高中英语人教版 必修3 unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars.docx

高中英语人教版 必修3 unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars.docx

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高中英语人教版必修3unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars

Ⅰ.阅读理解（建议用时16′）

A

[2016·保定摸底考试]KnowinghowmuchherownchildrenlovedpresentsatChristmas,AnnSuttonalwaystriedtoseek

helpforoneortwopoorfamilies.Withasocialworkermother,theSuttonchildrenhadinherited（继承）hercommitmenttoservice,andknewnevertotaketheirgoodfortuneatChristmasforgranted.Thisyear,Kinzie,herseven－year－olddaughterwasthrilledthatSantaClauswouldmakeaspecialvisittoa22－year－oldmothernamedAshleywhoworkedinafactoryraisingher12－month－oldsonbyherself.

ThephonerangonSunday.Arepresentative

fromalocalorganizationwascallingtosaythattheaidAnnhadrequested

forAshleyhadfallenthrough.NoSantaClaus,nopresents,nothing.

Annsawthecheerfadeawayfromherchildren'sfacesatthenews.Withoutaword,Kinzieranintoherbedroom.Shereturned,herfacesetwithdetermination

.

Openingupherpiggybank,sheputallthecoinsontothetable:

$3.30.Everythingshehad.

“Mom，”shetoldAnn,“Iknowit'snotmuch.Butmaybethiswillbuyapresentforthebaby.”

Atabreakfastmeetingthenextday,Anntoldhercoworkersaboutherdaughter'sstory.Tohersurprise

，staffmembersbegantoopentheirpursesandemptytheirpocketstohelpKinzie.

OnChristmasEve,AnndrovethroughthepouringraintothesmalltrailerwheretheAshleyslived.Thenshebegantounloadthegiftsfromthecar,handingthemtoAshleyonebyone.

Ashleywasverymoved.Reflecting

onalittlegirl'sgenerosity.Ashleysaysshe'llonedaybeabletodosomethingsimilarforsomeoneelseinneed.“Kinziecouldhaveusedthatmoneyforherself,butshegaveitaway

，”Ashleysays.“She'sthetypeofkidI'dlikemysontogrowuptobe.”

一位母亲帮助穷人的善举影响了自己的孩子，母女共同将爱心传递，这也影响了别人。

1．Accordingtothetext,AnnSutton________.

A．onlycaresaboutpoorchildren

B．haspossessedagoodfortune

C．iswarm－heartedandreadytohelpothers

D．isasinglemotherwitha12－month－oldboy

答案：

C　细节理解题。

根据第一段“AnnSuttonalwaystriedtoseekhelpforoneortwopoorfamilies.”可看出她性格热情，爱帮助别人。

2．Whenhearingtheaidhadfallenthrough,Kinzie________.

A．wasnotsadbutcheerful

B．putallhercoinsawayimmediately

C．toldhermothertoaskthecoworkersforhelp

D．decidedtobuyapresentforthebabywithallherallowance

答案：

D　事实细节题。

根据第四段“Iknowit'snotmuch.Butmaybethiswillbuyapresentforthebaby.”可选择D。

3．Fromthetextwecanlearnthat________.

A．AnnwouldactasSantaClaustohandouttheChristmaspresents

B．theSuttonchildrenalwaysgotlotsofpresentsatChristmas

C．Kinzie'sgenerosityinfluencedothersandtheydidsomethingsimilar

D．Ashleywasmovedandpromisedtoreturnthemoney

答案：

C　事实细节题。

根据文章内容最后一段可知选C。

4．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A．Howawarm－heartedmothershowsherlovetoapoorfamily.

B．Howamotherandheryoungdaughterhelpedapoorfamily.

C．Manypeoplemakecontributionstothoseinneed.

D．WhathappenedtoapoorfamilyonChristmasEve.

