1819模块综合检测4Modules16.docx
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1819模块综合检测4Modules16.docx
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1819模块综合检测4Modules16
18-19模块综合检测4Modules1-6
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题;每题2分,总分值30分)
A
Formanyofus,therearefewthingsthatwillcomeclosetothethrillsofwhitewaterrafting(皮划艇运动);afterall,thissportcantakeaturnfortheworse,ifsafetymeasuresareignored.
WhiteNile:
TheWhiteNileflowsfromrathercalmLakeVictoria,butsoonburstsintoamajorforceasitrunsthroughUganda,Tanzania,Rwanda,andSudan.Raftingontheriver,though,isbestenjoyedwhenyou'reinUganda,withrapidstouchingClassV.
ColoradoRiver:
Whenyou'resurroundedbybeautifulnature,it'shardtoconcentrateonthetaskathand.Butamoment'sdistraction(分心)intheColoradoRivercanshakeyourraftinnotime.ThisstretchoftheColoradoRiverhaswhatisprobablythelargestClassVrapidsintheUnitedStates,whichattractsraftingenthusiastsworldwide.
Zambezi:
Africa'sgotsomebigthrillsintheZambeziriver.It'sfullofbigClassⅣVrapids.TheBatokaGorgeiswheretheriverturnsover23rapids,goingonfora15milestretchbelowVictoriaFalls.Thisisbestdescribedasthecontinent'smostthrillingraftingexperience.
TuolumneRiver:
TheTuolumneRiverstretchesforadistanceof27miles,whereyoucanexperiencesomeamazingClassⅣandVrapids.Theriverwilltestyourpaddlingskillswell,asyousailalongthecourse.Thebesttimetobehereisinspring.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。
文章介绍了四个适合激流皮划艇运动的地方。
1.WherecanyouhavethemostfunwhenraftingontheWhiteNile?
A、Uganda. B、Tanzania.
C、Rwanda.D、Sudan.
A [细节理解题。
根据第二段的〝Raftingontheriver,though,isbestenjoyedwhenyou'reinUganda〞可知,白尼罗河的乌干达河段是皮划艇运动者能享受到最多乐趣的地方。
应选A项。
]
2.WhatareClassⅣVrapidsinthetext?
A、Thedangerlyingintheriver.
B、Thesignsthatpeoplemake.
C、Thespeedthatwaterflowsat.
D、Thepopularityoftheriver.
C [推理判断题。
从本文的介绍中可知,ClassⅣVrapids指的是进行激流皮划艇运动时激流的级别,即水流的速度。
应选C项。
]
3.Whatkindofwritingisthistext?
A、Anewsreport.
B、Arecommendationofsomespots.
C、Anargumentativewriting.
D、Anintroductiontoasport.
B [推理判断题。
本文介绍了适合激流皮划艇运动的四个地点,应选B项。
]
B
Firstaidisemergencycareforavictimwithsuddenillnessoraninjurybeforemoreskillfulmedicaltreatmentisavailable.Itmaysaveaperson'slife.Inmanyemergencies,firstaidmaypreventavictim'sconditionfromturningworseandproviderelieffrompain.Firstaidmustbegivenasquicklyaspossible.Inthecaseofthecriticallyinjured,afewminutescanmakeadifference.
Firstaidmeasuresdependuponthevictim'sneedsandtheprovider'slevelofknowledgeandskills.Knowingwhatnottodoinanemergencyisasimportantasknowingwhattodo.Improperlymovingapersonwithaneckinjury,forexample,canleadtopermanentspinalinjuries(脊柱受伤)andparalysis(瘫痪).
Despitethevarietyofinjuries,severalprinciplesoffirstaidcanapplytoallemergencies.Thefirststepistocallforprofessionalmedicalhelp.Thevictim,ifconscious,shouldbereassuredthatmedicalaidhasbeenrequested,andaskedforpermissiontoprovideanyfirstaid.Next,assesstheaccidentscenebyaskingpeoplearoundortheinjuredperson'sfamilyorfriendsaboutdetailsoftheinjuryorillness,anycarethatmayhavealreadybeengiven,andpreexistingconditionssuchasdiabetes(糖尿病)orhearttrouble.Thevictimshouldbecheckedforamedicalcardthatdescribesspecialmedicalconditions.Unlesstheaccidentscenebecomesunsafeorthevictimmaysufferfurtherinjury,donotmovethevictim.
