大学英语阅读.docx
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大学英语阅读.docx
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大学英语阅读
【网络综合-大学英语四六级考试(CET)四级】
该文章转载自无忧考网:
TheThreattoKiribati
ThepeopleofKiribatiareafraidthatonedayinthenot-too-distantfuture,theircountrywilldisappearfromthefaceoftheearth-literally.Severaltimesthisyear,thePacificislandnationhasbeenfloodedbyasuddenhightide.Thesetides,whichsweptacrosstheislandanddestroyedhouses,camewhentherewasneitherwindnorrain."Thisneverhappenedbefore,"saytheoldercitizensofKiribati.
Whatiscausingthesemysterioushightides?
Theanswer.maywellbeglobalwarming.Whenfuelslikeoilandcoalarebeingburned,pollutants(污染物)arereleased;thesepollutantstrapheatintheearth'satmosphere.Warmertemperaturescausewatertoexpandandalsocreatemorewaterbymeltingglaciers(冰川)andpolar(极地的)icecaps.
Ifthetrendcontinues,scientistssay,manycountrieswillsuffer.Bangladesh,forexample,mightloseone-fifthofitsland.Thecoral(珊瑚)islandnationsofthePacific,likeKiribatiandtheMarshallIslands,however,wouldfaceanevenworsefate-theywouldbeswallowedbythesea.Thelossofthesecoralislandswouldbeeveryone'sloss.Coralformationsarehometomorespeciesthananyotherplaceonearth.
Thepeopleofthesenationsfeelfrustrated.Thesea,onwhichtheireconomieshavealwaysbeenbased,issuddenlythreateningtheirexistence.Theydon'thavethemoneyforexpensivetechnologicalsolutionslikeseawalls.Andtheyhavenocontroloverthepollutants,whhicharebeingreleasedmainlybyactivitiesinlargeindustrializedcountries.Alltheycandoistohopethatindustrializedcountrieswilltakestepstoreducepollution.
16ThepeopleofKiribatiworrythatonedaytheircountrywillbetakenawaybyasuddenhightide.
ARightBWrong CNotmentioned
17HightidesusedtoattackKiribatiwhentherewasstrongwindorheavyrain.
ARightBWrong CNotmentioned
18Theheatreleasedbyburningoilandcoalisthedirectcauseofglobalwarming.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
19Scientistsarenotsurehowserioustheeffectsofglobalwarmingwillbe.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
20ThecoralislandnationsofthePacifichavealonghistoryofcivilization.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
21Thepeopleofthecoralislandnationsareunabletodoanythingsubstantialabouttheproblemofglobalwarming.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
22Someindustrializedcountriesareunwillingtospendmoneyinreducingpollution.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
【参考答案】
16.A17.A18.B19.B20.C21.A22.C
FastenYourSeatbelts
Severeturbulence(湍流)cankillaircraftpassengers.Now,intestflightsovertheRockyMountains,NASA(美国航空航天局)engineershavesuccessfullydetectedclear-airturbulenceupto10secondsbeforeanaircrafthitsit.
Clear-airturbulenceoftencatchespilotsbysurprise.Invisibletoradar,itisdifficulttoforecastandcanhurl(用力抛出去)passengersaboutthecabin.InDecember1997,onepassengerdiedandahundredotherswereinjuredwhenunexpectedroughaircausedaUnitedAirlinesflightoverthePacifictodrop300metersinafewseconds.
However,passengerscanavoidseriousinjurybyfasteningtheirseatbelts."Itistheonlyantidote(对策)forthissortofthing,"saysRodBogue,projectmanageratNASA's
DrydenFlightResearchCenterinEdwards,California.
Thecentre'snewturbulencedetectorisbasedonlidar,orlaser,radar.Laserpulsesaresentaheadoftheplaneandthesearethenreflectedbackbyparticlesintheair.ThetechniquedependsontheDopplerEffect.Thewavelengthofthelightshiftsaccordingtothespeedatwhichtheparticlesareapproaching.Incalmair,thespeedequalstheplane'sairspeed.Butastheparticlesswirl(打漩)inroughair,theirspeedofapproachincreasesordecreasesrapidly.Therateofchangeinspeedcorrespondstotheseverity(激烈程度)oftheturbulence.
