道德经林语堂.docx
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道德经林语堂.docx
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道德经林语堂
【佛慧双语弘道馆】——《道德经》汉英对照(林语堂译本)
道德经
老子着
林语堂英译
一章
道,可道,非恒道。
名,可名,非恒名。
无名,天地之始;有名,万物之母。
故常无欲,以观其妙;常有欲,以观其徼。
此两者同出而异名,
同谓之玄。
玄之又玄,众妙之门。
TheTaothatcanbetoldof
IsnottheAbsoluteTao;
TheNamesthatcanbegiven
ArenotAbsoluteNames.
TheNamelessistheoriginofHeavenandEarth;
TheNamedistheMotherofAllThings.
Therefore:
Oftentimes,onestripsoneselfofpassion
InordertoseetheSecretofLife;
Oftentimes,oneregardslifewithpassion,
Inordertoseeitsmanifestforms.
Thesetwo(theSecretanditsmanifestations)
Are(intheirnature)thesame;
Theyaregivendifferentnames
Whentheybecomemanifest.
TheymaybothbecalledtheCosmicMystery:
ReachingfromtheMysteryintotheDeeperMystery
IstheGatetotheSecretofAllLife.
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二章
天下皆知美之为美,斯恶已;皆知善之为善,斯不善矣。
有无相生,难易相成,长短相形,高下相盈,音声相和,前后相随,恒也。
是以圣人
处无为之事,行不言之教,万物作而弗始,生而弗有,为而弗恃,功成而弗居。
夫唯弗居,是以不去。
WhenthepeopleoftheEarthallknowbeautyasbeauty,
Therearises(therecognitionof)ugliness.
WhenthepeopleoftheEarthallknowthegoodasgood,
Therearises(therecognitionof)evil.
Therefore:
Beingandnon-beinginterdependingrowth;
Difficultandeasyinterdependincompletion;
Longandshortinterdependincontrast;
Highandlowinterdependinposition;
Tonesandvoiceinterdependinharmony;
Frontandbehindinterdependincompany.
ThereforetheSage:
Managesaffairswithoutaction;
Preachesthedoctrinewithoutwords;
Allthingstaketheirrise,buthedoesnotturnawayfromthem;
Hegivesthemlife,butdoesnottakepossessionofthem;
Heacts,butdoesnotappropriate;
Accomplishes,butclaimsnocredit.
Itisbecausehelaysclaimtonocredit
Thatthecreditcannotbetakenawayfromhim.
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三章
不尚贤,使民不争;不贵难得之货,使民不为盗;不见可欲,使民心不乱。
是以圣人之治,虚其心,实其腹;弱其志,强其骨。
常使民无知无
欲。
使夫知不敢弗为而已,则无不治。
Exaltnotthewise,
Sothatthepeopleshallnotschemeandcontend;
Prizenotrareobjects,
Sothatthepeopleshallnotsteal;
Shutoutfromsitethethingsofdesire,
Sothatthepeople'sheartsshallnotbedisturbed.
ThereforeinthegovernmentoftheSage:
Hekeepsemptytheirhearts
Makesfulltheirbellies,
Discouragestheirambitions,
Strengthenstheirframes;
Sothatthepeoplemaybeinnocentofknowledgeanddesires.
Andthecunningonesshallnotpresumetointerfere.
Byactionwithoutdeeds
Mayallliveinpeace.
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四章
道冲,而用之或不盈。
渊兮,似万物之宗。
挫其锐,解其纷,和其光,同其尘。
湛兮,似或存。
吾不知谁之子,象帝之先。
Taoisahollowvessel,
Anditsuseisinexhaustible!
Fathomless!
Likethefountainheadofallthings,
Itssharpedgesroundedoff,
Itstanglesuntied,
Itslighttempered,
Itsturmoilsubmerged,
Yetdarklikedeepwateritseemstoremain.
IdonotknowwhoseSonitit,
AnimageofwhatexistedbeforeGod.
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五章
天地不仁,以万物为刍狗;圣人不仁,以百姓为刍狗。
天地之间,其犹橐龠乎虚而不屈,动而愈出。
多闻数穷,不如守中。
Natureisunkind:
Ittreatsthecreationlikesacrificialstraw-dogs.
