辅助生殖医学词汇表.docx

辅助生殖医学词汇表.docx

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辅助生殖医学词汇表

辅助生殖医学词汇表

Callie

Adhesion- Scartissuefrompreviousinjuries,infections,orendometriosisthatformsinandaroundreproductiveorgans,possiblyinterferingwithreproductivecapability.

粘连

AgglutinationofSperm - Stickingtogetherofsperm,oftenduetoinfection,inflammation,orantibodies,whichimpairstheabilitytofertilizeanegg.

精子凝集

AID（Artificialinseminationdonor） -  procedureintroducingspermfromananonymousdonorintothewoman’suterusinordertoachieveapregnancy.

供精人工授精

AIH（Artificialinseminationhudband） -  procedureintroducingspermfrom   thehusbandintothewife’suterusinordertoachieveapregnancy.AlsocalledasIUI

夫精人工授精

Amenorrhea- Absenceofmenstruation.

闭经

Anovulation- Totalabsenceofovulation.Note:

Thisisnotnecessarilythesameas"amenorrhea."Menstruationmaystilloccurwithanovulation.

不排卵

Andrology– Scienceofdiseasesofmales,includinginfertility,spermatogenesisandsexualdysfunction.

男科学

AntispermAntibodies- Protectiveproteinthatexistsnaturally,ormaydevelop,thatcausesclumpingofsperm,thuspreventingorinhibitingfertilization.

抗精子抗体

Aspermia- Absenceofsemenandsperm.

射精障碍

Assistedreproductivetechnology（ART）

辅助生殖技术

AssistedHatching（AH）– Mechanicalorchemicalmanipulationofthezonapellucidatofacilitateimplantationoftheembryo

辅助孵化

Asthenospermia- Conditioninwhichthespermdonotswim（move）atallorswimmoreslowlythannormal.

精子活力低下

Autologouscycle-anARTtreatmentcycleinwhichawomanintendstouse,orusesherownoocytesorembryos.GIFTcyclesareclassifiedseparatelyfromautologouscycles.

自体移植周期

Azoospermia- Conditioninwhichtherearenospermintheseminalfluid.Thismaybeduetoablockageoftransportofspermortoanimpairmentofspermproduction.

无精症

BasalBodyTemperature（BBT）- Temperatureofthewoman,takenorallyuponwakinginthemorningbeforeanyactivity.Usedtohelpdetermineifovulationisoccurring.

基础体温

Biochemicalpregnancy（preclinicalspontaneousabortion/miscarriage）:

apregnancydiagnosedonlybythedetectionofhCGinserumorurineandthatdoesnotdevelopintoaclinicalpregnancy.

生化妊娠

Blastocyst– Thefinalstageoftheembryoatthetimeofimplantation.Now,manylaboratorieswillofferculturingtheembryouptotheblastocyststageandtransferitintheuterusatthisstagetoimprovepregnancyrates.

囊胚

Canceledcycle:

anARTcycleinwhichovarianstimulationormonitoringhasbeencarriedoutwiththeintentiontotreat,butwhichdidnotproceedtofollicularaspirationor,inthecaseofathawedembryo,toembryotransfer.

取消周期

CervicalMucus- Mucusproducedbythecervixwhichpermitspassageofspermtotheuterusandfallopiantubes.Thismucuschangesinvolumeandqualityatthetimeofovulation.

宫颈粘液

Cervix- Lowersectionoftheuterusthatprotrudesintothevagina,throughwhichthespermpasstoreachtheuterus.

子宫颈

Cleavagestageembryo-anembryocomprisingabout8cellsusuallydevelopedby2or3daysafterfertilization

卵裂期胚胎

Clinicalpregnancy:

apregnancydiagnosedbyultrasonographicvisualizationofoneormoregestationalsacsordefinitiveclinicalsignsofpregnancy.Itincludesectopicpregnancy.

临床妊娠（率）Clinicalpregnancyrate

Conception- Fertilizationofawoman'seggbyaman'ssperm.

怀孕，妊娠

Congenital- Characteristicofdefectpresentatbirth,acquiredduringpregnancybutnotnecessarilyhereditary.

先天的

CongenitalAdrenalHyperplasia- Conditionthatoneisbornwithduetothelackofanenzymeneededbytheadrenalgland.Normalproductsoftheadrenalgland,therefore,arenotproduced;thebodytriestostimulatethegland,anditenlarges（hyperplasia）.

先天肾上腺增生

Congenitalanomalies:

allstructural,functional,andgeneticanomaliesdiagnosedinabortedfetuses,atbirth,orintheneonatalperiod.

先天异常

Controlledovarianhyperstimulation（COH）-medicaltreatmenttoinducethedevelopmentofmultipleovarianfolliclesinordertoobtainmultipleoocytesatoocytepick-up（OPU取卵）

控制性超排卵Controlledovarianstimulation（COS）控制性促排卵

Cryopreservation– Thepreservatonofspermorembryosbyfreezing,usuallybyimmersioninliquidnitrogen

冷冻保存

Cryptorchidism- Occurswhenatestesisnotinitsnormalpositioninthescrotum.Itmaybeinthegroinorabdomen.

隐睾症

Delivery-abirtheventinwhichoneormorebabiesof20weeksormoregestationorof400gramsormorebirthweightareborn.

分娩Deliveryrate分娩率

DI（donorinsemination）cycle:

anartificialinseminationcycleinwhichspermnotfromthewoman’spartner（donorsperm）isused.

供精周期

Discontinuedcycle:

anARTcyclethatdoesnotproceedtooocytepick-up（OPU）orembryotransfer.

取消周期

Donationcycle:

anARTtreatmentcyclewhereawomanintendstodonate,ordonatesheroocytestoothers.Adonationcyclemayresultinthedonationofeitheroocytesorembryostoarecipientwoman.Theuseofdonorspermdoesnotalterthedonorstatusofthecycle.

