USA ITS zuixinjinzhan.docx
- 文档编号:8324162
- 上传时间:2023-01-30
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:32
- 大小:385.31KB
USA ITS zuixinjinzhan.docx
《USA ITS zuixinjinzhan.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《USA ITS zuixinjinzhan.docx(32页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
USAITSzuixinjinzhan
ConnectedVehiclesApplications
Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)CommunicationsforSafety
ResearchOverview
Vehicle-to-VehicleCommunicationsforSafetyisthedynamicwirelessexchangeofdatabetweennearbyvehiclesthatofferstheopportunityforsignificantsafetyimprovements. Byexchanginganonymous,vehicle-baseddataregardingposition,speed,andlocation(ataminimum),V2Vcommunicationsenablesavehicleto:
sensethreatsandhazardswitha360degreeawarenessofthepositionofothervehiclesandthethreatorhazardtheypresent;calculaterisk;issuedriveradvisoriesorwarnings;ortakepre-emptiveactionstoavoidandmitigatecrashes.AttheheartofV2VcommunicationsisabasicapplicationknownastheHereIAmdatamessage. Thismessagecanbederivedusingnon-vehicle-basedtechnologiessuchasGPStoidentifylocationandspeedofavehicle,orvehicle-basedsensordatawhereinthelocationandspeeddataisderivedfromthevehicle’scomputerandiscombinedwithotherdatasuchaslatitude,longitude,orangletoproducearicher,moredetailedsituationalawarenessofthepositionofothervehicles. BecausetheHereIAmdatamessagecanbederivedfromnon-vehicle-basedtechnologiesthatareubiquitouswithinthemarketplace,theITSProgrammayleverageanopportunitytoaccelerateV2Vcapabilityanddeploymentinthenear-termandproducesafetybenefitsthroughreducedcrashessoonerthanthroughOriginalEquipmentManufacturer(OEM)embeddedsystemsonly.
ThevisionforV2Visthateventually,eachvehicleontheroadway(inclusiveofautomobiles,trucks,buses,motorcoaches,andmotorcycles)willbeabletocommunicatewithothervehiclesandthatthisrichsetofdataandcommunicationswillsupportanewgenerationofactivesafetyapplicationsandsafetysystems. V2Vcommunicationswillenableactivesafetysystemsthatcanassistdriversinpreventing76percentofthecrashesontheroadway,therebyreducingfatalitiesandinjuriesthatoccureachyear.
V2VCommunicationsforSafetyisakeycomponentintheUSDOT'sVehicletoVehicleCommunicationsprogram,andiscomplementedbyresearchprogramsthatsupportconnectivityamongvehiclesandinfrastructure(V2I)andamongvehiclesandconsumerdevices(V2D)todeliversafetyandmobilitybenefits.
ResearchQuestions
ThefollowingresearchquestionswillbeansweredbytheV2VCommunicationsforSafetyProgram
∙Areapplicationseffectiveandarebenefitsvalidated?
∙Whatinfrastructureisneeded?
Howmuch,where,when,andwhattype?
∙Whatisthedegreeofmarketpenetrationneededandwhatistherequiredtimingforeffectiveness?
∙Whatexistingtechnologiescanbeleveragedtoacceleratein-vehicleequipment?
∙Whatarethespecialneedsandapplicationsfortruckandtransitvehicles?
∙Whatisthebusinesscaseforimplementation?
ResearchApproach
Overview
Since2002,theUSDOThasbeenconductingresearchwithautomotivemanufacturersinordertoassessthefeasibilityofdevelopingeffectivecrashavoidancesystemsthatutilizevehicle-to-vehiclecommunications. Engineeringprototypeshavebeendevelopedanddemonstratedwithapplicationsthataddressthemostcriticalcrashscenarioswhichare:
∙EmergencyBrakeLightWarning
∙ForwardCollisionWarning
∙IntersectionMovementAssist
∙BlindSpotandLaneChangeWarning
∙DonotpassWarning
∙ControlLossWarning
Thedevelopmentoftheseapplicationswascriticaltounderstandingthefunctionalandperformancerequirementsfortheunderlyingtechnologiessuchaspositioningandcommunications. However,additionalworkneedstobedonetoaddressmorecomplexcrashscenariosforhead-oncollisionavoidance,intersectioncollisionavoidance,pedestriancrashwarningandextendingthecapabilitiestopreventmotorcyclecrashes. ItisimportanttonotethatthesecapabilitiescouldbeachievedbyprovidingV2Vcommunicationcapabilitiesthatcomplementothervehicle-basedsafetytechnologies.
ThisresearchplanconsistsofeighttracksthathavebeenidentifiedtorepresentthemajorresearchactivitiesthatarerequiredtoattainaccelerateddeploymentofV2Vbasedsafetysystems. TheworkprogramfortheV2VCommunicationsforSafetywillcontinuetheworkstartedin2002toassessthefeasibilityofdevelopingeffectivecrashavoidancesystemsthatutilizevehicle-to-vehiclecommunications. ThisresearchprogramwillresultinV2Vcommunicationscapabilitiesthatcomplementvehicle-basedsafetytechnologiesthatarecurrentlyavailableorunderdevelopmentthroughouttheautomotiveindustry.
