新人教版八年级下册英语Unit8单元知识点总结与练习.docx
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新人教版八年级下册英语Unit8单元知识点总结与练习.docx
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新人教版八年级下册英语Unit8单元知识点总结与练习
新人教版七年级英语下册Unit8ISthereapostofficenearhere?
词型转换
near反义词:
far
across动词:
cross
名词:
crossing
front反义词:
back
north形容词:
northern
right反义词:
left/wrong
enjoy第三人称单数:
enjoys
easily形容词:
easy
free反义词:
busy
方位介词的用法:
*acrossfrom…在……对面,后接地点名词或代词。
例:
Thereisabank____________(在对面)thelibrary.
*nextto在…..旁边,靠近……后接地点名词或代词。
例:
(1)Thepayphoneis____________(紧挨着)thelibrary.
(2)Thegardenisnext___myhouse.
A.onB.toC.inD.at
*between…and…在…和…之间(两者之间)
例:
()Sheissitting______LilyandLucy.
A.nearB.nexttoC.betweenD.acrossfrom
*infrontof在……前面(范围之外)
*inthefrontof在…..前面(范围之内)
例:
()Thehotelis____thebank.
()Tomsits_____theclassroomandlistenstotheteachercarefully.
A.inthefrontofB.infrontofC.inthefrontD.infront
payv支付,付钱
*payfor+物“付钱买某物”
*pay+钱+for+物“付多少钱买某物
Eg:
Shepays5yuan forthebooks.
Where+be+地点“….在哪儿“
例()“_______isthehotel?
”“It’snearthebank”
A.HowB.WhoC.WhereD.What
Excuseme打扰了,对不起
用法:
因询问事情,打扰别人而表示歉意时的用语,常用在问路之前。
sorry对不起因做错事,说错话时向别人道歉时的用语。
例()--______,couldyoutellmethewaytothebank?
A.HelloB.ExcusemeC.HiD.Sorry
ontheright/left在右边/左边
例()ThehotelisdownBridgeStreet____theright.
A.inB.onC.atD.to
You’rewelcome不客气当别人向你道谢时的应答语。
表示不用谢的用语还有:
That’sallright/Notatall/It’sapleasure.
短语:
1.postoffice邮局2.payphone投币式公用电话
3.acrossfrom在….对面4.nextto紧靠…
5.between…and….在…和…之间6.infrontof在…前面
7.intheneighborhood在附近8.gostraight沿着….直走
9.turnright向右拐10.welcometo…欢迎到…..
11.takeawalk散步12.thebeginningof…….的开始
13.havefun玩到开心14.thewayto…去….的路
15.takeataxi乘出租车16.haveagoodtrip旅途愉快
17.ontheFifthAvenue在第五大街
busyadj忙的
bebusydoingsth=bebusywithsth忙于做某事
例:
Heisbusy_____(do)hishomework.
..enjoyv喜欢–enjoyableadj高兴的
enjoysth喜欢某物enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事
enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得高兴
例:
(1)Tomenjoys________(play)soccer.
(2)JimandSunsanenjoy_______(watch)TV.
(3)Doyouenjoy_____Englishinourclass,MrGreen?
A.teachB.teachesC.toteachDteaching
(4)Theyhavefunattheparty.
A.haveagoodtimeB.playC.likeD.haveinterests
letsbdosth让某人做某事
Letme________(help)you.
let’sdosth让我们一起做某事
例:
Let’s________(go)toschool.
tellv告诉
tellsbaboutsth告诉某人关于某事
tellsbtodosth告诉某人去做某事
tellsbnottodosth告诉某人不要去做某事
thewayto+地点去….的路
Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?
hopev希望
hopetodosth希望去做某事
hope+that从句
例:
Ihope_________(visit)Beijing.
takeawalk=haveawalk散步
例:
()--Let’s_____.–Allright.
A.takeawalkB.takewalkC.totakewalkD.totakeawalk
welcometo+地点欢迎到某地来
Welcome____mybirthdayparty.
A.atB.inC.toD./
语法规律:
therebe结构
一、构成:
Therebe...句型表示的是“某处有(存在)某人或某物”,其结构为Therebe(is,are,was,were)+名词+地点状语。
例如:
Therearefifty-twostudentsinourclass.
Thereisapencilinmypencil-case.
二、用法:
1.否定句:
在be后加上“not”,也可用“no”来表示。
即:
no+n.(名词)=nota\an\any+n.(名词)。
例如:
Thereisanorangeinherbag.
→Thereisn’tanorangeinherbag.
→Thereisnoorangeinherbag.
Therearesomeorangesinherbag.
→Therearen’tanyorangesinherbag.
→Therearenoorangesinherbag.
Thereissomejuiceinthebottle.
→Thereisn’tanyjuiceinthebottle.
→Thereisnojuiceinthebottle.
例题分析:
Thereisalibraryacrossfromtheschool(改为否定句)
_____________alibraryacrossfromtheschool.
2.一般疑问句:
Therebe结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。
例如:
Thereissomemoneyinherhandbag.
→Isthereanymoneyinherhandbag?
(疑问句和否定句中,some改为any,something改为anything.)
Thereissomethingnewintoday’snewspaper.
→Isthereanythingnewintoday’snewspaper?
例题分析:
Therearesomebirdsinthetree.(改为一般疑问句)
___________________birdsinthetree?
Isthereabaseballunderthechair?