答案：

B　主旨大意题。

文章讲述了母亲的善行影响了孩子，她们共同帮助了贫穷的人们，故选B。

1．seekvt.寻找，寻求；探索

2．representativen．/adj.代表；有代表性的

3．requestvt./n.要求；请求

4．determinationn.决心

5．reflectvt./vi.反映；反思

1．toone'ssurprise令人惊讶的是

2．giveaway捐赠；分发；泄露；出卖

原文：

Shereturned,herfacesetwithdetermination.（独立主格结构）

译文：

她回来了，脸上印着坚毅的神情。

仿写：

There_being_no_bus,_hehadtowalkhomealone.

由于没有公交车，他不得不独自走回家。

B

[2016·河北高三大联考]ManyareasofcroplandinBangladesharebecomingunfit

forfarming.Thelandisbecomingsalty.Itisabigproblemforthesmallcountrywhichhasmorethan155millionpeoplebecausegrowingcropsisthemostcommonwayBangladeshissupportthemselves.

Farmersinthecountryarelearningtogrowvegetablesinso－called“verticalgardens.”Thesoilinthesegardensisbetterbecauseheavyrainshaveremoved

muchofthesalt.ShobithaDebna,a35－year－oldfarmerinthevillageChandipur,isabletogrowhundredsofkilogramsofvegetableseachseasoninhersmallgarden.

ThiskindoffarmingisnewinChandipur.Butitmayspreadacrossthecountry.

MostofBangladeshisatorbelowsealevel.Risingseawaterslinkedtoclimatechangehasseverely

affectedthecountry.Highwaterfromstormsincoastalareasalsoaddsalttosoil.Highsaltcontentmakescropslessproductive.Thesaltyseawaterflowsintorivers,whichthenfloodChandipurandothervillages.Vegetablecropsfail.Forthreeyearsnow,hundredsofvillagershavegrowncropsinverticalgardens.

FromJulytoOctober,about1.5metersofrainfallsinBangladesh.Theseasonalrainsremovesaltfromthesoil.Attheendof

therainyseason,villagerscollectthecleanedsoilandplaceitinlargecontainers.Theyusethatsoiltogrowvegetables.

WorldFishCenter,anon－profit

Internationalgrouphastrainedabout200villagersinsouthwesternBangladeshtomakeverticalgardens.Overthenexttwoyears,thecenterwilltrainabout5,000people.Averticalgardeniseasytomake.

Villagersfillcontainerswithgoodsoilandnaturalfertilizers.Theyputthecontainersonbrickssotheyareofftheground.Theyaddpiecesofthebrickstothesoiltohelpwaterflowanddrain.

Villagersalsogrowvegetablesincontainersmadefrom

large,thinpiecesofplasticsupported

bybamboo.Thisiscalled“verticaltower”whichcanproducemorethan100kilogramsofvegetableseach.

面对土地盐碱化，Bangladesh的农民学会了新的种植技术——即利用所谓的“verticalgardens”来种植。

5．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A．Theheavyrainmakesthesoilsalty.

B．Thesaltywaterfromtheseamakesthesoilsalty.

C．Villagersusesbrickstocontaingoodsoil.

D．WorldFishCenterhasalreadytrained200villagerstomakeverticalgarden.

答案：

B　事实细节题。

由第四段内容可知选B。

6．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A．LivingconditionsinBangladeshisnoteasy.

B．Villagersputcontainersonbrickstomakethemofftheground.

C．Villagersaretryingtoproducevegetablesthatcangrowinsaltysoil.

D．PeopleinvillageChandipurliveahappierlifethanpeopleinotherpartofBangladesh.

答案：

A　推理判断题。

Bangladesh正面临土地盐碱化，不得不改变种植技术和种植方法，可推断出他们的生存条件并不容易。

B项为文中细节，并非推断内容；C项文中未说到；D项事实文中未提到，无法比较。

7．Whatdothevillagersneedtomakeaverticalgarden?

a．seawaterb．container

c．goodsoild．bricks

e．bamboof．plastic

A．a，b，dB．a，d，e

C．b，c，dD．b，e，f

答案：

C　事实细节题。

根据倒数第二段内容后半部分可知。

8．Themainideaofthispassageshouldbe________.