Theworkprogramwilldeliver:
∙Sponsorcollaborativeresearch
∙Guidelinesandstandardsincollaborationwithstakeholders
∙Voluntarystandardsandregulations
∙Complianceandlongertermsafetyimpact
∙Infrastructureandimplementationgovernancemechanism
∙Supportingdataforregulatorydecisions
∙Inputstoindustrystandardsforpromotinginteroperability
∙HumanFactorsguidelines
∙Governance
AmeasureofsuccessfortheV2VCommunicationsforSafetyProgramistheabilitytoanswercriticalresearchquestions. TheV2VRoadmaphasbeendesignedtoprovidetheresearch,information,anddemonstratedcapabilitiestoanswertheseresearchquestions.
ProgramTracks
Track1–CrashScenarioFramework
Thekeyobjectiveofthistrackistoconnectpre-crashscenariostocrashavoidancesafetyapplicationsprovidinginformationthatwillenabletheidentificationofsafetyapplicationfunction,performance,andinitialeffectivenessbenchmarks. Thiswillestablishaframeworkbywhichthecrashscenariosaredefinedandnewcrashavoidancecapabilitiesidentifiedanddescribed;ultimatelyleadingtotheselectionofprototypeapplicationsthatwillbedevelopedundertheV2VCommunicationsProgram.
Track2–Interoperability
Thekeyobjectiveoftheinteroperabilitytrackistoresolveinteroperabilityissuestoensurethatsafetyapplicationsworkacrossallequippedvehiclesanddevices,regardlessofmakeormodelandoriginalequipmentorretrofit. InteroperabilityiscriticaltotheeffectivenessofV2Vsafetysystems.
Track3–BenefitsAssessment
ThekeyobjectiveofthebenefitsassessmenttrackistoestimatethesafetybenefitsthatmayberealizedbydeploymentofvariousV2Vsafetyapplications. Inaddition,amethodologyforestimatingsafetybenefitsfortheseandfuturesafetyapplicationswillbeimplemented. Performancemeasures,objectivetestprocedures,andanadaptedversionoftheAdvancedCrashAvoidanceTechnologies(ACAT)SafetyImpactMethodologywillbeusedtodeterminethesafetybenefits. Onceestimatesofsafetybenefitsarevalidated,thesafetyapplicationwillbeconsideredforeithernewregulationortheNewCarAssessmentProgram(NCAP)process.
Track4–ApplicationDevelopment
ThekeyobjectiveofTrack4istodeveloptheselectedsafetyapplications,identifiedastheresultofTrack1efforts,intosafetyapplicationprototypes. Informationfromthevarioustrackswillprovideaninitialbasisforthedesignanddevelopmentoftheselectedsafetyapplicationprototypes.
Track5–DriverIssues
ThekeyobjectiveofthistrackistodevelopaframeworkthatcanassesstheimpactofdriverissuesontheeffectivenessofV2Vbasedsafetyapplicationswithagoalofdevelopingaframeworkforimplementingdriver-vehicle-interfaces(DVIs)inanenvironmentwhereapplicationsmaybeperiodicallyupdated. Understandingifdrivershaveaccuratementalmodelsisessentialtoachievingthedesiredsafetyimpact.
Track6–VehicletoVehicleCommunicationsPolicyIssues
ThekeyobjectiveofTrack6istoidentifythemainV2Vpolicyissuesandaccomplishcoordinationwithpolicyissuesofthebroaderconnectedvehiclesprogrampolicies. WorkactivitieswillbeaddressedwithintheVehicle-to-VehicleCommunicationsPolicyRoadmapwithcoordinationwiththeV2Vprogram.
Track7–CommercialVehicleApplications
ThekeyobjectiveofthistrackistoensurethatuniqueaspectsofcommercialvehiclesthatarecriticaltothesuccessfuldeploymentofV2Vareaddressed. Onceestimatesofsafetybenefitsarevalidated,thesafetyapplicationwillbeconsideredforCommercialVehicleOperations(CVO)regulationdecision.
Track8–TransitVehicleApplications
TheKEYobjectiveofthistrackistoensurethatuniqueaspectsoftransitvehiclesthatarecriticaltothesuccessfuldeploymentofV2Vareaddressed.Tothatend,acomprehensivetransitvehiclesafetyanalysismustfirstbeconductedthatwillsupporttheidentificationofbothV2VandV2Itransitsafetyapplications.Oncetheapplicationshavebeenidentified,adeterminationwillbemaderegardingwhichapplicationstomovetoprototypedevelopmentandevaluation.
Resources
∙AnApproachtoCommunicationsSecurityforaCommunicationsDataDeliverySystemforV2V/V2ISafety:
TechnicalDescriptionandIdentificationofPolicyandInstitutionalIssues
∙Vehicle-to-VehicleSafetyApplicationResearchPlanRoadmap
∙FrequencyofTargetCrashesforConnectedVehicleSafetySystemsOct2010
∙Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)CommunicationsforSafetyFactSheet
ResearchContacts
ConnectedVehicleApplications
Vehicle-to-Infrastructure(V2I)CommunicationsforSafety
ResearchOverview
Vehicle-to-infrastructurecommunicationsforsafetyisthewirelessexchangeofcriticalsafetyandoperationaldatabetweenvehiclesandhighwayinfrastructure,intendedprimarilytoavoidormitigatemotorvehiclecrashesbutalsotoenabeawiderangeofothersafety,mobility,andenvironmentalbenefits. V2Icommunicationsapplytoallvehicletypesandallroads,andtransforminfrastructureequipment1into“smartinfrastructure”throughtheincorporationofalgorithms
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- USA ITS zuixinjinzhan