高考英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx
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高考英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx
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高考英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题
高考英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Googleisconsistentlyratedthebestplacetowork.SoyouneedadegreefromHarvardtointhedoor,right?
Notreally,accordingtoLaszloBock,Google'sHeadofPeopleOperations.Whenthecompanywassmall,GooglecaredalotaboutgettingkidsfromHarvard,Stanford,MITandmanyotherIvyLeagueschools. ButBocksaiditwasthe"wrong"hiringstrategy. Experiencehastaughthimthereareexceptionalkidsatmanyotherplaces,fromstateschoolsinCaliforniatoNewYork.
"Whatwefindisthebestpeoplefromplaceslikethatarejustasgood,ifnotbetter,asanybodyyoucangetfromanyIvyLeagueschool,"saidBock,whojustauthoredabooktitled"WorkRules!
"
Everyyear,2millionpeopleapplytogetajobatGoogle. Bockhimselfhasseensome25,000résumés.
SowhatelsedoesGooglenotcareabout:
Grades:
Google'sdatashowsthatgradespredictperformanceforthefirsttwoyearsofacareer,butdonotmatterafterthat.
Brain-teasers:
Goneareinterviewquestionssuchas:
Whyaremanholecovers(井盖)round?
orHowmanygolfballscanfitinaschoolbus?
"Ourresearchtellsusthosequestionsareawasteoftime,"Bocksaid"They'reareallycoachableskill.Themoreyoupractice,yougetbetteratit."
Here'swhatGoogledoescareabout:
Problemsolvers:
Yourcognitiveability(认知能力),orhowwellyousolveproblems.
Leaders:
Theideaisnotwhetheryouwerepresidentofthestudentbodyorvicepresidentofthebank,butrather:
"Whenyouseeaproblemdoyoustepin,helpsolveit,"andthencritically,"Areyouwillingtostepoutandletsomebodyelsetakeover,andmakeroomforsomebodyelse?
Areyouwillingtogiveuppower?
"
Googleyness:
That'swhatGooglecallsitsculturalfit.It'snot"Areyoulikeus?
"Bocksaid."Weactuallylookforpeoplewhoaredifferent,becausediversitygivesusgreatideas."
"What'smostimportantisthatpeopleareintellectuallyhumble,willingtoadmitwhenthey'rewrong,andcareabouttheenvironmentaroundthem…becausewewantpeoplewhothinklikeownersnotemployees,"Bocksaid.
Theleastimportantthing?
Knowinghowtodothejob.
"Wefigureifyougetthefirstthreerightyou'llfigureitoutmostofthetime."
(1)WhatdoesBockmeaninParagraph2?
A. Peoplefromstateschoolscanbeasgood.
B. GooglenolongerhirespeoplefromIvyLeagueschools.
C. HiringisahardjobforGoogle.
D. StateschoolsareworsethanIvyLeagueones.
(2)Whichquestionbelongstoabrain-teaser?
A. Whatareyourgradeslike?
B. Whatisthesignificanceoffiguringouttargetusers?
C. HowwouldyouimproveaGoogleproduct?
D. HowmuchtoiletpaperisneededtocoverTexas?
(3)WhoisaqualifiedleaderaccordingtoGoogle?
A. Oneeagerforpower.
B. Onecapableofworkingindependently.
C. Onewillingtostepaside.
D. Oneoperatinganorganization.
(4)WhatisGoogleyness?
A. Beingunique.
B. Beingadaptable.
C. Beingqualified.
D. Beingloyal.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)D
(3)C
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了比起文凭和学历,谷歌更看重什么。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Experiencehastaughthimthereareexceptionalkidsatmanyotherplaces,fromstateschoolsinCaliforniatoNewYork.”可知Bock的意思是经验告诉他,在一些别的地方,比如加利福尼亚或纽约的公立学校中,也会有一些天赋超常的人才,故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据“Brain-teasers:
Goneareinterviewquestionssuchas:
Whyaremanholecovers(井盖)round?
orHowmanygolfballscanfitinaschoolbus?
‘Ourresearchtellsusthosequestionsareawasteoftime,’Bocksaid‘They'reareallycoachableskill.Themoreyoupractice,yougetbetteratit.’”智力问答:
谷歌不再出这样的面试题了:
为什么井盖是圆的?
或者是:
多少个高尔夫球能装满一辆校车?
博克说:
“我们的调查显示,这么问纯粹是浪费时间。
因为这些是能够通过训练提高的技能,你练习得越多,就能答得更好。
”由此推断出“覆盖德克萨斯州需要多少卫生纸”这是一个脑筋急转弯,故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据“Leaders:
Theideaisnotwhetheryouwerepresidentofthestudentbodyorvicepresidentofthebank,butrather:
‘Whenyouseeaproblemdoyoustepin,helpsolveit,’andthencritically,‘Areyouwillingtostepoutandletsomebodyelsetakeover,andmakeroomforsomebodyelse?
Areyouwillingtogiveuppower?
’”这不是说你得是学生会主席或是银行副总理,而是“当你遇到问题时能不能介入,帮助解决问题”。
然后是眼光要犀利,“可以退出来让别人接管吗?
能够让位于别人吗?