Firstaidrequiresrapidassessmentofvictimstodeterminewhetherlifethreateningconditionsexist.Onemethodforevaluatingavictim'sconditionisknownasABC,whichstandsfor:
A—Airway:
Isitopenandclear?
B—Breathing:
Isthepersonbreathing?
Look,listenandfeelforbreathing.
C—Circulation:
Isthereapulse?
Isthepersonbleeding?
Checktheskincolorandthetemperatureforadditionalindicationsofcirculationproblems.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲的是急救的重要性以及如何实施急救。
4.FirstaidmaybringaboutallthefollowingresultsEXCEPT________.
A、savingavictim'slife
B、preventingavictim'sconditionfromgettingworse
C、relievingavictimfrompain
D、helpingapersonavoidsuddenillnessorinjury
D [细节理解题。
根据文章第一段中的〝Itmaysave...providerelieffrompain〞可知A、B、C三项的内容均为急救的作用。
再根据对急救的描述可知,急救不能避免突发的疾病或伤害。
]
5.Beforeweofferfirstaidtoavictim,itisveryimportantforusto________.
A、makesurewhattodoandwhatnottodo
B、refertoallkindsofhandbooksonfirstaid
C、removethemedicalcardhe/shemaytake
D、takehim/hertohospitalatonce
A [细节理解题。
根据文章第二段中的〝Knowingwhatnottodo...knowingwhattodo〞可知,A项正确。
]
6.Whengivingfirstaidtoavictim,youshouldfirstofall________.
A、removehim/herfromtheaccidentscene
B、turnhim/herover
C、callforprofessionalmedicalhelp
D、examinehim/hercarefully
C [细节理解题。
根据第三段的第二句话〝Thefirststepistocallforprofessionalmedicalhelp〞可知,应选C。
]
7.Youmayassessavictim'sconditionbyallthefollowingEXCEPT________.
A、checkingwhetherthereisapulse
B、looking,listeningandfeelingforbreathing
C、measuringhis/herbloodpressure
D、examiningwhethertheairwayisopenandclear
C [细节理解题。
根据文章最后一部分的内容可知A、B、D三项均正确,而C项没有提及,故应选C。
]
C
Sportisnotonlyphysicallychallenging,butitcanalsobementallychallenging.Criticismfromcoaches,parents,andotherteammates,aswellaspressuretowincancreatetoomuchanxietyorstressforyoungathletes.Stresscanbephysical,emotional,orpsychologicalandresearchhasindicatedthatitcanleadtoburnout.Burnouthasbeendescribedasdroppingorquittingofanactivitythatwasatonetimeenjoyable.
Theearlyyearsofdevelopmentarecriticalyearsforlearningaboutoneself.Thesportsettingisonewherevaluableexperiencescantakeplace.Youngathletescan,forexample,learnhowtocooperatewithothers,makefriends,andgainothersocialskillsthatwillbeusedthroughouttheirlives.Coachesandparentsshouldbeaware,atalltimes,thattheirfeedbacktoyoungsterscangreatlyaffecttheirchildren.Youngstersmaytaketheirparents'andcoaches'criticismstoheartandfindafaultinthemselves.
Coachesandparentsshouldalsobecautiousthatyouthsportparticipationdoesnotbecomeworkforchildren.Theoutcomeofthegameshouldnotbemoreimportantthantheprocessoflearningthesportandotherlifelessons.Intoday'syouthsportsetting,youngathletesmaybeworryingmoreaboutwhowillwininsteadofenjoyingthemselvesandthesport.Followingagame,manyparentsandcoachesfocusontheoutcomeandfindfaultwithyoungsters'performances.Positivesupportshouldbeprovidedregardlessoftheoutcome.Researchindicatesthatpositivesupportmotivates(激发)andhasagreatereffectonlearningthancriticism.Again,criticismcancreatehighlevelsofstress,whichcanleadtoburnout.
