新标准大学英语综合教程1课后答案解析及语法.docx

新标准大学英语综合教程1课后答案解析及语法.docx

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新标准大学英语综合教程1课后答案解析及语法

Unitone

Activereading2

Dealingwithunfamiliarwords

4.Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox

1.detect2.admirable3.subways4.inadequate5.scribbling6.persecution

5.Answerthequestionsabouttheexpressions

1.（a）delighted2.（a）needtobedevelopedwithcarefulthinking3.（a）atatimeinthefuture4.（b）tomakesomeoneextremelyafraidandnervous

Languageinuse

with/without

1Matchtheusesofwith/withoutwiththeirdefinitions.

1（a）2（b）3（a）4（c）5（c）6（d）

2Rewritethesentencesusingwith/without.

1Hertutormoveshisheadfromsidetoside.Hertutorspillshiscoffeeintothesaucer.

Withhisheadmovingfromsidetoside,hertutorspillshiscoffeeintothesaucer.

2“Splendid,”hesays.Hedoesn’twaitforananswer.

“Splendid,”hesays,withoutwaitingforananswer.

3FrankMcCourtspeaksinclass.HehasanIrishaccent.

FrankMcCourtspeaksinclasswithanIrishaccent.

4Heplanstogoonthesubway.HehasthebookscoveredinpurpleandwhiteNYUjackets.

HeplanstogoonthesubwaywiththebookscoveredinpurpleandwhiteNYUjacket.

5He’sonlyallowedtotaketwocourses.Heisn’ttoldwhy.

He’sonlyallowedtotaketwocourses,withoutbeingtoldwhy.

6Hewouldliketoaskaquestion.Hedoesn’tliketoraisehishand.

Hewouldliketoaskaquestionwithoutraisinghishand.

Collocations

3Readtheexplanationsofthewordsandphrases.Answerthequestions.

1.climb

（a）Becausetheroomisverysmall.

（b）Youwouldclimbintobedifyouaresotiredthatitfeelslikeahugeeffort.

（c）Youwouldprobablyneedtobendover,andcrawlthroughthehole.

2spill

（a）spiltcoffeealloveryourdesk

Youhaveaccidentlyknockedoveracup/mugandthecoffeehasgone（uncontrolled）alloverthedesk.

（b）toysspilledoutalloverthecarpet

Thetoyswereinacontainer,suchasabox;eithertheboxistoofullsosometoysarefallingoutontothecarpet,ortheboxhasbeentippedoversomostofthetoyshavefallenoutofthebox.

（c）crowdswerespillingoutofthebarsandrestaurants

Manypeopleareleavingthebarsandrestaurantsallatonce,probablybecausetheyareclosingforthenight.

3.join

（a）joinaband

Whentheycanplayamusicalinstrumentandwanttoplaywithothers.

（b）jointheunemployed

Youhavelostyourjobandbecomeunemployed

（c）joinin

Youdothesameactivitythatmostotherpeoplearedoing.

4burstinto

（a）burstintotears

Thewritersuddenlystartedcrying.

（b）burstsintobloom

Flowers,whentheysuddenlyemergefrombuds.

（c）burstintoflames.

Putouttheflamesimmediatelyifyoucan,orkeepwellclearandcalltheemergencyservices（firebrigade）

5clean

（a）acleanlicence

Thisreferstoadrivinglicence.Itmeansthatyouhavebeendrivingsafelyoratleastyouhavenopenaltypointsonthelicence---apersongetssuchpointsasapunishmentafterbreakingthelawontheroadsegspeedingorcausinganaccident,andthelicencethenhasanoteonit（it’snot“clean”）andthepolicehavearecord.

（b）cleanlanguage

Youavoidusingswearwordsorotherexamplesofbadlanguage.

（c）acleanbillofhealth

Herethisphraseisusedmetaphoricallyandmeanssomethingisworkingproperly,forexample,acarmighthave“acleanbillofhealth”afteracheckortestitisworkingcorrectly.

6easy

（a）easy-going

Aneasy-goingpersonbehaves,inarelaxed,calmmannerwithothersandishappytoacceptthingswithoutgettingworriedorangry.