Inaseriesofteststhatbeganlastmonth,aresearchjetflewrepeatedlyintodisturbedairroverthemountainridges(山脉)nearPueblo,Colorado.Thelidardetectorspottedturbulencebetween3and8kilometersahead,anditsforecastsofstrengthanddurationcorrespondedcloselywiththeturbulencethattheplaneencountered.
Boguesaysthathehad"acomfortableamountoftime"tofastenhisseatbelt.Theresearchersareplanningtoimprovethelidar'srangewithamorepowerfulbeam.Thesystemcouldbeinstalledoncommercialaircraftinthenextfewyears.
36Whatdoes"clear-airturbulence"probablymean?
(Paragraph1)
A Anotveryroughstorm.
B Unexpecteddisturbedair.
C Akindofvisiblestorm.
D Astormovermountainridges.
37InDecember1997,aUnitedAirlinesflighthitunexpectedroughair
A causingalotofdamagetotheplane.
B throwingitspassengersoutofthecabin.
C resultinginheavycasualties.
D forcingthepilottomakeanemergencylanding.
38Theturbulencedetectorcantelltheseverityoftheturbulencebymeasuring
A thespeedoftheplane.
B thespeedofthelight.
C thenumberofparticlesintheair.
D thechangesoftheparticles'speed.
39Wecaninferfromthefifthparagraphthat
A thelidardetectorcansuccessfullyforecastturbulence.
B researchersarenotsureabouttheeffectivenessofthelidardetector.
C passengerplaneswillbeusedinfurtherexperiments.
D nomoretestflightsareneeded.
40Thelastparagraphtellsus,amongotherthings,that
A thelidardetectorneedsimprovement.
B manyairlinesareinterestedinthesystem.
C passengersoftenforgettofastentheirseatbelts.
D thelidardetectorcanbeusedinawiderangeofareas
【参考答案】36.B37.C38.D39.A40.A
Withdrawalsymptomsexperiencedbyyoungpeopledeprivedofgadgetsandtechnologyiscomparedtothosefeltbydrugaddictsorsmokersgoing“coldturkey”,astudyhasconcluded。
Researchersfoundnearlyfourinfivestudentshadsignificantmentalandphysicaldistress,panic,confusionandextremeisolationwhenforcedtounplugfromtechnologyforanentireday。
Theyfoundcollegestudentsatcampusesacrosstheglobeadmittedbeing“addicted”tomoderntechnologysuchasmobilephones,laptopsandtelevisionaswellassocialnetworkingsuchasFacebookandTwitter。
A“clearmajority"ofalmost1,000universitystudents,interviewedat12campusesin10countries,includingBritain,AmericaandChina,wereunabletovoluntarilyavoidtheirgadgetsforonefullday,theyconcluded。
TheUniversityofMarylandresearchdescribedstudents’thoughtsinvividdetail,inwhichtheyadmittocravings,anxietyattacksanddepressionwhenforcedtoabstainfromusingmedia。
OneunnamedAmericancollegestudenttoldoftheiroverwhelmingcravings,whichtheyconfessedwassimilarto“itchinglikeacrackhead(crackcocaineaddict)”。
Thestudyconcludedthat“moststudents...failedtogothefull24hourswithoutmedia”。
