Oracle 11gR2 2node RAC on VMWare Workstation 8Part 7.docx
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Oracle 11gR2 2node RAC on VMWare Workstation 8Part 7.docx
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Oracle11gR22nodeRAConVMWareWorkstation8Part7
Oracle11gR22-nodeRAConVMWareWorkstation8–Part VII
PostedonOctober27,2012byoraclejedi•PostedinLinux,Oracle,RAC,VMware•Taggedlinux,oracle,rac,redhat,vmware,workstation•1Comment
Oracle11gR22-nodeRAConVMWareWorkstation8–PartVII
TimeRequired:
60minutes
ClassMaterials:
∙none
NextwearegoingtogiveourtwonewVMsidentities.
Asdiscussedintheprevioussection,IhavedecidedtonamemyVMsOrpheusandEurydice.InthissectionwewillgiveeachmachineahostnameplusstaticIPaddressontheVMnet2andVMnet3networkswecreatedearlier.
Thiswillallowourtwooperaticloverstocommunicatebothpubliclyandprivately.
BootupbothVMsandloginasroot.OntheLinuxdesktop,usethemousetoselectthedropdownmenusasfollows:
System->Administration->Network
ThisaccesstheNetworkcontrolpanel.AsyoucanseeweseethreenetworkdevicesidentifiedbyLinux;
∙eth0
∙eth1
∙eth2
eth0adapteristhebridgednetworkadapterthatconnectsustotheoutsideworld.Wewillleavethatcompletelyalone.
eth1isusingVMnet2,thenetworkweintendtobeourpublicRACnetwork.
eth2isusingVMnet3whichiswhatweplantouseforprivateclustertraffic.
Selecttheeth1adapterandclicktheeditbuttontobringuptheEthernetDevicecontrolpanel.Wewillselect“StaticallysetIPaddresses”toassignastaticIPaddresstothisNIC.WewillassignIPaddress10.10.1.10.
Makesurethat“Activatedevicewhencomputerstarts”remainsenabled.
Nowrepeattheabovestepsforeth2,thistimestaticallyassigningtheIPaddress10.10.2.10
MakesureyousaveyourchancesbeforeclosingtheNetworkConfigurationeditorwindow
NowmoveovertoEurydiceandrepeattheabovesteps,assigningeth1theIPaddress10.10.1.20,andeth2theaddress10.10.2.20.
Whenyouhavecompletedthisstep,thefollowingIPassignmentsshouldbeset:
Orpheus
Eurydice
eth1
10.10.1.10
10.10.1.20
eth2
10.10.2.10
10.10.2.20
Nowwewillassignhostnamestobothmachines.RHEL5.5storesthehostnameinthefile/etc/sysconfig/network.Fromtherootaccount,editthisfileandchangethehostnameoneachmachine:
ForOrpheus:
[root@localhost~]#cat/etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=orpheus.hadesnet
ForEurydice:
[root@localhost~]#cat/etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=eurydice.hadesnet
NowwouldbeagoodtimetorebootbothVMsandmakesureeverythingstartsbackupasexpected.
