英文字母的发音规则.docx

英文字母的发音规则.docx

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英文字母的发音规则

英文字母的發音規則

（以國中、高一L1~L4單字為例）

基本認識

1.英文為一拼音文字。

字的寫法即其發音。

2.但受時間演變及外語借入，字母漸漸無法代表其發音。

3.五個母音字母（a,e,i,o,u），發音變化較大，但仍有規則。

其他子音字母變化極小。

4.所以，只要熟悉了發音規則，背了字母之後再背音標並不須花費多大精力，甚至沒有背過的單字亦可知道其發音。

同學們切勿因剛開始學習時的一點挫折而放棄。

註：

下列的發音規則幾乎都有例外。

母音的發音規則

I.單音節單字中的a,e,i,o,u發音

1.單音節的-a-發[]。

thankthatathascatbadlastblacksplash

[][][][][][][][][]

例外：

wa-或wha-發[（h）w]。

Wangwatchwaswashwhat

[][][][][]

2.單音節的-e-發[]。

bedpenyesspellgethelpendthenend

[][][][][][][][][]

3.單音節的-i-發[]。

misssickthisspringdidpickJimhillink

[][][][][][][][][]

例外：

high

[]

4.單音節的-o-發[]。

notJohnSpotonclockhotgotsolve

[][][][][][][][]

例外：

dogsong

[][]

coldoldbothJones

[][][][]

somecomedoessonfront

[][][][][]

5.單音節的-u-發[]。

cupbussunupbutlunchrunduckhum

[][][][][][][][][]

例外：

putpull

[][]

II.重音節的a,e,i,o,u發音

6.重音節的-a-發[]。

afterfamilycalendarhappySaturdayanimalrabbit

[][][][][][][]

dancingactionparrotperhapsvocabularybattery

[][][][][][]

blacksmith

[]

例外：

manyanyfatherbasicvarious

[][][][][]

7.重音節的-e-發[]。

pencilveryelementaryelevensevenvegetable

[][][][][][]

messagecenturyplentyengineconnectionsecond

[][][][][][]

dependnecessarygeneralpretend

[][][][]

例外：

eveningPeterEnglish

[][][]

8.重音節的-i-發[]。

winterlittledinnerpicturepicnicfrisbee

[][][][][][]

signaldifficultimitateManilaimagetransmit

[][][][][][]

distancenicknameadditionalRichardinstancemiller

[][][][][][]

characteristic

[]

例外：

irontigerliondialdesignMichael

[][][][][][]

9.重音節的-o-發[]或[]或[]。

brothermotherotherMondaymonkeycover

[][][][][][]

doctorhospitaltomorrowCollins

[][][][]

impossibledropoperatecomplicatedprojectThomas

[][][][][][]

common

[]

onlysofaopenhellotokenTokyo

[][][][][][]

10.重音節的-u-發[]或[ju]。

numberstudysummerhusbandpublicfunnydusty

[][][][][][][]

studentmusiccomputernumerouspeculiar

[][][][][]

例外：

busy

[]

歸納：

若沒有下列特殊情形，五個母音字母的發音應該是

-a-

-e-

-i-

-o-

-u-

重音節

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

輕音節

[]

[]

[]

[]或[]或[]

[]或[]

III.母音+子音+e

11.a+子音+e-a-念[e]且-e不發音

nameclassmatetablelateJaneplaceateage

[][][][][][][][]

imitateoperatenickname

[][][]

例外：

have

[]

12.e+子音+e-e-念[i]且-e不發音

theseChineseeke

[][][]

13.i+子音+e-i-念[a]且-e不發音

finewriteliketimefiveninericeride

[][][][][][][][]

例外：

liveenginemachine

[][][]

14.o+子音+e-o-念[o]且-e不發音

closecokethosehomespokewrotebeforealone

[][][][][][][][]

例外：

comesome

[][]

15.u+子音+e-u-念[ju]且-e不發音

useJuneuseful

[][][]

綜合上面五點可知：

母音+子音+e也就是aeiou

[e][i][][o][ju]

[發原來字母音+子音+不發音]

V.其它

16.輕音節-age念[d]

languagemessageimage

[][][]

17.-al-念[l]

alltallwallfallsmallalwaysalthough

[][][][][][][]

例外：

talkwalk

[][]

18.-ation-念[-en]

vacation

[]

informationrecreationtransportationoccupation

[][][][]

19.-au-念[]

caughttaughtdaughter例外：

laugh

[][][][]

20.-aw-念[]sawdraw

[][]

21.-ay-念[e]

sayplaydayMondayyesterdaybirthdaytoday

[][][][][][][]

22.-ea-念[i]。

readeatpleaseJeanweakcleanreasonable

[][][][][][][]

例外：

breakgreatbreakfast

[][][]

-ear-念[r]

hearearyearnearnearly

[][][][][]

但是earlybear

[][]

23.-ee-念[i]。

sleepseethreeweektreefrisbeefifteenbee

[][][][][][][][]

24.-ere念[r]或[r]或[3]

here

[]

therewhere

[][]

were

[]

25.-ey念[]或[i]或[e]

monkeykeythey

[][][]

26.-oe-念[o]。

toe

[]

27.-oo-念[]或[u]。

goodbooklookcookstoodtookwood

[][][][][][][]

schoolroomnooncoolzootoo例外：

door

[][][][][][][]