（b）easyontheeye

Apersonwhoiseasyontheeyeispleasanttolookatinappearanceandinthewaytheydress.

（c）easiersaidthandone

Whensomethingiseasiersaidthandone,itiseasytotalkabout,butdifficulttoachieve.

（d）takeiteasy

Whentheytellyouto“Takeiteasy”theycanmeaneitheroftwothings:

Youshouldrestandnotdothingsthatwillmakeyoutired,oryoushouldkeepcalm,beinglessupsetorangry.

4.CompletethesentenceusingthecollocationsinActivity3

1spilloutof2burstintotears3cleanlanguage4easier5climbthrough6spilt7joinin8burstintobloom9cleanlicence10easyontheeye

5TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.

1.Finally,withmymotherredinthefaceandshortofbreath,wefindRoom8,Iunlockthedoor,andweallwalkin.（☞介词with表示状态，不必直译。

）

等我们终于找到8号房间的时候，妈妈已经涨红了脸，上气不接下气。

我打开门锁，我们都走了进去。

2.Sheimpressesme,andIfeelsoignorantthatIshouldn’tevenbreathethesameairasher.

她给我留下了深刻的印象，我觉得自己太无知了，甚至不配跟她呼吸同样的空气。

3.Idon’tknowwhyIhavetobeintroducedtoliteraturebutthewomanintheadmissionsoffice

saysit’sarequirementeventhoughI’vereadDostoyevskyandMelvilleandthat’sadmirableforsomeonewithoutahighschooleducation.（☞翻译时将beintroducedtoliterature变成主动语态更通顺。

）我不知道为什么我非得了解文学。

可是招生办公室的那位女士说这门课是必修课，即使我读过陀思妥也夫斯基和梅尔维尔的小说也得选，一个没上过高中的人能读这些书的确令人敬佩，但这门课是必修课。

4.I’minheavenandthefirstthingtodoisbuytherequiredtextbooks,coverthemwiththepurpleandwhiteNYUbookjacketssothatpeopleinthesubwaywilllookatmeadmiringly.（☞Iaminheaven不能直译成“我上了天堂”，这句话应意译。

）

我乐得飘飘然了，第一件事就是去买所需要的课本，然后用纽约大学紫白相间的护封把它们套起来，这样地铁里的乘客就会向我投来艳羡的目光了。

5.Thentheprofessortellsusideasdon’tdropfullyformedfromtheskies,thatthePilgrimswere,inthelongrun,childrenoftheReformationwithanaccompanyingworldviewandtheirattitudestochildrenweresoinformed.（☞注意两个children的翻译，第一个需意译。

）

接着，教授告诉我们，观念并不是从天而降的现成品。

从长远看，清教徒是宗教改革运动的产物，他们继承了宗教改革运动的世界观，并且他们对孩子的态度体现了宗教改革运动的思想。

6TranslatethesentencesintoEnglish

1他们对业余剧社的介绍给苏菲留下了深刻的印象，于是她就报了名。

（AmateurDramatics;signupfor）

TheirintroductionofAmateurDramaticsimpressedSophiesomuchthatshesignedupforit.

2网络教育为全职人员提供了利用业余时间接受继续教育的机会。

（workfull-time）

Onlineeducationprovidesthosewhoworkfull-timewithopportunitiestoreceivefurthereducationintheirsparetime.

3刚上大学时，他不知道是否需要把老师讲的内容一字不落地都记下来。

（besupposedtodo;scribbledown）

Whenhefirstarrivedatuniversity,hewasnotsurewhetherhewassupposedtoscribbledowneverywordoutoftheprofessor’smouth.

4没人觉察出他隐藏在笑容背后的绝望。

（detect）

Nobodydetectshisdespairwellhiddenbehindhissmile.

5有些学生能轻松自如地与陌生人交谈，可有些学生却很难做到这一点。

（beeasyabout）

Somestudentsareeasyabouttalkingwithstrangers,whilesomeothersfindithardtodoso.

Unit2

Languageinuse

1Rewritethesentences.

