挖掘机中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx
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挖掘机中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx
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挖掘机中英文对照外文翻译文献
(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)
中英文翻译
外文文献
ASummaryofSmall-sizeExcavatorsHomeandAbroad
I.Thebriefintroductionofhydraulicexcavator
Partssuchasthehydraulicexcavatorisbyengine,hydraulicsystemandworksdeviceandwalksdeviceandelectriccontroletcareformed.Thehydraulicsystemisformedbyhydraulicpump,controlvalve,hydrauliccylinder,hydraulicpressuremotor,piperouteandfueltanketc.Theelectriccontrolsystemincludessupervisiondish,motorcontrolsystem,pumpbrainandvariouskindsofsensorandsolenoidvalvesetc.Thehydraulicexcavatorisgeneralbytheworkdeviceandturnsroundthedeviceandwalksdevicethreeismostlyformed.Accordingtohisconstructionanduse,wecandifferentiate:
manykindsoftypessuchascaterpillartreadtype,tyretype,walktype,fullhydraulicpressure,halfhydraulicpressure,turnsroundentirely,notturnsroundentirely,utilityversion,mouldforaspecialpurpose,thejoiningwithahingetypeandarmtypestretchedoutanddrawnbacketc.
Theworkdeviceisdirectlyaccomplishingthedevicethatexcavatestheassignment.Ithasbeenjoinedwithahingebymovesthearm,fightsthepoleandshovelsthefilletcthreeparts.Movingthatthearmrisesandfallsandthepolefoughtstretchesoutanddrawsbackandshovelingfightingmovesallwithmovingbackandforthtypetwoeffecthydrauliccylinderscontrol.Inordertosuittheneedsofvariousdifferenceconstructionschoolassignments,thehydraulicpressureexcavatorcanbejoinedinmarriageloadingmanykindsofworkdevices,ifexcavatingandmanykindsofschoolassignmentmachinesandtoolssuchasliftingjob,loading,leveling,clampandpushessoilandshockhammeretc.
Turningroundandwalksthedeviceistheorganismofhydraulicpressureexcavator,uppersettinguppower-ondeviceandtransmissionsystemofturntable.Theengineisthepowersupplyofhydraulicpressureexcavator,andadoptsdieseloilwillalsocanmodifytheelectromotorintheconvenientplacemostly.
Thehydraulicdrivesystembywayofthehydraulicpumpwiththeenginethemotiveforcetransmissiontohydraulicpressuremotorandhydrauliccylinderetcactuator,thepromotionworkdevicemoves,thusaccomplishesthevariousschoolassignments.TakemorePV-200'smouldhydraulicpressureexcavatorsofuseinbuildingsiteastheexample.Thismachineadoptsthetypetheopeningcenterloadofadvancedversiontobepassedfeelingsystem(OLSS).Thissystemiswithobliqueofcontroltypeobliquethemethodofangle(exportvolumeofflow)variableplungerpump,andreducedthepowerdeliveryofengine,thusreducestheoilconsumptionburnt,andisonekindofsavingenergymouldsystem.Thecharacteristicofthiskindofhydraulicsystemis:
thefixedtorqueiscontrolled,anditisunchangeabletokeepthehydraulicpumpdrivetorque,andyearabsolutelycontrolcanreducetheoff-loadinglossofschoolassignmenttime;Oilcapacityiscontrolled,andtheexportvolumeofflowofhydraulicpumpinthetimeofcanreducingneutralgearandfinecontrolreducesthepowerloss.
Thehistoryofthefirsthandexcavatorwaspublisheduptonowtohavemorethan130years,andwentthroughfromthesteamdrivefilltoturnroundthatthemachineryturnsroundthedevelopingthecoursestepbystepofthecompleteautomatichydraulicpressureexcavatorofexcavatorandapplicationmechanicalandelectricalliquidintegrationtechnologytopowerdriveandtheinternal-combustionenginedriveinthetime.Theapplicationowingtothehydraulictechniquehadtojoininmarriageonthetractorloadinghydraulicpressuretoanti-thetypehangingwhichshoveledmachineryinthe1940’s,anddevelopingoutthepullingtypeattheinitialstageofinthe1950’swithmiddleperiodinsuccession,toturnroundthefullhydraulicpressureofhydraulicpressureexcavatorandcaterpillartreadtypeentirelymechanical.Initialstagethetrialhydraulicpressureexcavatoristhehydraulictechniquethatadoptsplaneandmachinetool,lackingthehydraulicpressurecomponentthatissuitableinthemechanicalvariousoperatingmodes,itisstableinadequatelytomakethequality,andnecessaryisnotcompletelyyet.Frominthe1960’s,thehydraulicpressureexcavatorisenteredthepopularizationandinvigorousdevelopmentstage,andmechanicalmanufacturingplantandthebreedofeachcountryincreasesveryfast,andtheoutputisrapidlyincreased.83%ofthemechanicalgrossoutputwasoccupiedtohydraulicpressureexcavatoroutput,andiscloseto100%atpresent1968-1970certainperiod.