Theresearch,titledTheWorldUnplugged,alsofoundstudentsused“virtuallythesamewordstodescribetheirreactions”.Theseincludedemotionssuchasfretful,confused,anxious,irritable,insecuree,nervous,restless,crazy,addicted,panicked,jealous,angry,lonely,dependent,depressed,jitteryandparanoid。
ProfSusanMoeller,wholedtheresearch,saidtechnologyhadchangedthestudents’relationships。
"Studentstalkedabouthowscaryitwas,howaddictedtheywere,”shesaid。
"Theyexpectedthefrustration.Buttheydidn'texpecttohavethepsychologicaleffects,tobelonely,tobepanicked,theanxiety,literallyheartpalpitations。
“Technologyprovidesthesocialnetworkforyoungpeopletodayandtheyhavespenttheirentirelivesbeing‘pluggedin’。
”
一项研究得出结论说,年轻人被迫脱离科技产品时感觉到的症状和瘾君子突然戒毒或戒烟时的感觉很相似。
研究人员发现,近五分之四的学生在被迫脱离科技产品一整天时,会感到严重的心理和生理不适,并会感到恐慌、迷惑和极度孤独。
他们发现,全球各地的大学生均承认对手机、笔记本电脑、电视以及Facebook和Twitter等社交网络这些现代科技产物“上了瘾”。
这项调查涵盖了英国、美国、中国等10个国家的12所高校的近1000名大学生,调查发现,“绝大多数”大学生无法让自己一整天不去用这些科技产品。
马里兰大学的这项研究生动地描述了学生想法的种种细节。
学生们承认,在被迫脱离这些媒介工具时,他们会产生强烈的欲望,感到焦虑和抑郁。
一位不愿披露姓名的美国大学生描述了这种强烈的欲望。
大学生们承认这和吸食强效纯可卡因的瘾君子毒瘾发作很相似。
该研究得出结论说,“大部分学生……无法持续24小时脱离媒介工具”。
这项名为《拔掉电源插头的世界》的研究还发现,学生们用“几乎一样的字眼来形容他们的反应”。
这些形容词表达的情绪包括烦躁、迷惑、焦虑、易怒、不安全感、紧张、坐立不安、疯狂、上瘾、恐慌、嫉妒、生气、寂寞、过分依赖、抑郁、心神不宁、偏执等。
这一研究的领头人苏珊•莫勒教授说,科技已经改变了学生之间的关系。
她说:
“学生们描述了没有科技产品的可怕情景,以及他们上瘾的程度。
”
“他们预料自己会感到沮丧。
但他们没预料到会产生心理影响,会感到寂寞、恐慌、焦虑,甚至会感到心悸。
”
“科技为现在的年轻人提供了社交网络,他们的整个生活都是‘插上电源插头的’。
”
MillionsofyoungstersacrossEuropecouldsufferpermanenthearinglossafterfiveyearsiftheylistentoMP3playersattoohighavolumeformorethanfivehoursaweek,EUscientistswarnedMonday.
欧盟科学家于本周一向欧洲数百万年轻的MP3使用者发出警告,如果他们以很高的音量每周听MP3超过五个小时,五年后可能会永久失聪。
Thescientists'study,requestedbytheEuropeanCommission,attackedtheconceptof"leisurenoise,"sayingchildrenandteenagersshouldbeprotectedfromincreasinglyhighsoundlevels--withloudmobilephonesalsocominginforcriticism.
欧洲委员会委托开展的此项研究矛头直指时下的“休闲噪音”,并指出青少年尤其要远离过高音量。
同时,手机噪音也成为被抨击的对象。
"Therehasbeenincreasingconcernaboutexposurefromthenewgenerationofpersonalmusicplayerswhichcanreproducesoundsatveryhighvolumeswithoutlossofquality,"theCommission,theEU'sexecutivearm,saidinastatement.
欧盟执行机构欧洲委员会在一份声明中表示:
“新一代的音乐播放器在以很高音量播放音乐的情况下仍能够保证声音不失真,而这所引发的听觉安全问题已受到越来越多的关注。
”
"Riskforhearingdamagedependsonsoundlevelandexposuretime,"itsaid.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplewereexposedtothesignificantthreatthatleisurenoiseposedtohearing,itsaid.
声明称:
“听力损害威胁主要取决听音乐时的音量大小和使用时间”。
如今,越来越多的年轻人面临‘休闲噪音’对听觉造成的严重威胁。
Commissionexpertsestimatethatbetween50and100millionpeoplelistentoportablemusicplayersonadailybasis.
据欧洲委员会的专家估计,欧洲每天有5000万至1亿人使用便携式音乐播放器。
Iftheylistenedforonlyfivehoursaweek
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