TheSageisunkind:
Hetreatsthepeoplelikesacrificialstraw-dogs.
Howtheuniverseislikeabellows!
Empty,yetitgivesasupplythatneverfails;
Themoreitisworked,themoreitbringsforth.
Bymanywordsiswitexhausted.
Rather,therefore,holdtothecore.
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六章
谷神不死,是谓玄牝。
玄牝之门,是谓天地根。
绵绵若存,用之不勤。
TheSpiritoftheValleyneverdies.
ItiscalledtheMysticFemale.
TheDooroftheMysticFemale
IstherootofHeavenandEarth.
Continuously,continuously,
Itseemstoremain.
Drawuponit
Anditservesyouwithease.
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七章
天长地久。
天地所以能长且久者,以其不自生,故能长生。
是以圣人后其身而身先,外其身而身存。
不以其无私邪故能成其私。
Theuniverseiseverlasting.
Thereasontheuniverseiseverlasting
IsthatitdoesnotlifeforSelf.
Thereforeitcanlongendure.
ThereforetheSageputshimselflast,
Andfindshimselfintheforemostplace;
Regardshisbodyasaccidental,
Andhisbodyistherebypreserved.
IsitnotbecausehedoesnotliveforSelf
ThathisSelfisrealized
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八章
上善若水。
水善利万物而不争,居众人之所恶,故几于道。
居善地,心善渊,与善仁,言善信,政善治,事善能,动善时。
夫唯不争,故无尤
。
Thebestofmenislikewater;
Waterbenefitsallthings
Anddoesnotcompetewiththem.
Itdwellsin(thelowly)placesthatalldisdain-
WhereinitcomesneartotheTao.
Inhisdwelling,(theSage)lovesthe(lowly)earth;
Inhisheart,heloveswhatisprofound;
Inhisrelationswithothers,heloveskindness;
Inhiswords,helovessincerity;
Ingovernment,helovespeace;
Inbusinessaffairs,helovesability;
Inhiactions,heloveschoosingtherighttime.
Itisbecausehedoesnotcontend
Thatheiswithoutreproach.
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九章
持而盈之,不如其已。
揣而锐之,不可长保。
金玉满堂,莫之能守。
富贵而骄,自遗其咎。
功遂身退,天下之道。
Stretch(abow)totheveryfull,
Andyouwillwishyouhadstoppedintime.
Tempera(sword-edge)toitsverysharpest,
Andtheedgewillnotlastlong.
Whengoldandjadefillyourhall,
Youwillnotbeabletokeepthemsafe.
Tobeproudwithwealthandhonor
Istosowseedsofone'sowndownfall.
Retirewhenyourworkisdone,
SuchisHeaven'sway.
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十章
载营魄抱一,能无离乎专气致柔,能如婴儿乎修除玄览,能无疵乎爱民治国,能无智乎天门开阖,能为雌乎明白四达,能无知乎
生之、畜之,生而不有,长而不宰。
是为玄德。
InembracingtheOnewithyoursoul,
CanyouneverforsaketheTao?
Incontrollingyourvitalforcetoachievegentleness,
Canyoubecomelikethenew-bornchild?
IncleansingandpurifyingyourMysticvision,
Canyoustriveafterperfection?
Inlovingthepeopleandgoverningthekingdom,
Canyourulewithoutinterference?
InopeningandshuttingtheGateofHeaven,
CanyouplaythepartoftheFemale?
Incomprehendingallknowledge,
Canyourenouncethemind
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十一章
三十辐共一毂,当其无,有车之用。
埏埴以为器,当其无,有器之用。
凿户牖以为室,当其无,有室之用。
故有之以为利,无之以为用。
Thirtyspokesunitearoundthenave;
Fromtheirnot-being(lossoftheirindividuality)
Arisestheutilityofthewheel.
Moldclayintoavessel;
Fromitsnot-being(inthevessel'shollow)
Arisestheutilityofthevessel.
Cutoutdoorsandwindowsinthehouse(-wall),
Fromtheirnot-being(emptyspace)arisestheutility
ofthehouse.