Whenthemachineshaverebooted,startingaterminalwindowshouldshowusthenewmachinename:
[root@orpheus~]#ifconfig-a
eth0Linkencap:
EthernetHWaddr00:
0C:
29:
4A:
B5:
D1
inetaddr:
192.168.0.93Bcast:
192.168.0.255Mask:
255.255.255.0
inet6addr:
fe80:
:
20c:
29ff:
fe4a:
b5d1/64Scope:
Link
UPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICASTMTU:
1500Metric:
1
RXpackets:
1209errors:
0dropped:
0overruns:
0frame:
0
TXpackets:
73errors:
0dropped:
0overruns:
0carrier:
0
collisions:
0txqueuelen:
1000
RXbytes:
148948(145.4KiB)TXbytes:
13574(13.2KiB)
eth1Linkencap:
EthernetHWaddr00:
0C:
29:
4A:
B5:
DB
inetaddr:
10.10.1.10Bcast:
10.10.1.255Mask:
255.255.255.0
inet6addr:
fe80:
:
20c:
29ff:
fe4a:
b5db/64Scope:
Link
UPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICASTMTU:
1500Metric:
1
RXpackets:
453errors:
0dropped:
0overruns:
0frame:
0
TXpackets:
44errors:
0dropped:
0overruns:
0carrier:
0
collisions:
0txqueuelen:
1000
RXbytes:
42745(41.7KiB)TXbytes:
6310(6.1KiB)
eth2Linkencap:
EthernetHWaddr00:
0C:
29:
4A:
B5:
E5
inetaddr:
10.10.2.10Bcast:
10.10.2.255Mask:
255.255.255.0
inet6addr:
fe80:
:
20c:
29ff:
fe4a:
b5e5/64Scope:
Link
UPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICASTMTU:
1500Metric:
1
RXpackets:
450errors:
0dropped:
0overruns:
0frame:
0
TXpackets:
46errors:
0dropped:
0overruns:
0carrier:
0
collisions:
0txqueuelen:
1000
RXbytes:
42469(41.4KiB)TXbytes:
6464(6.3KiB)
TheifconfigcommandallowsustoseewhatIPaddresseshavebeenassignedtoourNICcards.WecanseeintheexampleabovethatthestaticIPsweassignedhaveworked.
RepeatthecommandonEurydiceandcheckthatthestaticIPaddresseshaveworkedtheretoo.
Nextwewillmakeeachmachineawareoftheother’sIPaddresses.MostRACinstallblogssuggestyoueditthelocal/etc/hostsfile.
Thatwouldworkgreatifitwasnotfortheintroductionofahardrequirementin11gR2foraSCANaddress.AsmentionedbackinPartII,aSCANaddressisacruderound-robinIPaddressthatallowsclientstoaddressallnodesofaRACclusterthroughasinglename.
ThereisnowaytoimplementSCANusingastatichostsfile,sobackinPartIIweloadedtheRPMweneedtostandupaDNSserver.Incaseyoumissedit,youneedtogobacktotheinstallmediaandloadthefollowingRPM:
[root@localhost~]#cd"/media/RHEL_5.5x86_64DVD/Server"
[root@localhostServer]#pwd
/media/RHEL_5.5x86_64DVD/Server
[root@localhostServer]#rpm-ivhbind-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm
warning:
bind-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm:
HeaderV3DSAsignature:
NOKEY,keyID37017186
Preparing...###########################################[100%]
1:
bind
NowwearegoingtoconfigureDNSforourRACcluster.
First,weneedtocreatea/etc/named.conffile.Youonlyneedtodothisononenode,butbestpracticewouldbetodoitonboth.Createthe/etc/named.conffileasfollows:
[root@orpheus~]#cat/etc/named.conf
options{
directory"/var/named";
dump-file"/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file"/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
forwarders{192.168.1.1;};
};
include"/etc/rndc.key";
zone"hadesnet"IN{
typemaster;
file"hadesnet.zone";
allow-update{none;};
};
IntheaboveexampleIhavecreatedmydomainnameashadesnet.Yourexamplewillneedtoreflectwhatdomainnameyouhaveorwishtouse.
IamalsoforwardingnamesIcannotresolvetoaddress192.168.1.1whichistheDNSserveronmosthomenetworks.IfyoursdiffersthenyouwillneedtochangethisifyouwishtobeabletotalktotheoutsideinternetfrominsideyourRACVM.
NotethatsinceIamhard-codingthisaddress,ifmynetworksettingschangeasItravel,orIlogintoaVPN,thenmyabilitytotalktotheoutsideinternetfrominsidemyVMwillfail.That’sokay,Idon’tplanondoingalotofsurfingwithOrpheusorEurydice.
The/etc/named.conffilereferencesanotherfilecalledhadesnet.zone.ThisiswhereIamgoingtodefineIPaddressesforthehadesnetdomain.