ⅡSmallexcavatordevelopmentanditstendency
20thcentury80~90'ssmallmechanicaldeviceinconstructionandsooninmunicipalengineering,transportation,pipelinehasdisplayedabiggersuperiorityandcanrapidlydevelop.Thesmallexcavatorforsavedthemanpower,thephysicalresourceintheseprojectsmakesthesmallexcavatormainlytouseinthecitytheconstructionconstructionandgenerallyleftabiggercontribution,graduallybecameinthecityconstructiontohavetherepresentativeconstructionmachinery.
Thesmallexcavatordevelopmentmainlyreliesontheurbanconstructiondevelopment,becausecitytransformation,constructionconstructionmore,therequestconstructiontimeshort,theconstructionmachineryaffectssmall,safe,thelowpollution,theradiusofgyrationtotheenvironmentissmall,isadvantageousfortransportsaswellashaswiththecitysceneryappearancecoordinationoutwardappearance,thesmallexcavatorhassatisfiedthecityeachkindofworkrequest,canmaximumlimitdisplayitsproductivityinthecitynarrowworkingspace,thereforehastheuniquesuperiority.
1.Thedevelopmentofsmallexcavators
Thesmallexcavatormainlyusesinthecitytheconstructionconstructionandthegeneralhousingrepairsandmaintainsandsoonthework,therequesthasthegoodoperatingperformanceandtherotationperformance.Initialsmallexcavatorbytiretypeprimarily,becausethetiretypewalksthenaturalinthesoftgroundandthepassingdifference,afterwardsgraduallybythemarchingsubstitution,andinmovedthearmstrutorganizationplacetoincreasetherotationorganizationabout,enabledtheentireworkequipmenttherelativeorganismtocarryonswings,completedthetrenchsidewallexcavationrenovationworkbehind,butthiskindofsmallexcavatorexcavationscopewassmall,cannotrealizethematerial.Hereafter,thesmallexcavatorincreasedupsidehasrotatedtheorganization,hassolvedbehindthemetialandsoontheproblem,enhancedtheexcavatoroperatingperformance,formedthesmallexcavatorthebasicstructure.Afterwards,thesmallexcavatorintheradiusofgyration,behindthefieldofvision,movedaspectandsoonarmelevationangle,machinecapabilityhasthefurtherimprovement,developsforthepresentstandardtype.
2.Technicalprogresses
Smallexcavatorworkingconditionsmajorityofincity,inordertopreventwalkswhendamagestheroadsurface,startsfromthe80'stousetherubbercaterpillarband,andgraduallyobtainsthepopularization.Arubbercaterpillarbandheavywheeliswhentheinternalironcircuitboardthemovement,thehardcircuitboardjointplaceandtheheavywheelcontactfallstotheground,becomeswalksthedestructionroadsurfacemainreason.Beforeusesthewidthshapeironcircuitboard,arubbercaterpillarbandheavywheeldiameterisbigger,thereforewhenapproachestheground,thisslitchangesinabigway,createsthecaterpillarbandtotheroadsurfacedestruction.Thesupersmallexcavatoruseandthebeforesameheavywheel,onlywasthehardcircuitboardwhichinthecaterpillarbandusedchangesnarrowly,thereforewhencontactedthegroundtheslitchangesslightly,reducedtothedamageofground.
Rearareathesmallrotationexcavatorrotationrearpartsizeisextremelysmall,inordertoguaranteetheexcavatorworkthestability,musthavetheenoughcounterweight,andindoesnotincreasethemechanicalweightunderthepremise,usesincreasesthecaterpillarbandlengthandwidensthechassisandsoontheeffectivemethod.But,thechassiswidthistransportedthetruckwidththelimit,forsolvesthisproblem,hasusedViCTASinthesupersmallexcavator(Vio-CrawlerTechnologybyAdvancedStability)thetechnology.
3.Comfortableness
Thesmallexcavatormajorityofsealscab,hasnotrainedwhenthechairfrequentlydripswetbytherainseeps.Inordertosolvethisproblem,theusesurfaceandtheinteriorgatherapeacefulfatrubberbodytomanufacturehasnotsewntheseamthechair,cannotagainfromsewtheseamplacedestruction,thedurabilityalsocanenhance,becomesthecompletewaterproofingchair.
Impelsthesmallexcavatormarketfastdevelopmentthefactor:
(1)Thesmallexcavatorhasthewidespreadserviceablesmallexcavatorvolumesmall,mobileisflexible,extremelyissuitableforworkandsooncitieseachkindofpipelining,foundationconstruction,publicutilitiesaswellashouseservice.Thesmallexcavatorcompactvolume,thespecialdesignenableitstocarryontheworkintheenvironmentwhichthelarge-scaleexcavatorisunabletoconstruct.
(2)Thesmallexcavatorhasthemulti-purposesmallexcavatortruemeritisithasmulti-purpose.Thesmallexcavatorcaninstallmanyauxiliaryworksmachinesandtools,liketheinstallmentbrokenhammer,thehydraulicpressurepliersuseinthelightweightdemolisionwork,installsaclamptouseintoeliminatethework,installsthedrum,theplateusesinthetrenchtofillinburiesthecompaction,theinstallmentturnsonlathedigsdrillsusesinthedrillhole,thelifthookusesintohoistupheavyitemandsoon.
(3)Thesmallexcavatorisadvantageousforthetransportationandoneofshiftworklocationsmallhydraulicp
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