英语三级真题及解析.docx

英语三级真题及解析.docx

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英语三级真题及解析

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试（A）

2010.11.06

PartIReadingComprehension（30%）

Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

Passage1

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

1.Archaeology,likemanyacademicwords,comesfromGreekandmeans,moreorless,“thestudyofoldthings”.So,itisreallyapartofthestudyofhistory.However,mosthistoriansusepaperevidence,suchasletters,paintingsandphotographs，butarchaeologists（考古学家）learnfromtheobjectsleftbehindbythehumansoflongago.Normally,thesearethehardmaterialsthatdon'tbreakdownordisappearveryquickly—thingslikehumanbonesandobjectsmadefromstoneandmetal.

2.Itisveryunusualtofindanythingmorethanthehardevidenceofhistory--normally,thebacteria（细菌）intheaireatawayatsoftmaterials,likebodies,clothesandthingsmadeofwood.Occasionally,thingsaredifferent.

3.In1984,twomenmadeanamazingdiscoverywhileworkinginabogcalledLindowMoss,inthenorthofEngland.Abogisaverywetareaofearth,withalotofplantsgrowinginit.Itcanbelikeaverybigandverythickvegetablesoup—walkinthewrongplaceandyoucansinkanddisappearforever.Themenwereworkingwhenoneofthemsawsomethingstickingout—ahumanfoot!

Naturally,themencalledthepolice，whothenfoundtherestofthebody.Wasitacaseofmurder?

Possibly--butitwasadeathnearlytwothousandyearsold.ThetwomenhadfoundabodyfromthetimeoftheRomaninvasionofBritain.Despitebeingsoold,thisbodyhadskin,muscles,hairandinternalorgans—thescientistswhoexaminedhimwereabletolookinsidetheman'sstomachandfindthefoodthathehadeatenforhislastmeal!

4.Whywasthismansowellpreserved?

（76）Itwasbecausehewasinaverywateryenvironment,safefi:

omthebacteriathatneedoxygentolive.因为他被置于相当潮湿多水的环境，需要氧气才能生存的细菌无法侵害到他。

Also,thewaterinthebogwasveryacidic.Theacidpreservedtheman'sskininthewaythatanimalskinispreservedforleathercoatsandshoes.

5.Howdidhedie?

Understandably,archaeologistsandotherscientistswantedtoknowmoreaboutthepersonthattheycalled,“LindowMan”.（77）Hishandsandfingernailssuggestedthathehadn'tdoneheavymanualworkinhislife—hecouldhavebeenarichman.77.他的手和指甲显示：

他一生中没有从事过繁重的手工劳动，他很有可能是个有钱人。

Theyfoundthathehadn'tdiedbyaccident.Thearchaeologistsbelievethathewassacrificedtothreedifferentgods.

1.Whichlanguagedoestheword“archaeology”comefrom?

A.French.B.Greek.C.Roman.D.German.

2.Theword“these”inthefirstparagraphrefersto_______.

A.lettersB.photographsC.paintingsD.objects

3.Whichofthefollowinghelpedtopreserve“LindowMan”?

、四段

A.IceandIowtemperature.B.Bacteriaandoxygen.

C.Soilandenergy.D.Acidandwater.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.“LindowMan”wasnamedafterthepersonwhofirstfoundhim.

B.Historiansusuallyusepaperevidence,whilearchaeologistsusehardevidence.

C.“LindowMan”wasfoundbytwoarchaeologistsinthesouthofEngland.三段

D.“LindowMan”wasgoodatmanualwork.

5.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WhatIsArchaeology?

B.ArchaeologyandHistory

C.AnAmazingArchaeologicalDiscovery

D.TheDeathof“LindowMan”

Passage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

1.Thecityhasalwaysbeenanengineofintellectuallife,fromthe18th-centurycafesofLondon,wherecitizensgatheredtodiscusschemistryandpolitics,totheLeftBankbarsofmodernParis,wherePicassotalkedaboutmodemart.Withoutthemetropolis,wemightnothavehadthegreatartofShakespeare.

2.Andyet,citylifeisn'teasy.Nowscientistshavebeguntoexaminehowthecityaffectsthebrain,andtheresultsaredepressing.Justbeinginanurbanenvironment,theyhavefound,impairs（损害）ourbasicmentalprocesses.（78）Afterspendingafewminutesonacrowdedcitystreet,thebrainislessabletoholdthingsinmemory,andsuffersfromreducedself-control.78.在熙熙攘攘的城市街道上呆几分钟，大脑的记忆力就会下降，自制力也会有所减弱。

thatcitylifeisexhausting,thisnewresearchsuggeststhatcitiesactuallydullourthinking,sometimesdramaticallyso.

3.Oneofthemainforcesatworkisacompletelackofnature,whichissurprisinglybeneficialforthebrain.Studieshavedemonstrated,forinstance,thathospitalpatientsrecovermorequicklywhentheycanseetreesfromtheirwindows,andthatwomenlivinginpublichousingarebetterabletofocuswhentheirapartmentsoverlookalawn.Eventheseglimpsesofnatureimprovebrainperformance,itseems,becausetheyprovideamentalbreakfromtheurbanlife.