(作肯定回答)
Yes,__________.
3.特殊疑问句:
Therebe句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式
①对主语提问:
当主语是人时,用“Who’s+介词短语?
”;当主语是物时,用“What’s+介词短语?
”。
其中there在口语中常常省略。
注意:
无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。
如:
Thereisabirdinthetree.→What’sinthetree?
Therearesomebikesoverthere.
→What’soverthere?
Thereisalittlegirlintheroom.
→Whoisintheroom?
②对地点状语提问:
用“Whereis\are+主语?
”表示(注意其答语变化):
例如:
Thereisacomputerinmyoffice.
→Whereisthecomputer?
----It’sinmyoffice.
Therearefourchildrenintheclassroom.
→Wherearethefourchildren?
--They’reintheclassroom.
③对数量提问:
一般有两种提问方式:
如果主语是可数名词,无论是单数还是复数,都用“Howmany+可数名词复数+arethere+介词短语?
”表示:
Therearetwelvemonthsinayear.
→Howmanymonthsarethereinayear?
Thereisonlyonebookinmybag.
→Howmanybooksarethereinyourbag?
Thereisacatinthebox.
→Howmanycatsarethereinthebox?
如果主语是不可数名词,则用“Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语?
”表示:
Thereissomemoneyinmypurse.
→Howmuchmoneyisthereinyourpurse?
4.反意疑问句:
Therebe或There加其它动词,其反意疑问句一律用…there?
例如:
Thereisabeautifulgirlinthegarden,isn’tthere?
5.Therebe句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
Thereisabasketballinthebox.
Thereisalittlemilkintheglass.
Therearemanybirdsinthetree.
如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语,be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致,也就是我们常说的“就近原则”。
例如:
Thereisanorangeandsomebananasinthebasket.
Therearesomebananasandanorangeinthebasket.
例题讲解:
用be动词填空:
1.There______apostofficenearhere.
2.There_____somewaterintheglass.
3.There______somepicturesonthewall.
4.There_______apenandthreepencilsinthepencilcase.
5.There_____somebooksandadictionaryonthedesk.
6.There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语(如和将来时begoingto\will、现在完成时have\has+pp.)例如:
Theremustbeapeninthebox.
Istheregoingtobeadancingpartytonight?
Thereisnotgoingtobeameetingtonight.
7.Therebe句型与have/has的区别:
Therebe句型表示客观存在;have/has表示主观拥有
Therebe句型不能与have/has连用。
一、随堂练习:
()1.—Arethereanyorangesonthetable?
--Yes,_____
A.theyareB.thereareC.arethereD.theydo
()2.There___apenandsomebooksinmybag.
A.areB.haveC.hasD.is
()3.________!
Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?
A.OKB.HelloC.ExcusemeD.sorry
()4.Justgostraightandturn____.Theschoolis_____.
A.left,totheleftB.left,ontheleft
C.ontheleft,leftD.left,left
()5.Ourschoolis_____abank.
A.nextB.nexttoC.betweenD.betweenand
()6.--____isthepostoffice?
--It’snexttothehospital.
A.HowB.WhyC.WhereD.What
()7.Thepayphoneis____thepostofficeandthelibrary.
A.inB.betweenC.nearD.front
()8._______,AreyouMrGreen?
A.sorryB.OKC.ExcusemeD.Hello
()9.—Thankyouverymuch,Eric!
--__________.
A.I’msorryB.You’rewelcomeC.HereyouareD.Idon’tknow
()10.—Arethere____booksonthedesk?
--Yes,thereare____.
A.some,someB.any,someC.any,anyD.some,any
二、完型填空:
Afterschool,TomandMolly1.2fatherandmotherarenotathome.Theyare3work.ThetwochildrenseetheirwhitecatRexisrunning4thefloor.Thecatisdirty.Mollywantsto5it.ShesaystoTom,“let’scleanthecat6thewater.”ThenTomputssomewater7awashbasin.Hecatchesthecatandputsitinthewater.Butthecatdoesn’tlike8inthewater.Itjumpsandjumps.Soonthere9alotofwateronthefloor.Thentheirfatherandmothercomehome.Theyseethewateronthefloor.Theyarenot10.Theysaytothechildren,“Don’tdothatagain!
”
()1.A.gotohome
B.gethome
C.gettohome
D.arriveathome
()2.A.They
B.Them
C.Their
D.Theirs
()3.A.at
B.to
C.for
D.in
()4.A.in
B.on
C.to
D.at
()5.A.catch
B.kill
C.play
D.wash
()6.A.on
B.in
C.over
D.under
()7.A.under
B.behind
C.in
D.over
()8.A.standing
B.stand
C.sit
D.sitdown
()9.A.are
B.be
C.is
D.have
()10.A.angry
B.sad
C.interesting
D.happy
三、句型转换,每空一词。
1.Myhouseisacrossfromthepark.(对划线部分提问)
__________________________________________house?
2.Itellyouthewaytotheschool.(改为同义句)
____________________________tellyouthewaytoschool.
3.Thereisahousebehindthebigtree.(改为一般疑问句)
____________________________ahousebehindthebigtree?
4.Hishouseisnearourschool.(改为同义句)
Hishouseis____________________________ourschool.
5.TheywalktogotoschoolonMonday.(改为同义句)
They__________________________________________togotoschoolonMonday.
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