学年四川广元市高一下期第一次段考英语卷含答案及解析.docx
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学年四川广元市高一下期第一次段考英语卷含答案及解析.docx
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学年四川广元市高一下期第一次段考英语卷含答案及解析
2019学年四川广元市高一下期第一次段考英语卷【含答案及解析】
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一、阅读理解
1.IhaveaneighbourwecallHappy.Ihaveneverseenherangryatanythingandneverheardhersayaharsh(难听的)wordtoanyoneoraboutanyone.
HappyandherhusbandBen,70,haveahugegarden.Theyspentmanyhappyhourstogetherworkingonit.MostoftheneighbourswatchedinterestinglyasBendoubledthesizeoftheirgarden.AsthecostoffoodclimbedfasterthanBen'sbeans,weallwishedwealsohadsuchalargegarden.Astherestofusspentourdollarsatthemarket,Happycouldbeseenpickingbeansinherbackyard.
Lastmonth,HappyandBeninvitedmostoftheneighbourhoodoverforan“alldayfoodfest”.Weweretoldtobringglovesandarriveveryearlyinthemorning.Wedidn'tknowwhatwasabouttotakeplace.
By9:
00am,therewerenineofusinthegardenpickingtomatoes,beans,okraandsquash.By10:
00am,therewaslotsoflaughter.Wesharedalotofstories.By5:
00pm,everyonewasalittledrunkfromthewineandbeer.Afterdinner,weplayedgames.Aswewereleaving,HappyandBenhandedeachofusashoppingbagfilledwiththebounty(大量给予之物)oftheday,alreadypackagedandfrozen.Whatadelightfulgift!
Well,thepointwasn'tsomuchaboutthefood.Thetruegiftwasadayoffriendsenjoyingoneanother'scompany.NoneofitwouldhavehappenedifithadnotbeenforHappyandBen'sgarden.Nowtheyhaveablogaboutgardeningincasewedecidetoplantagarden.AndIamsoproudofmytomatoplants!
1.WecaninferthatHappyandherhusbandBen________.
A.areagenerousandwarmheartedcouple
B.sometimesquarrelwitheachother
C.liveonthefoodtheygrowintheirgarden
D.don'tlikespendingtimewithothers
2.AccordingtoParagraph2,peoplewishedtheyalsohadagardensothat________.
A.theydidn'thavetospendsomuchmoneyonfood
B.theycouldgrowvegetablesandsellthematthemarket
C.theycouldinvitetheirneighboursandholdpartiesinit
D.theycouldspendhappyhourstogetherwiththeirfamiliesinit
3.ForwhatpurposedidHappyandBeninvitetheneighbourstotheirgarden?
A.Toaskthemtoattendabirthdayparty.
B.Tohelpthemgettoknoweachother.
C.Toaskthemtosharesomeinterestingstories.
D.Toletthemenjoywhattheygrewinthegarden.
4.Whatdidthewritermostprobablythinkofthetimehespentinthegarden?
A.Itwastoolong.
B.Itwaswonderful.
C.Itwasnotasgoodashethought.
D.Itwastooterrible.
2.LONDON---ABritishjudgeonThursdaysentencedabusinessmanwhosoldfake(假冒的)bombdetectors(探测器)to10yearsinprison,sayingthemanhadn'tcaredaboutpotentiallydeadlyconsequences.
ItisbelievedthatJamesMcCormickgotabout$77.8millionfromthesalesofhisdetectors-whichwerebasedonakindofgolfballfinder-tocountriesincludingIraq,BelgiumandSaudiArabia.
McCormick,57,wasconvicted(判罪)ofcheatslastmonthandsentencedThursdayattheOldBaileycourtinLondon.
"Yourcheatingconductinsellingagreatamountofuselessequipmentsimplyforhugeprofitpromotedafalsesenseofsecurityandinallprobabilitymateriallycontributedtocausingdeathandinjurytoinnocentpeople,"JudgeRichardHonetoldMcCormick."youhaveneitherregret,norshame,noranysenseofguilt."
Thedetectors,soldforupto$42,000each,weresaidtobeabletofindsuchdangerousobjectsasbombsunderwaterandfromtheair.Butinfactthey"lackedanygroundinginscience"andwereofnouse.
McCormickhadtoldthecourtthathesoldhisdetectorstothepoliceinKenya,theprisonserviceinHongKong,thearmyinEgyptandthebordercontrolinThailand.
"Ineverhadanybadresultsfromcustomers,"hesaid.
1.WhywasMcCormicksentencedtoprison?
A.Hesoldbombs.___________________________________B.Hecauseddeathofpeople.
C.Hemadedetectors.____________________________D.Hecheatedinbusiness.
2.Accordingtothejudge,whatMcCormickhaddone_______.
A.increasedthecostofsafeguarding
B.loweredpeople'sguardagainstdanger
C.changedpeople'sideaofsocialsecurity
D.causedinnocentpeopletocommitcrimes
3.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthedetectors?
A.TheyhavenotbeensoldtoAfrica
B.Theyhavecausedmanyseriousproblems.
C.Theycanfinddangerousobjectsinwater.
D.Theydon'tfunctiononthebasisofscience.
4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatMcCormick_______.
A.soldtheequipmentatalowprice
B.waswell-knowninmostcountries
C.didnotthinkhehadcommittedthecrime
D.hadnotgotsuchhugeprofitasmentionedinthetext
3.Belowisaselectionfromapopularsciencebook.
Ifbloodisred,whyareveins(静脉)blue?
