高三英语写作失分点讲解.docx

高三英语写作失分点讲解.docx

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高三英语写作失分点讲解

Overview

教案撰稿人

完稿时间

审核人

审核时间

课程进度

第次课

课程标题

注意高考失分点

学生对象：

高三

教学目标

1．准确掌握写作常见失分点

教学安排一览

事项

时间

1

复习上次课的内容

5分钟

2

批改并讲评上次课的家庭作业

10分钟

3

引入本课内容-

10分钟

4

讲解重点考点及相关习题

60分钟

5

课堂巩固练习及评讲

30分钟

6

总结本次课所学内容及布置回家作业

5分钟

7

8

9

10

Review

1,对上次课内容的回顾

2，对上次课作业的评讲

Introduction

Handout1快速阅读

BeautyandBodyImageintheMedia

Imagesoffemalebodiesareeverywhere.Women—andtheirbodyparts—selleverythingfromfoodtocars.Popularfilmandtelevisionactressesarebecomingyounger,tallerandthinner.Somehaveevenbeenknowntofaintonthesetfromlackoffood.Women’smagazinesarefullofarticlesurgingthatiftheycanjustlosethoselasttwentypounds,they’llhaveitall—theperfectmarriage,lovingchildren,greatsex,andarewardingcareer.

Whyarestandardsofbeautybeingimposedonwomen,themajorityofwhomarenaturallylargerandmorematurethananyofthemodels?

Theroots,someanalystssay,areeconomic.Bypresentinganidealdifficulttoachieveandmaintain,thecosmeticanddietproductindustriesareassuredofgrowthandprofits.

Andit’snoaccidentthatyouthisincreasinglypromoted,alongwiththinness,asanessentialcriterionofbeauty.Ifnotallwomenneedtoloseweight,forsurethey’reallaging,saystheQuebecActionNetworkforWomen’sHealthinits2001report.And,accordingtotheindustry,ageisadisasterthatneedstobedealtwith.

Thestakesarehuge.Ontheonehand,womenwhoareinsecureabouttheirbodiesaremorelikelytobuybeautyproducts,newclothes,anddietaids.Itisestimatedthatthedietindustryaloneisworthanywherebetween40to100billion（U.S.）ayearsellingtemporaryweightloss（90to95%ofdietersregainthelostweight）.Ontheotherhand,researchindicatesthatexposuretoimagesofthin,young,air-brushedfemalebodiesislinkedtodepression,lossofself-esteemandthedevelopmentofunhealthyeatinghabitsinwomenandgirls.

TheAmericanresearchgroupAnorexiaNervosa&RelatedEatingDisorders,Inc.saysthatoneoutofeveryfourcollege-agedwomenusesunhealthymethodsofweightcontrol—includingfasting,skippingmeals,excessiveexercise,laxative（泻药）abuse,andself-inducedvomiting.Thepressuretobethinisalsoaffectingyounggirls:

theCanadianWomen’sHealthNetworkwarnsthatweightcontrolmeasuresarenowbeingtakenbygirlsasyoungas5and6.Americanstatisticsaresimilar.Severalstudies,suchasoneconductedbyMarikaTiggemannandLevinaClarkin2006titled“AppearanceCultureinNine-to12-Year-OldGirls:

MediaandPeerInfluencesonBodyDissatisfaction,”indicatethatnearlyhalfofallpreadolescentgirlswishtobethinner,andasaresulthaveengagedinadietorareawareoftheconceptofdieting.In2003,Teenmagazinereportedthat35percentofgirls6to12yearsoldhavebeenonatleastonediet,andthat50to70percentofnormalweightgirlsbelievetheyareoverweight.Overallresearchindicatesthat90%ofwomenaredissatisfiedwiththeirappearanceinsomeway.

MediaactivistJeanKilbourneconcludesthat,“Womenaresoldtothedietindustrybythemagazineswereadandthetelevisionprogramswewatch,almostallofwhichmakeusfeelanxiousaboutourweight.”

UnattainableBeauty

Perhapsmostdisturbingisthefactthatmediaimagesoffemalebeautyareunattainableforallbutaverysmallnumberofwomen.ResearchersgeneratingacomputermodelofawomanwithBarbie-dollproportions,forexample,foundthatherbackwouldbetooweaktosupporttheweightofherupperbody,andherbodywouldbetoonarrowtocontainmorethanhalfaliverandafewcentimetersofbowel.Arealwomanbuiltthatwaywouldsufferfromchronicdiarrhea（慢性腹泻）andeventuallydiefrommalnutrition.JillBarad,PresidentofMattel（whichmanufacturesBarbie）,estimatedthat99%ofgirlsaged3to10yearsoldownatleastoneBarbiedoll.

Still,thenumberofreallifewomenandgirlswhoseekasimilarlyunderweightbodyisepidemic,andtheycansufferequallydevastatinghealthconsequences.In2006itwasestimatedthatupto450,000Canadianwomenwereaffectedbyaneatingdisorder.

TheCultureofThinness

Researchersreportthatwomen’smagazineshavetenandone-halftimesmoreadsandarticlespromotingweightlossthanmen’smagazinesdo,andoverthree-quartersofthecoversofwomen’smagazinesincludeatleastonemessageabouthowtochangeawoman’sbodilyappearance—bydiet,exerciseorcosmeticsurgery.

Televisionandmoviesreinforcetheimportanceofathinbodyasameasureofawoman’sworth.CanadianresearcherGregoryFoutsreportsthatoverthree-quartersofthefemalecharactersinTVsituationcomediesareunderweight,andonlyoneintwentyareaboveaverageinsize.Heavieractressestendtoreceivenegativecommentsfrommalecharactersabouttheirbodies（“Howaboutwearingasack?

