]political[D]human

15.[A]ruined[B]commuted[C]patrolled[D]gained

16.[A]paralleled[B]counteracted[C]duplicated[D]contradicted

17.[A]neglected[B]avoided[C]emphasized[D]admired

18.[A]stages[B]illusions[C]fragments[D]advances

19.[A]With[B]To[C]Among[D]Beyond

20.[A]onthecontrary[B]bythismeans[C]fromtheoutset[D]atthatpoint

SectionII ReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentlyyearsithasbeenparticularlyscorned.Schooldistrictsacrossthecountry,mostrecentlyLosAngelesUnified,arerevisingtheirthinkingonthiseducationalritual.Unfortunately,L.A.Unifiedhasproducedaninflexiblepolicywhichmandatesthatwiththeexceptionofsomeadvancedcourses,homeworkmaynolongercountformorethan10%ofastudent’sacademicgrade.

Thisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfromimpoverishedorchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheirhomework.Butthepolicyisunclearandcontradictory.Certainly,nohomeworkshouldbeassignedthatstudentscannotcompleteontheirownorthattheycannotdowithoutexpensiveequipment.Butifthedistrictisessentiallygivingapasstostudentswhodonotdotheirhomeworkbecauseofcomplicatedfamilylives,itisgoingriskilyclosetotheimplicationthatstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorchildren.

Districtadministratorssaythathomeworkwillstillbeapartofschooling;teachersareallowedtoassignasmuchofitastheywant.Butwithhomeworkcountingfornomorethan10%oftheirgrades,studentscaneasilyskiphalftheirhomeworkandseeverylittledifferenceontheirreportcards.Somestudentsmightdowellonstatetestswithoutcompletingtheirhomework,butwhataboutthestudentswhoperformedwellonthetestsanddidtheirhomework?

Itisquitepossiblethatthehomeworkhelped.Yetratherthanempoweringteacherstofindwhatworksbestfortheirstudents,thepolicyimposesaflat,across-the-boardrule.

Atthesametime,thepolicyaddressesnoneofthetrulythornyquestionsabouthomework.Ifthedistrictfindshomeworktobeunimportanttoitsstudents’academicachievement,itshouldmovetoreduceoreliminatetheassignments,notmakethemcountforalmostnothing.Conversely,ifshouldaccountforasignificantportionofthegrade.Meanwhile,thispolicydoesnothingtoensurethatthehomeworkstudentsreceiveismeaningfulorappropriatetotheirageandthesubject,orthatteachersarenotassigningmorethantheyarewillingtoreviewandcorrect.

Thehomeworkrulesshouldbeputonholdwhiletheshoolboard,whichisresponsibleforsettingeducationalpolicy,looksintothematterandconductspublichearings.ItisnottoolateforL.A.Unifiedtodohomeworkright.

21.Itisimpliedinparagraph1thatnowadayshomework____.

[A]isreceivingmorecriticism

[B]isnolongeraneducationalritual

[C]isnotrequiredforadvancedcourses

[D]isgainingmorepreferences

22.L.A.Unifiedhasmadetheruleabouthomeworkmainlybecausepoorstudents_____.

[A]tendtohavemoderateexpectationsfortheireducation

[B]haveaskedforadifferenteducationalstandard

[C]mayhaveproblemsfinishingtheirhomework

[D]havevoicedtheircomplaintsabouthomework

23.AccordingtoParagraph3’oneproblemwiththepolicyisthatitmay____.

[A]discouragestudentsfromdoinghomework

[B]resultinstudents’indifferencetotheirreportcards

[C]underminetheauthorityofstatetests

[D]restrictteachers’powerineducation

24.AsmentionedinParagraph4akeyquestionunansweredabouthomeworkis_____.

[A]itshouldbeeliminated

[B]itcountsmuchinschooling

[C]itplacesextraburdensonteachers

[D]itisimportantforgrades

25.Asuitabletitleforthistextcouldbe____.

[A]wrongInterpretationsofanEducationalPolicy

[B]AWelcomedPolicyforPoorStudents

[C]ThornyQuestionsaboutHomework

[D]AFaultyApproachtoHomework

Text2

Prettyinpink:

adultwomendonotrememberbeingsoobsessedwiththecolour,yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls’lives.Itisnotthatpinkisintrinsicallybad,butitissuchatinysliceoftherainbowand,thoughitmaycelebrategirlhoodinoneway,italsorepeatedlyandfirmlyfusesgirls’identitytoappearance.Thenitpresentsthatconnection,evenamongtwo-year-olds,betweengirlsasnotonlyinnocentbutasevidenceofinnocence.Lookingaround,Idespairedatthesingularlackofimaginationaboutgirls’livesandinterests.

Girls’attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNA,butaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,itisnot.Childrenwerenotcolour-codedatalluntiltheearly20thcentury,intheerabeforedomesticwashingmachinesallbabiesworewhiteasapracticalmatter,sincetheonlywayofgettingclothescleanwastoboilthem.What’smore,bothboysandgirlsworewhatwerethoughtofasgender-neutraldresses.Whennurserycolourswereintroduced,pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculinecolour,apastelversionofred,whichwasassociatedwithstrength.Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolizedfemininity.Itwasnotuntilthemid-1980s,whenamplifyingageandsexdifferencesbecameadominantchildren’smarketingstrategy,thatpinkfullycameintoitsown,whenitbegantoseeminherentlyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemasfemale,atleastforthefirstfewcriticalyears.

Ihadnotrealizedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnaturaltokids,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.Takethetoddler.Iassumedthatphasewassomethingexpertsdevelopedafteryearsofresearchintochildren’sbehavior:

wrong.Turnsout,accordingtoDanielCook,ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism,itwaspopularizedasamarketingtrickbyclothingmanufacturersinthe1930s.

Tradepublicationscounseleddepartmentstoresthat,inordertoincreasesales,theyshouldcreatea“thirdsteppingstone”betweeninfantwearandolderkids’clothes.Itwasonlyafter“toddler”becameacommonshoppers’termthatitevolvedintoabroadlyaccepteddevelopmentalstage.Splittingkids,oradults,intoever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboostprofits.Andoneoftheeasiestwaystosegmentamarketistomagnifygenderdifferences-orinventthemwheretheydidnotpreviouslyexist.

26.Bysaying“itis…therainbow”（Line3,Para.1）,theauthormeanspink____.

[A]shouldnotbethesolerepresentationofgirlhood

[B]shouldnotbeassociatedwithgirls’innocence

[C]cannotexplaingirls’lackofimagination

[D]cannotinfluencegirls’livesandinterests

27.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofcolours?

[A]Coloursareencodedingirls’DNA.

[B]Blueusedtoberegardedasthecolourforgirls.

[C]Pinkusedtobeaneutralcolourinsymbolisinggenders.

[D]Whiteispreferredbybabies.

28.Theauthorsuggeststhatourperception