4.Thisresearcharrivesjustashumanscrossanimportantmilestone（里程碑）.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,themajority绝大多数人ofpeopleliveincities.Insteadofinhabitingwide-openspaces,we'recrowdedintoconcretejungles,surroundedbytrafficandmillionsofStrangers陌生人.Inrecentyears,it'sbecomeclearthatsuchunnaturalsurroundingshaveimportantimplicationsforourmentalandphysicalhealth,andcanpowerfullyalterhowwethink.

5.Thisresearch研究成果isalsoleadingsomescientiststodabble（涉足）inurbandesign,astheylookforwaystomakethecitylessdamagingtothebrain.（79）Thegoodnewsisthatevenslightalterations,suchasplantingmoretreesintheinnercityorcreatingurbanparkswithagreatervarietyofplants,cansignificantlyreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife好消息就在于即使是微小的改变如在城市中种一些树并创建更多种有多种植物的城市花园都可以大幅度的减少城市生活对我们的负面作用.Themindneedsnature,andevenalittlebitcanbeabighelp.

6.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Thecityinspirestalentedpeople.

B.Thecityhurtsyourbrain.

C.Thecityhasmanypleasuresandbenefits.

D.Thecityseriouslyaffectsthenaturalbalance.

7.Theword“metropolis”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_______.

A.citizenB.natureC.cityD.stress

8.Peoplehavejustcometorealize刚刚意式到that_______.

A.humanattentionisascarceresource

B.citylifecanmakepeopleverytired

C.thecityisanengineofintellectuallife

D.anurbanenvironmentisdamagingtothebrain

9.Whatisthefactormentionedinthethirdparagraphthathelpsthehospitalpatientsrecovermorequickly?

A.Nature.B.Bettertreatment.

C.Experienceddoctors.D.Goodmedicine.

10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Differentaspects（方面）ofanurbanenvironment,suchasthecrowdedstreets,canleadtoanincreaseinself-control.

B.Smallchangesinurbandesign,cannotreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife.

C.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,theearth'spopulationismoreurbanthanrural.

D.Awalkdownabusycitystreetwillimprovebrainperformance.

Passage3

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

1.Breastfeeding（母乳喂养）foramonthorlongerappearstoreduceawoman'sriskofgettingdiabetes（糖病）laterinlife,accordingtoanewstudy.Thebreastfeedinganddiabeteslinkhasbeenreportedinotherstudies,accordingtoresearcherEleanorSchwarz.Yet,herstudymakesthelinkeasiertobelieve.HerstudyispublishedinajournalofmedicineinAmerica.Schwarzandhercolleagueslookedatdataaboutbreastfeedingpractices.Theyevaluateddataon2,233womenf~omCalifomia.Ofthose,405werenotmothers,1,125weremotherswhobreastfedforatleastamonth,and703weremotherswhohadneverbreastfed.Theywere40to78yearsold.

2.AccordingtoSchwarz'sstudy,theriskofgettingadiagnosis（诊断）ofType2diabetesforwomenwhobreastfedalltheirchildrenforamonthorlongerwassimilartothatofwomenwhohadnotgivenbirth.Butmotherswhohadneverbreastfedwerenearlytwiceaslikelytodevelopdiabetesaswomenwhohadnevergivenbirth.Motherswhoneverbreastfedwereabout1.4timesaslikelytodevelopdiabetesaswomenwhobreastfedforonetothreemonths,Schwarzfound.

3.Whileonemonthofbreastfeedingappearstomakeadifference,Schwarzsays,evenlongerisbetter.（80）“Previousstudieshaveshownthelongerthemombreastfeeds,themorebenefitforherbody.先前的研究已经表明：

妈妈母乳喂养的时间越长，对她本人的身体越有利”Manyexpertsrecommendbreastfeedingforsixmonthsandcontinuingforayear,shesays.

4.Thediabetes-breastfeedinglinkisprobablyexplainedbybellyfat.Mothers,whodon'tbreastfeed,astheygetolder,mayhavemorebellyfat,asbreastfeedinghelpsnewmotherstakeoffweight.“Bellyfatincreasestheriskofdiabetesasyougetolder,”shesays.

5.Thefindingisn'tsurprisingatall,saysKimberlyGregory.Sheoftengivesadvicetowomenwhogetdiabetes（occurringduringpregnancy（怀孕））thattheyareatriskforlatergettingType2diabetesandsuggeststheybreastfeed.ThenewfindingswillprobablyinspireGregorytoaddtothe-adviceshegivesmoms-to-beaboutthebenefitsofbreastfeeding.Sheoftenfocusesonthebenefitstothebaby.

11.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Abouttwothousandandtwohundredoldwomentookpartinthestudy.

B.EleanorSchwarz'sresearchprogramwasaboutmenandwomenwhosufferedfromdiabetes.

C.Overonefifthsofthewomennevergotmarried.

D.EleanorSchwarz'sresultsseemmorereliable.

12.AccordingtoSchwarz'sfindings,whoaremorelikelytogetdiabeteslaterinlife?

A.Thosemotherswhohadneverbreastfed.

B.Thosemotherswhonevergavebirth.

C.Thosemotherswhobreastfedforamonth.

D.Thosemotherswhobreastfedforsi