Method for preparing encapsulated phase change materials.docx
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Method for preparing encapsulated phase change materials.docx
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Methodforpreparingencapsulatedphasechangematerials
Methodforpreparingencapsulatedphasechangematerials
DocumentTypeandNumber:
UnitedStatesPatent4505953
Abstract:
Athermalenergystoragecompositepellet-shapedproductofabout1/8inchto1inchinsize,formedofanouterseamlessshellmemberwhichdefinesacavitythatpermanentlyencasesaphase-changecomposition,thecompositionbeingpresentinaquantitysuchthatthetotalvolumeofthecomposition,whetherinitssolidform,liquidform,orbothformsasinitstransitionstate,neverexceedsthevolumeofthecavity;andaprocessformakingtheproductwhichincludesusingthephase-changecompositioninacompactedpowderformascastaboutwhichtheshellmemberisformedbyroll-coatingsteps.
Inventors:
Chen,JohnsonC.H.(KingofPrussia,PA)
Eichelberger,JohnL.(KingofPrussia,PA)
PlaqueIt!
ApplicationNumber:
06/504029
PublicationDate:
03/19/1985
FilingDate:
06/13/1983
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Assignee:
PennwaltCorporation(Philadelphia,PA)
PrimaryClass:
427/212
OtherClasses:
427/221,427/213,264/7
InternationalClasses:
C09K5/06;E04C2/52;F24J2/34;F28D20/02;C09K5/00;F24J2/04;B05D7/00;C09K3/18
FieldofSearch:
427/213,427/214,427/221,427/3,427/212,252/70,523/200,523/207,523/210,523/211,428/403,428/407,428/304.4,428/221,264/7,165/53,165/104.17
USPatentReferences:
3969547
Processofpreparingpolymer-coatedpowderparticles
July,1976
Isawaetal.
427/214
4256785
Pelletcoatingprocess
March,1981
Dannelly
427/3
4268558
Thermalstoragematerialandprocessformaking
May,1981
Boardman
428/407
4418163
Waterabsorbingcompositecomprisinginorganicpowderencapsulatedwithacrosslinkedcarboxylpolymer
November,1983
Marakamietal.
428/407
OtherReferences:
EncapsulationofPhaseChangeMaterialsinConcreteMasonryConstruction,ProgressReportNo.1,Aug.1977-Feb.1978.
EncapsulationofPhaseChangeMaterialsinConcreteMasonryConstruction,ProgressReportNo.2,Mar.1978-May1978.
PrimaryExaminer:
Lusignan,MichaelR.
ParentCaseData:
CROSSREFERENCETORELATEDAPPLICATIONS
Thisapplicationisacontinuation-in-partapplicationofcopendingapplicationSer.No.466,802,filedFeb.16,1983,nowabandoned,whichwasacontinuation-in-partofSer.No.145,228,filedApr.30,1980,nowabandoned.
Claims:
Weclaim:
1.Aprocessformanufacturingathermalenergystoragephase-changecompositeproduct,comprising:
(a)selectingathermalenergystoragephase-changecompositionhavingaphase-changetransitiontemperaturewithinthetemperaturerangeofthecontemplatedenvironmentinwhichtheproductistobeused,andmaintainingthetemperatureofthecompositionbelowthemeltingpointofthecomposition,afterthecompositionhasbeenfirstmelted,toprovideasolidifiedthermalenergyphase-changecomposition;
(b)convertingthesolidifiedthermalenergystoragephase-changecompositionof(a)toaflowablepowdertoprovideaflowablepowdercompositionwhilemaintainingthecompositionatatemperaturebelowitsmeltingpoint;
(c)compactingandpelletizingtheflowablepowdercompositionof(b)toformdiscretepellet-shapedcompactedpowderstructureshavingalongestdimensionoffromabout1/8inchtoabout1inchandashortestdimensionofatleastabout1/8inchwhilemaintainingatemperaturebelowthemeltingpointofthecomposition,thedegreeofcompactingbeingcontrolledtoprovidecompactedpowderstructuresofsufficientintegritytowithstandcoatingwithawall-formingmaterialaswellasanapparentsoliddensitythatislessthanorequaltotheliquiddensityofthephase-changecomposition;
(d)coatingeachofthecompactedpowdercompositionswithacurableliquidwall-formingmaterialcomprisingfromabout5%to30%byweightoftheproductbaseduponthefinalcuredweightofthewall-formingmaterial,whilemaintainingatemperaturebelowthemeltingpointofthecomposition,saidwall-formingmaterialwheninacuredstatebeingnonreactivewithandsubstantiallyimpermeabletoboththephase-changecompositionandwater;andthen
(e)curingtheliquidwall-formingmaterialoneachofthecompactedpowdercompositionstoformapermanentseamlessshell,thatissubstantiallyimpermeabletoandnon-reactivewithboththephase-changecompositionandwater,whichencapsulateseachofthecompactedpowdercompositionstoprovidetheproduct;
saidproductbeingcapableofdispersionthroughoutrigidbuildingconstructioncomponentswithoutcausingfractureordamagetothecomponentsorproductuponrepeatedthermalchangecyclesoftheencapsulatedthermalphase-changestoragecomposition.