【语篇解读】 对从事运动员生涯的孩子,家长和教练往往只注重结果,而对他们过多地批评和指责,以至于对他们产生了消极的影响。
8.Aneffectivewaytopreventtheburnoutofyoungathletesisto________.
A、makesportslesscompetitive
B、increasetheirsenseofsuccess
C、reducetheirmentalstress
D、makesportsmorechallenging
C [细节理解题。
根据第一段的〝Stresscanbephysical,emotional,orpsychologicalandresearchhasindicatedthatitcanleadtoburnout.〞可知,紧张会导致burnout(激情耗尽,撒手不干),所以阻止这种现象发生的有效方法就是减少他们的思想压力。
]
9.Accordingtothepassage,sportispositiveforyoungpeopleinthatit________.
A、canhelpthemlearnmoreaboutsociety
B、enablesthemtofindfaultsinthemselves
C、canprovidethemwithvaluableexperiences
D、teachesthemhowtosetrealisticgoalsforthemselves
C [细节理解题。
根据第二段的〝Thesportsettingisonewherevaluableexperiencescantakeplace.〞可知在运动过程中能获得宝贵的经历,故C项正确。
]
10.Manycoachesandparentsareinthehabitofcriticizingyoungathletes________.
A、believingthatcriticismisbeneficialtotheirearlydevelopment
B、withoutrealizingcriticismmaydestroytheirselfconfidence
C、inordertomakethemrememberlife'slessons
D、soastoputmorepressureonthem
B [推理判断题。
根据文章最后一段可以看出,教练和家长的注意力主要在结果上,希望运动员能赢得比赛,但是显然没有意识到批评可能使年轻的运动员对其从事的运动热情尽失,再也提不起兴趣。
]
11.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassageisto________.
A、teachyoungathleteshowtoavoidburnout
B、persuadeyoungchildrennottoworryaboutcriticism
C、stresstheimportanceofpositivesupporttochildren
D、discusstheskillofcombiningcriticismwithencouragement
C [写作目的题。
本文主要论述的是教练和家长对运动员的影响,指出批评可能会使孩子丧失兴趣,应当多给运动员积极的评价,由此不难看出,本文的目的是强调正面鼓励的重要性。
]
D
It'scoldanddarkoutside,andyourbedissowarmandcomfortable.Goingforarunseemslikesuchabadidea.Butbeforeyouhideyourrunningshoes,itmightbeworthgivingthatcrazyideaago.
AccordingtoTheHuffingtonPost,anoutdoorruninwinter,asopposedtooneonatreadmill(跑步机),burnsmorecaloriesbecausethebodyisworkinghardtoregulate(调节)itscoretemperature.Furthermore,researchshowsthatracetimesarefasterincoldweatherthaninwarmertemperatures—andquickerrunsburnmorecalories.Similarly,coldweatheralsomakestheheartworkhardertodistributebloodthroughthebody,makingthatvitalmuscleevenstronger.
Outdoorexercisealsoturnsupyourenergyandridsyouofthestressanddepressionthatbuildupeveryday.Theheatandhumidityinsummercandragyoudownandtireyoufaster,butcoldweatherisrefreshing.Itadjustsyoutoyoursurroundings,makingyoufeelalive.
Ofcourse,thethreatofsmoginsomebuiltupareasisafurtherhurdletowinterexercise.Heartattacks,strokes,lungcancerandasthmaarealldangersofrunninginsmog.Thecombinationofairpollutionandexerciseincreasesthepotentialproblems.Ifyoudochoosetorunoutsideonsmoggydays,takeapathinaparkorresidentialareatoavoidcarexhaust(废气),andgoearlyinthemorning,beforerushhour.Butstayinginsideonsmoggydaysandwaitingforthenextcleardaytorunisbest.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了冬季户外跑步的意义和方法。
冬季户外跑步能燃烧更多的热量,让肌肉更强健,心脏更健康,但是应当避免在雾霾时进行户外活动。
12.Howdoescoldweatherb
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