WehavealreadydefinedIPaddressforeth1andeth2andnowwewilladdIPaddressesfortheVIPsandSCANaddresses.Tosummarize,ourIPassignmentswilllookasfollows:
Orpheus
Eurydice
PublicIP
10.10.1.10
10.10.1.20
PrivateIP
10.10.2.10
10.10.2.20
VIPIP
10.10.1.11
10.10.1.21
SCANIP
10.10.1.12
10.10.1.22
Thehadesnet.zonefileshouldbelocatedin/var/namedandshouldlookasfollows:
[root@orpheusServer]#cat/var/named/hadesnet.zone
$TTL86400
@INSOAhadesnet.hadesnet.(
42;serial(d.adams)
3H;refresh
15M;retry
1W;expiry
1D);minimum
hadesnet.INNS10.10.1.20
localhostINA127.0.0.1
orpheus.hadesnet.INA10.10.1.10
eurydice.hadesnet.INA10.10.1.20
orpheus-vip.hadesnet.INA10.10.1.11
eurydice-vip.hadesnet.INA10.10.1.21
underworld-scan.hadesnet.INA10.10.1.12
underworld-scan.hadesnet.INA10.10.1.22
IntheaboveexamplewehavedefinedtheIPaddressesforOrpheusandEurydice,aswellasIPaddressfortheVIPsandfortheSCANaddresses.
Again,bestpracticewouldbetoreplicatethisfileonbothOrpheusandEurydice,butthisisnotstrictlynecessary.
NotethattheSCANaddressisdefinedtwice,withtwodifferentaddresses.Thisiswhatenablestheround-robinfunctionalityaswewillseeinamoment.
NowweneedtoaddOrpheus,andpossiblyEurydicetoalistofvalidDNSserversforourtwoLinuxVMs.Wedothisbyaddingthemtothe/etc/resolv.conffileonbothmachines.
Inthefollowingexample,IamgoingtousebothOrpheusandEurydiceasDNSservers.Thatwayifonenodegoesdown,Icanstilloperateontheotheralone.
[root@orpheus~]#cat/etc/resolv.conf
nameserver10.10.1.10#orpheusDNSserver
nameserver10.10.1.20#eurydiceDNSserver
nameserver192.168.1.1#PrimaryDNSinthedomain
searchhadesnet#LocalDomain
Nowwehavetomakeanadjustmenttoourethernetadaptersettings.Ifnot,the/etc/resolv.conffilewillgetoverwritten.
Inthe/etc/sysconfig/network-scriptsdirectoryofbothmachines,youwillfindthesethreefiles.
∙ifcfg-eth0
∙ifcfg-eth1
∙ifcfg-eth2
ForeachfileoneachmachineyouneedtoaddorsetPEERDNS=no.Ifthedirectiveisnotalreadyinthefilethenaddit.
Forexample,myifcfg-eth1shouldlookasfollows:
#IntelCorporation82545EMGigabitEthernetController(Copper)
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
HWADDR=00:
0c:
29:
4a:
b5:
db
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=10.10.1.10
TYPE=Ethernet
USERCTL=no
IPV6INIT=no
PEERDNS=no
Oncethisisdone,checkthe/etc/resolv.conffileonceagaintomakesureitdidgetoverwrittenwhilewewereturningoffthePEERDNSsettings.
NowwecanstartourDNSservice:
[root@orpheus~]#servicenamedstart
Startingnamed:
[OK]
WealsoneedtosettheDNSservicetoauto-startonreboot:
[root@orpheus~]#chkconfignamedon
Nowlet’scheckwecanlookuptheIPaddresses:
[root@orpheus~]#nslookupeurydice
Server:
10.10.1.10
Address:
10.10.1.10#53
Name:
eurydice.hadesnet
Address:
10.10.1.20
[root@orpheus~]#nslookupeurydice-vip
Server:
10.10.1.10
Address:
10.10.1.10#53
Name:
eurydice-vip.hadesnet
Address:
10.10.1.21
NowwecanlookuptheSCANaddresswedefined:
[root@orpheus~]#nslookupunderworld-scan
Server:
10.10.1.10
Address:
10.10.1.10#53
Name:
underworld-scan.hadesnet
Address:
10.
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