Thereforebytheexistenceofthingsweprofit.
Andbythenon-existenceofthingsweareserved.
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十二章
五色令人目盲;五音令人耳聋;五味令人口爽;驰骋畋猎,令人心发狂;难得之货,令人行妨。
是以圣人为腹不为目,故去彼取此。
Thefivecolorsblindtheeyesofman;
Thefivemusicalnotesdeafentheearsofman;
Thefiveflavorsdullthetasteofman;
Horse-racing,huntingandchasingmaddenthemindsofman;
Rare,valuablegoodskeeptheirownersawakeatnight.
ThereforetheSage:
Providesforthebellyandnottheeye.
Hence,herejectstheoneandacceptstheother.
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十三章
宠辱若惊,贵大患若身。
何谓宠辱若惊宠为下,得之若惊,失之若惊,是谓宠辱若惊。
何谓贵大患若身吾所以有大患者,为吾有身,及吾
无身,吾有何患故贵以身为天下,若可寄天下;爱以身为天下,若可托天下。
"Favoranddisgracecauseonedismay;
WhatwevalueandwhatwefeararewithinourSelf."
Whatdoesthismean:
"Favoranddisgracecauseonedismay"
Thosewhoreceiveafavorfromabove
Aredismayedwhentheyreceiveit,
Anddismayedwhentheyloseit.
Whatdoesthismean:
"WhatwevalueandwhatwefeararewithinourSelf"
Wehavefearsbecausewehaveaself.
Whenwedonotregardthatselfasself,
Whathavewetofear
Thereforehewhovaluestheworldashisself
Maythenbeentrustedwiththegovernmentoftheworld;
Andhewholovestheworldashisself-
Theworldmaythenbeentrustedtohiscare.
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十四章
视之不见,名曰微;听之不闻,名曰希;搏之不得,名曰夷。
此三者,不可致诘,故混而为一。
其上不皎,其下不昧,绳绳兮不可名,复归于
物。
是谓无状之状,无物之象,是谓惚恍。
迎之不见其首,随之不见其后。
执古之道,以御今之有。
能知古始,是谓道纪。
Lookedat,butcannotbeseen-
ThatiscalledtheInvisible(yi).
Listenedto,butcannotbeheard-
ThatiscalledtheInaudible(hsi).
Graspedat,butcannotbetouched-
ThatiscalledtheIntangible(wei).
Thesethreeeludeourinquiries
AndhenceblendandbecomeOne.
Notbyitsrising,istherelight,
Norbyitssinking,istheredarkness.
Unceasing,continuous,
Itcannotbedefined,
Andrevertsagaintotherealmofnothingness.
ThatiswhyitiscalledtheFormoftheFormless,
TheImageofNothingness.
ThatiswhyitiscalledtheElusive:
Meetitandyoudonotseeitsface;
Followitandyoudonotseeitsback.
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十五章
古之善为道者,微妙玄通,深不可识。
夫唯不可识,故强为之容:
豫兮,若冬涉川;犹兮,若畏四邻;俨兮,其若客;涣兮,其若凌释;敦兮
,其若朴;旷兮,其若谷;混兮,其若浊。
孰能浊以止静之徐清。
孰能安以久动之徐生。
保此道者,不欲盈。
夫唯不盈,故能蔽而新成。
Thewiseonesofoldhadsubtlewisdomanddepthofunderstanding,
Soprofoundthattheycouldnotbeunderstood.
Andbecausetheycouldnotbeunderstood,
Perforcemusttheybesodescribed:
Cautious,likecrossingawintrystream,
Irresolute,likeonefearingdangerallaround,
Grave,likeoneactingasguest,
Self-effacing,likeicebeginningtomelt,
Genuine,likeapieceofundressedwood,
Open-minded,likeavalley,
Andmixingfreely,likemurkywater.
Whocanfindreposeinamuddyworld?
Bylyingstill,itbecomesclear.
Whocanmaintainhiscalmforlong?
Byactivity,itcomesbacktolife.
HewhoembracesthisTao
Guardsagainstbeingover-full.
Becauseheguardsagainstbeingover-full,
Heisbeyondwearingoutandrenewal.
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