捐赠周期（供卵周期或供精周期）

Dysmenorrhea- Crampingandpainduringthetimeofmenstruation.

痛经

Earlyneonataldeath:

deathofalivebornbabywithin7daysofbirth.

早期新生儿死亡

EctopicPregnancy– pregnancy  inwhichtheembryoimplantsoutsidetheuterinecavity,mostcommonlyinthefallopiantubes.

宫外孕

Egg（Oocyte）Donation- Surgicalremovalofaneggfromonewomanforfertilizationwithpartner'sordonor'ssperm.Theresultingembryoisthentransferredintothefallopiantubeoruterusofanotherwoman.

卵子捐赠

Embryo- Termusedtodescribetheearlystagesoffetalgrowth,fromconceptiontotheeighthweekofpregnancy.

胚胎

Embryo/fetusreduction:

aproceduretoreducethenumberofviableembryosorfetusesinamultiplepregnancy.

减胎术

Embryotransfer（ET）:

aprocedurewherebyembryo（s）areplacedintheuterusorfallopiantube.Theembryo（s）canbefreshorthawedfollowingcryopreservation,andmayincludethetransferofcleavagestageembryosorblastocysts.

胚胎移植

Embryotransfercycle:

anARTcycleinwhichoneormoreembryosaretransferredintotheuterusorfallopiantube.

胚胎移植周期

EndocrineSystem- Systemofglandsincludingthehypothalamus,pituitary,thyroid,adrenalsandtesticlesorovaries.

内分泌系统

Endometriosis- Presenceofendometrialtissue（thenormaluterinelining）inabnormallocationssuchasthefallopiantubes,ovariesandperitonealcavity,oftencausingpainfulmenstruationandinfertility.

子宫内膜异位

Ejaculate- Spermcombineswithfluidfromtheseminalvesicleandathicksecretionfromtheprostategland.Thisfluidisdischargedthroughthepenis.

射精

Endometrium- Liningoftheuterus.

子宫内膜

Epididymis- Elongatedorganinthemalelyingaboveandbehindthetesticles.Itcontainsahighlyconvolutedcanal,whereafterproduction,spermarestored,nourishedanddevelopedforseveralmonths.

附睾

Estrogen- Classoffemalehormones,producedmainlybytheovariesfromtheonsetofpubertyuntilmenopause,whichareresponsibleforthedevelopmentofsecondarysexualcharacteristics,suchasbreasts.

雌激素

Extremelylowbirthweight:

birthweightlessthan1,000g.

极低体重儿

Extremelypretermbirth:

alivebirthorstillbirththattakesplaceafter20butbefore28completedweeksofgestationalage.

极早产

FallopianTubes- Pairofnarrowtubesthatcarrytheovum（egg）fromtheovarytotheuterus.

输卵管

Fetus:

theproductoffertilizationfromcompletionofembryonicdevelopment,at8completedweeksafterfertilization,untilabortionorbirth.

胎儿

Fetaldeath（stillbirth）:

thebirthofaninfantafter20ormoreweeksgestationor400gramsormorebirthweightthatshowsnosignsoflife.

死产

Fertilization- Penetrationoftheeggbythespermandjoiningofgeneticmaterialstoresultinthedevelopmentofanembryo.

受精

Freshcycle:

anARTtreatmentcyclethatintendstouse,orusesembryo（s）thathavenotbeencryopreserved（frozen）.

新鲜周期

Frozen-thawedembryotransfercycle（FET）:

anARTprocedureinwhichcyclemonitoringiscarriedoutwiththeintentionoftransferingfrozen-thawedembryo（s）.Note:

AnFETcycleisinitiatedwhenspecificmedicationisprovidedorcyclemonitoringisstartedwiththeintentiontotreat.

冷冻胚胎移植周期（FET）

Frozen-thawedoocytecycle:

anARTprocedureinwhichcyclemonitoringiscarriedoutwiththeintentionoffertilizingthawedoocytesandperformingembryotransfer.

冷冻卵子周期

Follicle- Structureintheovarythatnurturesthedevelopingeggandfromwhichtheeggisreleased.

卵泡

Follicle-StimulatingHormone（FSH）- Hormoneproducedintheanteriorpituitaryglandthatstimulatestheovarytodevelopafollicleforovulationinwomen,andstimulatestheproductionofsperminthetesticlesinmen.

促卵泡素

FollicularPhase- Firsthalfofthemenstrualcyclewhenovarianfollicledevelopmenttakesplaceandtheeggmatures.

卵泡期

Full-termbirth:

alivebirthorstillbirththattakesplacebetween37and42completedweeksofgestationalage.

足月顺产

Gamete- Maleorfemalereproductivecells-thespermortheegg.

配子

Gestationalage:

thecompletedweeksofgestationofthefetus.

胎龄

Gestationalsac:

afluid-filledstructureassociatedwithearlypregnancy,whichmaybelocatedinsideoroutsidetheuterus（incaseofanectopicpregnancy）.

孕囊

GIFT– GameteIntraFallopianTransfer（transferringoftheeggandsperminthenormalfallopiantubetofacilitatefertilization）

配子输卵管内转移：

基本不做了

Gonads- Glandsthatmakethegametes（thetesticlesinthemaleandtheovariesinthefemale）.

性腺

Gonadotropin– ahormonewhichstimulatesthegonads

促性腺激素

GnRH– gonadotropinreleasinghormone,ahormoneproducedbythehypothalamuswhichstimulatesthepituitaryglandtoproduceFSHandLH.Theyaretwotypesofanaloguesofthehormone,agonist（onewhichactslikethehormone）andantagonist（onewhichblockstheeffectoftheho