Actually,veinsarenotblueatall.Theyaremoreofaclear,yellowishcolor.Althoughbloodlooksredwhenit’soutsidethebody,whenit’ssittinginaveinnearthesurfaceoftheskin,it’smoreofadarkreddishpurplecolor.Attherightdepth,theseblood-filledveinsreflectlessredlightthanthesurroundingskin,makingthemlookbluebycomparison.
Whichworksharder,yourheartoryourbrain?
Thatkindofdependsonwhetheryou’rebusythinkingorbusyexercising.Yourheartworksuptothreetimesharderduringexercise,andshiftsenoughbloodoveralifetimetofillasupertanker(超级油轮).But,inthelongrun,yourbrainprobablytipsit,becauseevenwhenyou’resittingstillyourbrainisusingtwiceasmuchenergyasyourheart,andittakesfourtofivetimesasmuchbloodtofeedit.
Whydoteethfallout,andwhydon’ttheygrowbackingrown-ups?
Baby(or“milk”)teethdonotlastlong;theyfallouttomakebiggerroomforbigger,strongeradultteethlateron.Adultteethfalloutwhentheybecomedamaged,decayed(腐烂)andinfectedbybacteria.Oncethissecondsetofteethhasgrownin,you’redone.Whenthey’regone,theyaregone.Thisisbecausenaturefiguresyou’resetforlife,andwhatcontrolsregrowthofyourteethswitchesoff.
Dooldpeopleshrink(收缩)astheyage?
Yesandno.Manypeopledogetshorterastheyage.But,whentheydo,itisn’tbecausethey’reshrinkingallover.Theysimplyloseheightastheirspine(脊柱)becomesshorterandmorecurvedduetodisuseandtheeffectofgravity(重力).Many(butnotall)menandwomendoloseheightastheygetolder.Menloseanaverageof3-4cminheightastheyage,whilewomenmaylose5cmormore.Ifyoulivetobe200yearsold,wouldyoukeepshrinkingtillyouwere,like60cmtall,likealittleboyagain?
No,becauseoldpeopledon’treallyshrink!
Itisnotthattheyaregrowingbackwards—theirlegs,armsandbackbonesgettingshorter.Whentheydogetshorter,it’sbecausethespinehasshortenedalittle.Or,moreoften,becomemorebentandcurved.
Whydoesspinningmakeyoudizzy?
Becauseyourbraingetsconfusedbetweenwhatyou’reseeingandwhatyou’refeeling.Thebrainsensesthatyou’respinningusingspecialgravity-and-motion-sensingorgansinyourinnerear,whichworktogetherwithyoureyestokeepyourvisionbalancestable.Butwhenyousuddenlystopspinningthesystemgoesoutofcontrol,andyourbrainthinksyou’removingwhileyou’renot.
Wheredofeelingsandemotionscomefrom?
Mostlyfromanancientpartofthebraincalledthelimbicsystem(边缘系统).Allmammalshavethisbrainarea—frommicetodogs,cats,andhumans.Soallmammalsfeelbasicemotionslikefear,painandpleasure.Butsincehumanfeelingsalsoinvolveother,newerbitsofthebrain,wefeelmorecomplexemotionsthananyotheranimalonthisplanet.
Ifexercisewearsyouout,howcanitbegoodforyou?
1.Whatisthecolorofbloodinaveinnearthesurfaceoftheskin?
A.BlueB.Lightyellow
C.RedD.Darkreddishpurple
2.Whydosomeoldpeoplelookalittleshrunkenastheyage?
A.Becausetheirspineisinactiveuse.
B.Becausetheyaremoreeasilyaffectedbygravity.
C.Becausetheykeepgrowingbackwards.
D.Becausetheirspinebecomesmorebent.
3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutourbrainistrue?
A.Inthelongrun,ourbrainprobablyworksharderthanourheart.
B.Whenourbrainsensesthespinning,wewillfeeldizzy.
C.Thebrainsoftheothermammalsareascomplexasthoseofhumans.
D.Ourfeelingsandemotionscomefromthemostdevelopedareainourbrain.
4.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheselection?
A.Togiveadviceonhowtostayhealthy.
B.Toprovideinformationaboutourbody.
C.Tochallengenewfindingsinmedicalresearch.
D.Toreportthelatestdiscoveriesinmedicalscience.
4.“Indeed,”GeorgeWashingtonwroteinhisdiaryin1785,“somekindoffly,orbug,hadbeguntoeattheleavesbeforeIlefthome.”ButthefatherofAmericawasnotthefatherofbug.WhenWashingtonwrotethat,Englishhadbeenreferringtoinsectsasbugsformorethanacentury,andAmericanshadalreadycreatedlightning-bug(萤火虫).ButtheEnglishweresoontostopusingthebugsintheirlanguage,leavingittotheAmericanstocallabugabuginthenineteenthandtwentiethcenturies.
TheAmericanbugcouldalsobeaperson,referringtosomeonewhowascrazyaboutaparticularactivity.Althoughfanbecametheusualterm,sportsfansusedtobecalledracingbugs,baseballbugs,andthelike.
Orthebugcouldbeasmallmachineorobject,forexample,abug-shapedcar.Thebugcouldalsobeaburglaralarm,fromwhichcomestheexpressiontobug,thatis,“toinstall(安装)analarm”.Nowitmeansasmallpieceofequipmentthatpeopleuseforlisteningsecretlytoothers’conversation.Sincethe1840s,tobughaslongmeant“tocheat”,andsincethe1940si
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