1TherestaurantwasinaFrenchseasideresortbytheAtlanticOcean.Yougetexcellentseafoodfromthe

AtlanticOcean.

TherestaurantwasinaFrenchseasideresortbytheAtlanticOcean,whereyougetexcellentseafood.

2Myfatherhaddecidedtotakemeforlunchtoarestaurant.Hewantedmetotrymyfirstoyster.

Myfather,whowantedmetotrymyfirstoysterhaddecidedtotakemeforlunchtoarestaurant.

3TheoysterwasunlikeanythingIhaveevertastedbeforeorsince.Itwasslippery.

Theoyster,whichwasslippery,wasunlikeanythingIhaveevertastedbeforeorsince.

4Chocolateismadefromthebeansofthecacaotree,Theobromacacao.Theobromacacaomeans“food

ofthegods”.

Chocolateismadefromthebeansofthecacaotree,Theobromacacao,whichmeans“foodofthegods”.

5Theworld’sbest-sellingtypeofchocolate,milkchocolate,didn’tappearuntiltheendofthe19thcentury.Milkchocolateissweeterandsmootherthandarkchocolate.

Theworld’sbest-sellingtypeofchocolate,milkchocolate,whichissweeterandsmootherthandarkchocolate,didn’tappearuntiltheendofthe19thcentury.

6DanielPeterperfectedtheprocessofmakingmilkchocolate.HewasSwiss.

DanielPeter,whowasSwiss,perfectedtheprocessofmakingmilkchocolate.

2Rewritethesentences.

1...allsortsofshellfishwhichwereclingingontoeachother...

...allsortsofshellfishclingingontoeachother...

2...abatteryofimplementswhichwereusedtocracktheshells...

...abatteryofimplementsusedtocrackandcrushtheshells...

3…aprocesswhichwasfirsttriedin1825.

…aprocessfirsttriedin1825.

4Condensedmilkisathick,sweetmilkwhichissoldincans.

Condensedmilkisathick,sweetmilksoldincans.

5Hormonesareachemicalsubstancewhichisproducedbyyourbody.

Hormonesareachemicalsubstanceproducedbyyourbody.

wordformation

3Formnewwordswiththefollowingwordsandtheprefixes/suffixesinthetable.

non-:

non-fictionnon-smokernon-stop

-aholic:

alcoholic，shopaholic，workaholic

-sick:

airsick，carsick，seasick

-ful:

helpful，spoonful

4AnswerthequestionswiththewordsyouformedinActivity3.

What’sthewordfor...

1...howyoufeelifseamakesyouill?

（seasick）

2...someonewholikesshoppingalot?

（shopaholic）

3...whatsomethingisifitallowsyoutoachievesomething?

（helpful）

4...aflightwhichgoesdirectlyfromoneplacetoanother?

（non-stop）

5…someonewhodoesn’tsmoke?

（non-smoker）

6...writingwhichisaboutrealpeopleandevents,notimaginaryones?

（non-fiction）

5TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.

1Outsidetheskiesweregreyandastrongwindwasblowingoffthesea.ItlookedasgloomyasIfelt.

外面，天空是灰色的，海面上刮来一阵强风。

天气看起来和我的心情一样阴郁。

2“Now,stopcomplaining,tryoneoysterforme,thenyoucanhavesomethingniceandeasytoeat,maybesomeprawnswithbreadandbutter,”hesuggested,strikinganoteofcompromiseforthefirsttimeduringthewholemeal.“好啦，别抱怨了，就给我尝一只牡蛎，然后你就可以吃些好吃的、顺口的东西，比如黄油、面包加对虾。

”他提议说。

吃了这么长时间的饭，他的话里头一次有了妥协的意思。

3Butwiththeclearconceptionwhichonlyaten-year-oldboycanhave,Istillunderstoodthatthecompromiseincludedeatingthatoyster,sittingonthesideofmyfather’splate.但是，尽管清晰地感觉到了他的妥协——只有一个十岁的男孩才有这样的感觉，我仍然明白这妥协包含着吃掉那只牡蛎，那只放在我父亲的盘子边上的牡蛎。

4Thechocolatesetsintobarswhichwilleasilysnapintopiecesandth