”）,and80percentofthesenegativecommentsarefollowedbycannedaudiencelaughter.

Therehavebeeneffortsinthemagazineindustrytobuck（抵制，反抗）thetrend.ForseveralyearstheQuebecmagazineCoupdePoucehasconsistentlyincludedfull-sizedwomenintheirfashionpagesandChâtelainehaspledgednottotouchupphotosandnottoincludemodelslessthan25yearsofage.InMadrid,oneoftheworld’sbiggestfashioncapitals,ultra-thinmodelswerebannedfromtherunwayin2006.FurthermoreSpainhasrecentlyundergoneaprojectwiththeaimtostandardizeclothingsizesthroughusingauniqueprocessinwhichalaserbeamisusedtomeasurereallifewomen’sbodiesinordertofindthemosttruetolifemeasurement.

Ethics

Anotherissueistherepresentationofethnicallydiversewomeninthemedia.A2008studyconductedbyJuanitaCovertandTravisDixontitled“AChangingView:

RepresentationandEffectsofthePortrayalofWomenofColorinMainstreamWomen’sMagazines”foundthatalthoughtherewasanincreaseintherepresentationofwomenofcolour,overallwhitewomenwereoverrepresentedinmainstreamwomen’smagazinesfrom1999to2004.Self-ImprovementorSelf-Destruction?

Thebarrageofmessagesaboutthinness,dietingandbeautytells“ordinary”womenthattheyarealwaysinneedofadjustment—andthatthefemalebodyisanobjecttobeperfected.

JeanKilbournearguesthattheoverwhelmingpresenceofmediaimagesofpainfullythinwomenmeansthatrealwomen’sbodieshavebecomeinvisibleinthemassmedia.Therealtragedy,Kilbourneconcludes,isthatmanywomeninternalizethesestereotypes,andjudgethemselvesbythebeautyindustry’sstandards.Womenlearntocomparethemselvestootherwomen,andtocompetewiththemformaleattention.Thisfocusonbeautyanddesirability“effectivelydestroysanyawarenessandactionthatmighthelptochangethatclimate.”

1.Women’smagazinesarefullofarticlestourgewomento___________.

A）eatlesssweetfoodC）marryarichhusband

B）loseweightD）haveatleasttwokids

2.Thecosmeticanddietproductindustriesgainprofitsby____________.

A）exaggeratingthegoodnessabouttheirproducts

B）targetingatchildrenandfemales

C）presentinganidealimagedifficulttoachieve

D）distributingfreesamplesfromhometohome

3.CanadianWomen’shealthNetworkwarnsthatweightcontrolmeasuresarenowbeingtakenbygirls_____________.

A）atage5or6C）atage13or14

B）atage9or10D）atage16or17

4.In2003,Teenmagazinereportedthat____________percentofnormalweightgirlsbelievetheyareoverweight.

A）35to50C）50to70

B）50D）90

5.ResearchersfoundthatarealwomanwithBarbie-dollproportionswould_____________.

A）sufferfromheartdiseaseC）liveamorerewardinglife

B）beverypopularwithmalesD）diefrommalnutrition

6.Televisionandmoviesemphasizethatawoman’sworthcanbejudgedby_____________.

A）thecosmeticssheusesC）thethinnessofherbody

B）thejewelryshewearsD）thewealthofherhusband

7.Spainhasrecentlyundergoneaprojectto_____________.

A）includefull-sizedwomeninitsfashionmagazines

B）standardizeclothingsizes

C）banultra-thinmodelsfromtherunway

D）promoteweightlossamongmen

8.Inmainstreamwomen’smagazinesfrom1999to2004,______________wereoverrepresented.

9.JeanKilbourneconcludesthatmanywomenjudgethemselvesby_______________________.

10.Thefocuson___________________________destroysanyawarenessandactionthatmighthelptochangethetrend.

Thekeys:

1-7BCACDCB

8.overallwhitewoman

9.thebeautyindustry'sstandards

10.thebeautydesirability

Presentation-写作失分点

解析：

典型例子2

解析：

比较下面这篇满分作业，它从以下方面论述了参加集体舞比赛的理由。

1>能够减轻学习压力，活跃气氛

2>舞蹈不仅创造美，还锻炼了身体

3>在排练的过程中，可以培养交往能力

4>增强凝聚力，培养集体荣誉感

典型例子3

古人云：

“天生我材必有用”（theremustbeauseformytalent）.通过描述你生活中一件事，说明人各有所长，无论才能大小都能成为有用的人

学生习作：

Chinesehaveaoldsayingthat“theremustbeausefortalent”.Ithinkitistrue.WhyIthinkso?

Becauseofaexperienceofme

解析：

这篇作文除了较多的语法和拼写错误（划线部分）外，所举的例子似乎不能说明题目要求，讲的是通过努力做成某事。

对于如何体现天生我材必有用而言，有些离题。

典型例子4

学生习作：

解析：

这篇作文之所以得高分，因为它结构严谨，遣词造句讲究地道，另外，一个主要原因是，该考生认真审题，以题目中的要求为指导，仔细读懂表格，准备把握，无一遗漏地表达所传递的信息。

典型例子5

分析：

学生习作：

失分点二：

构思不周

真题点拨1：

请你谈谈轿车大量进入家庭后，对家庭，环境和经济可能产生的影响。

学生习作：

解析：

真题点拨2：

学生习作：

解析：

真题点拨3：

解析：

失分点三：

立意不高

学生习作：

解析：

真题点拨2

解析：

真题点拨3：

学生习作：

解析：

真题点拨4：

学生习作：

解析：

FocusedPractice

Handout2提高练习

范文：

Handout3提高练习

参考作文：