28.-ou-念[a]

ourabouthourhousesoundouchaccountant

[][][][][][][]

outletundoubtedlyflourmountcouch

[][][][][]

例外：

youyouthyourfourenoughalthough

[][][][][][]

29.-ow-念[a]

hownowdownflowertownmeowpower

[][][][][][][]

30.-oy-念[]

boytoy

[][]

31.-ue-念[u]

blueSue

[][]

32.a,e,i,o,u五個母音字母在輕音節中都可能發[]

-a-:

breakfastsofaIndianusuallyvegetable

[][][][][]

humandialmachineManilaaccountant

[][][][][]

distancereasonableadditionalThomasinstance

[][][][][]

accordinggeneralalone

[][][]

-e-:

calendarstudentopenHelentelevisionseven

[][][][][][]

operatemarvelousbatterynumerousgeneral

[][][][][]

-i-:

familyanimalbeautifulimpossibledifficult

[][][][][]

complicatedorigin

[][]

-o-:

o'clocktodaysecondseasonlessoniron

[][][][][][]

parrotconnectionsecondmarvelousreasonable

[][][][][]

numerouscommon

[][]

-u-:

beautifuluseful

[][]

33.

ar

er

ir

or

ur

重音節

[r]

[3]

[3]

[r]

[3]

輕音節

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

1）-ar-在重音節中念[r]

arecarparkfarmarthardgardenmarvelous

[][][][][][][][]

例外：

warm

[]

但-ary念[r]

Marylibraryvocabularynecessary

[][][][]

2）-er-在重音節中念[3]

hercertainlyGerman

[][][]

3）-ir-在重音節中念[3]

birdthirtythirteenfirstthirdbirthday

[][][][][][]

4）-or-在重音節中念[r]

morningshortimportantaccordingshortenform

[][][][][][]

origin

[]

例外：

wordwork

[][]

5）-ur-在重音節中念[3]

Thursdayburnnursechurch

[][][][]

5）-ar-,-er-,-ir-,-or-,-ur-在輕音節中，都念[]。

tigernumbersummerdoctorwintercalendar

[][][][][][]

perhapspowerfamiliarTaylorpeculiarcertain

[][][][][][]

millercoverfinger

[][][]

子音的發音規則

＊大部份的子音字母都發相應的子音音標

dropsolvedependhumanoperatetokentransmit

[drp][slv][dpnd][][][][]

所以只要記以下的幾個特例，即可掌握住所有子音字母的發音了。

1.-c-或-ck-念[k]

clockcatpicniccalendarcarclosecleanpicture

[][][][][][][][]

difficultactionrecreationbasicpublicconnection

[][][][][][]

secondcomplicatedprojectclerkcharacteristic

[][][][][]

peculiarcouch

[][]

blacksickpickclocknickname

[][][][][]

2.字首的ce-念[s]

centcenturyCeltics

[][][]

字尾的-ce只念[s]就好

riceplacefaceofficeAlicedistanceinstance

[][][][][][][]

3.-ch-念[t]

chairteacherwatcheachlunchkitchenbench

[][][][][][][]

ouchRichardchurchcouch

[][][][]

例外：

schoolmachinecharacteristicChristopherMichael

[][][][][]

4.-ci-念[s;s]

pencilmedicinedancing

[][][]

5.-g-念[d]

orangeGigiageengineimageorigingeneral

[][][][][][][]

6.-j-念[d]

JoeJohnjustjuniorJimJeanproject

[][][][][][][]

7.-ng念[]

morningWangthingdoingringsingwrongaccording

[][][][][][][][]

但字中-ng-念[g]

Englishhungryfinger

[][][]

8.-nk-念[k]

thankmonkeydrinkink

[][][][]

9.-ph-念[f]

elephanttelephoneChristopher

[][][]

10.-s-念[z]

ispleaseclosehisthesethosedoeshasmusic

[][][][][][][][][]

designreasonable

[][]

11.-s-念[]

televisionusually

[][]

12.-sh-念[]

shewashtrashshortEnglishsplashshorten

[][][][][][][]

13.-th-念[]或[]

thisthatthemotherfatherbrothertheyalthough

[][][][][][][][]

thankbothwiththreethirteenthirtyblacksmith

[][][][][][][]

例外：

Thomas

[]

14.-tion-念[n]

actioninformationreacreationconnectionadditional

[][][][][]

15.-wh-念[hw]或[w]

whatwherewhywhen例外：

who

[][][][][]

16.y-念[j]

youyellowyesyearyouth

[][][][][]

17.-y念[]

studyeveryearlyanyusuallyfamilybusymany

[][][][][][][][]

funnydustynearly

[][][]

但單音節單字中-y念[a]：

mywhybytry

[][][][]

18.兩個相同子音在一起，只念一個即可。

MissBilllittleyellowofficehappy

[][][][][][]

impossibledifficultmessageparrotaccountantbattery

[][][][][][]

funnyadditionalnecessaryhillcommonaccording

[][][][][][]

occupationmillerpull

[][][]

19.下列子音字母不發音，務必要記住。

-gh-不發音。

eightnightrighthighdaughteralthough

[][][][][][]

例外：

laughenough

[][]

-tch-中-t-不發音。

watchkitchen

[][]

wr-中w-不發音。

writewrong

[][]

其它。

knowWednesdayhourdesignundoubtedly

[][][][][]