A．poorcountry,richpeople

B．anon－profitgroup'shelp

C．saltysoil,highyield

D．creativemethodstogrowcrops

答案：

A　主旨大意题。

由文章第一段可知大意。

1．unfitadj.不适合；不能胜任的

2．removevt.清除，移动

3．severelyadv.严峻地；严重地

4．non－profitadj.非盈利性的

5．supportvt.支持；支撑

1．attheendof在……末尾/尽头

2．（be）madefrom由……制成

原文：

Averticalgardeniseasytomake.（反射不定式）

译文：

垂直花园很容易生产出来。

仿写：

Thechairiscomfortableto_sit_on.

这把椅子坐上去很舒服。

Ⅱ.七选五（建议用时7′）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

[2016·衡水中学三调]Itisgenerallybelievedthatmoneycan'tbuyhappiness.However,thatmaynotbealwaystrue.Accordingtoarecentarticle,inthelastfewyears,anewresearchhasgivenusafardeeperunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenwhatweearnandhowwefeel.Broadlyspeaking,peoplewithhigherincomesarehappierthanthosewhostruggletogetby.Butitalsoshowsyouneedtospendwiselyifyouexpectthosebanknotestoputasmileonyourface.__1__

1．Buyexperiences,notmaterialgoods.

Inarecentlypublishedstudy,ProfessorRyanatSanFranciscoStateUniversityintheUS,foundthatwhenpeopledon'thavemuchmoneytospare,theytendtosticktomaterialgoods.__2__Buttheyactuallyprovidebothmorehappinessandmorelastingvalue.

2.__3__

Nomatterhowmuchmoneyyouspendonsomethingandhowspecialthatproductis,youwillgetusedtohavingitovertimeandloseinterestinit.Withthesamemoneyyouspendononebigobject,youcanbuymanylittlethings.Buyingsmallthingsmeansyoucangetfrequentsmallpleasures.

3．Besuretobuytime.

__4__Forexample,thatbighouseinthesuburbsmayseemlikeagoodidea,buta2014studybyresearchersfromUniversityofZurichinSwitzerlandfoundthatpeoplewithlongertimeonthewayreportedlowerlifesatisfaction,allotherthingsbeingequal.

4．Trygivingitaway.

ElizabethDunn,professorattheUniversityofBritishColumbiainCanada,foundthatinnationsasdiverseasCanada,SouthAfricaandUganda,givingawaymoneyconsistentlymadepeoplehappier.__5__

A．Besuretobuywhatyoulike.

B．Herearesomewaystobetterspendyourmoney.

C．Buylotsoflittlethings,ratherthanonebigthing.

D．Therearealotofreasonssomeonemightbuysomething.

E．Peoplethinkexperiencesonlyprovidetemporaryhappiness.

F．Thiswaseventruewhenpeoplegivingawaywererelativelypoor.

G．Considerhowthethingsyoubuywillaffecthowyouspendyourtime.

文章就如何理性消费给出几条建议。

1．B　承上启下的过渡句。

主要引领下文四条建议。

2．E　紧扣关键词buyexperiences。

3．C　该段中有关键语句“Withthesamemoneyyouspendononebigobject,youcanbuymanylittlethings.Buyingsmallthingsmeansyoucangetfrequentsmallpleasures.”

4．G　该段关键词为“buytime”，选项中也有“Considerhowthethingsyoubuywillaffecthowyouspendyourtime.”。

5．F　该段关键词为“giveaway”赠送的乐趣。

Ⅲ.语法填空（建议用时8′）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

[2016·河北名校联考]Apolicecarpulledupinfrontofanolderwoman'shouse,andherhusbandclimbedout.Thepolitepoliceman__1__（explain）tohiswifethat“thiselderlygentleman”saidthathewaslostintheparkandthatcouldn'tfindhiswayhome.“Howcouldithappen？

”sheasked__2__（surprise）.“You'vebeengoingtothatparkforover30years!

Howcouldyougetlost？

”Gettingclose__3__herearsothatthepolicemancouldn'thear,hewhispered，“Iwasn'tlost－Iwasjusttootired__4__（walk）home.__5__Iwantedtodoishavesomeonesendmehome.”

Oldageislike__6__（