2.Theprocessofclaim1whereinin(d)multiplecoatsoftheliquidwall-formingmaterialareapplied.
3.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim1whereinin(c)theoutersurfacesofthestructuresareconvexshapedwithroundededges.
4.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim1whereinin(d)thewall-formingmaterialisselectedfromthegroupconsistingofacopolymerlatexofbutadiene-acrylonitrile,acopolymerofvinylidenechloride-acrylic,resinouslatexes,rubberlatexes,epoxypolymers,polyurethanepolymers,acrylicpolymers,celluloseacetateandpolyamides.
5.Theprocesssasdefinedinclaim1whereinin(d)thecompactedpowderstructuresarefirstcoatedwithawater-resistantprimersubstance.
6.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim1whereinin(d)thecompactedpowderstructuresarefirstcoatedwithawater-resistantprimersubstanceselectedfromthegroupconsistingofasphalticmaterialoranacrylicpolymerorcopolymermaterial.
7.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim1whereinin(d)thecompactedstructuresarefirstcoatedwithawater-resistantprimersubstancecomprisinglessthanabout5%byweightofthestructure.
8.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim2whereinmicaorsimilarmaterialiscoatedontoatleastoneofthecoatingsofthestructure.
9.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim1whereinin(a)thephase-changecompositionhasaliquiddensitythatisatleast85%butlessthan100%ofthesoliddensityofthecomposition.
10.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim9whereinin(a)thecompositionhasaphase-changetransitiontemperaturewithintherangeofabout7°C.to90°C.
11.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim1whereinin(a)thephase-changecompositionisselectedfromthegroupconsistingofglaubersalteutecticmixture,sodiumhydroxide,polyethylene,sodiumsulfatedecahydrate,sodiumthiosulphatepentahydrate,calciumchloridehexahydrate,magnesiumnitratehexahydrate,theeutecticofmagnesiumnitratehexahydrateandammoniumnitrate,potassiumfluoridetetrahydrate,sodiumacetatetrihydrate,stearicacid,theeutecticofnaphthaleneandbenzoicacidandparaffinichydrocarbons.
12.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim1whereinin(b)abindermaterialisaddedtotheflowablepowdercompositiontoimproveintegrityinsubsequentpelletizinginstep(c).
13.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim1whereinin(b)fillersareaddedtotheflowablepowdercompositiontoprovideanapparentsoliddensityafterpelletizingin(c)thatislessthanorequaltotheliquiddensityofthephase-changecompositionof(a).
14.Aprocessformanufacturingathermalenergystoragephase-changecompositeproduct,comprising
(a)selectingathermalenergystoragephase-changecompositionhavingaphase-changetransitiontemperaturewithinthetemperaturerangeofthecontemplatedenvironmentinwhichtheproductistobeused;
(b)meltingthecompositiontoprovidealiquidcomposition;
(c)maintainingthetemperatureoftheliquidcompositionatatemperaturejustabovethecompositionmeltingpointandthenformingdiscreteshapedstructuresofthecompositionbyagglomeratingthecompositionwithagglomeratormeanstoprovidestructureshavingalongestdimensionoffromabout1/8inchtoabout1inchandashortestdimensionofatleastabout1/8inchandthenmaintainingthetemperatureofthestructuresatatemperaturebelowthemeltingpointofthecomposition,saidagglomeratingbeingcontrolledtoprovidestructureshavinganapparentsoliddensitythatdoesnotexceedtheliquiddensityofthephase-changecomposition;
(d)coatingeachofthestructureswithacurableliquidwall-formingmaterialcomprisingfromabout5%to30%byweightoftheproductbaseduponthefinalcuredweightofthewall-formingmaterial,whilemaintainingatemperaturebelowthemeltingpointofthecomposition,saidwall-formingmaterialwheninacuredstatebeingnonreactivewithandimpermeabletoboththephase-changecompositionandwater;andthen
(e)curingtheliquidwall-formingmaterialoneachofthestructurestoformaseamlessshell,thatissubstantiallyimpermeabletoandnon-reactivewithboththephase-changecompositionandwater,whichencapsulateseachofthecompactedpowdercompositionstoprovidetheproduct;saidproductbeingcapableofdispersionthroughoutrigidbuildingconstructioncomponentswithoutcausingfractureordamagetothecomponentsorproductuponrepeatedthermalchangecyclesoftheencapsulatedthermalphase-changestoragecomposition.
15.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim14whereinin(d)multiplecoatsofaliquidwall-formingmaterialareapplied.
16.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim14whereinin(c)theoutersurfacesofthestructuresareconvexshapedwithroundededges.
17.Theprocessasdefinedinclaim14whereinin(d)thewall-formingmaterialisselectedfromthegroupconsisti
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