可以放弃权力吗?
”,由此可知依据谷歌的说法,一个愿意退让的人是一个合格的领导者,故选C。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据Googleyness:
That'swhatGooglecallsitsculturalfit.It'snot‘Areyoulikeus?
’Bocksaid.‘Weactuallylookforpeoplewhoaredifferent,becausediversitygivesusgreatideas.’”这点被谷歌称作文化契合度。
它并不是“你和我们一样吗?
”博克说:
“事实上,我们在寻找和我们不一样的人,因为多样性能给谷歌带来卓越的想法。
由此推知独一无二的人是具有谷歌精神的人,故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生准确捕捉细节信息,同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Ana,herhusbandMario,andtheirfour-yearoldsonAntoniojustmovedtoNorthCarolina.Theyneedatemporaryplacetocall"home"untiltheygetsettledintotheirnewsurroundings.So,Anafiguredthatshehadbetterstartlookingforanapartmentforthemtostayin.
First,AnapickedupanApartmentBookatherlocalnewspaperstand.TheApartmentBookcontainedlistingsofallthemajorapartmentcomplexesinherarea.
AnastartedbylookingatthepricesintheadvertisementsforapartmentsintheApartmentBook.Then,shereadabouttheamenitiesthateachapartmentcomplexoffered.Forexample,someapartmentshadaclubhouse,agym(alsocalleda"fitnesscenter"),andapool.Afterconsideringprices,amenities,andlocations,Anafoundafewapartmentcomplexesthatsheliked.
Anacalledtheapartmentcomplexes.Shesetupappointmentswiththeapartmentmanagerstoseetheapartmentsshefoundinteresting.Anamadefivephonecalls,total."I'llseeyouthen,"shesaidtothefifthapartmentmanager,andhungupthephone.
WhenMariogothome(tothehotelinwhichtheywerestaying)fromwork,Anashowedhimthelistofapartments."Theselookgood,"hesaid.
"Mommy,letmesee,"saidAntonio,whomMariohadjustbroughthomefromchildcare.AnashowedAntoniothepicturesoftheapartments.
Thenextday,whileMariowasatworkandAntoniowasatchildcare,Anavisitedtheapartmentcomplexes.Aftervisitingallfive,shefoundthatshelikedthefifthonethebest.Itwasnearagoodschoolsystemforherson,anditwasnearherandherhusband'sworkplace.Shewenthomeanddiscusseditwithherhusband,andtheydecidedthattheywantedtorenttheapartment.Thenextday,theycalledthemanageroftheapartmentcomplexandtoldhimthattheywouldliketheapartment.
Themanageraskedthemtosignarentalcontractandpayasecuritydepositsothatifanydamagewasdonetotheapartmentwhiletheywereinit,thesecuritydepositwouldpayforit.Theysignedtherentalcontractandpaidthesecuritydeposit.
Finally,theyhadaplacetostay.
(1)Whichofthefollowingisnotanamenity?
A.Clubhouse.
B.Fitnesscenter.
C.Pool.
D.Highceilings.
(2)WhatdidAnaconsiderwhilelookingthroughtheApartmentBook?
A.Prices.
B.Amenities.
C.Locations.
D.Alloftheabove.
(3)Whyisthesecuritydepositneededwhenpeoplerentahouse?
A.Becauseitensuresthatarenterwillpaytherentontime.
B.Becauseitensuresthatarenterwillnothavepetsontheproperty.
C.Becauseitensuresthatanydamagedonetotheapartmentwillbepaidforbytherenter.
D.Becauseitensuresthatanydamagedonetotheapartmentiskepttoaminimum.
(4)WhatdoweknowaboutAna?
A.Shewasasmartandorganizedwife.
B.Shesignedtherentalcontractonherown.
C.SheboughtahomeforherfamilyinCarolina.
D.Herhusbandworkedinahotel.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)D
(3)C
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文,讲述了安娜一家搬到北卡罗来纳州后,安娜租房子的故事。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Then,shereadabouttheamenitiesthateachapartmentcomplexoffered.Forexample,someapartmentshadaclubhouse,agym(alsocalleda‘fitnesscenter’),andapool.”可知,俱乐部,健身中心,游泳池都为便利设施,而highceilings在文中未提及。
故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Afterconsideringprices,amenities,andlocations,Anafoundafewapartmentcomplexesthatsheliked.”可知,安娜在翻阅出售公寓的小册子时考虑了价格、便利设施和位置。
故选D。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据倒数第二段中的“Themanageraskedthemtosignarentalcontractandpayasecuritydepositsothatifanydamagewasdonetotheapartmentwhiletheywereinit,thesecuritydepositwouldpayforit.”可知,租赁人住的公寓有任何损坏,就会用押金来支付,对公寓造成的任何损害都将由租赁人赔偿。
故选C。
(4)考查推理判断。
纵观全文可知安娜租房时,选择房子,考虑一系列价格、便利设施和位置,并且参观了所有五家公寓大楼,最后租下了一间公寓,可以推断出她是个聪明、有条理的 妻子。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Throughoutthecountrytherearefestivalsandspecialeventscelebratingwinteratitsfullest,includinghockeyanddogsledraces,skatingeventsandwhateverseason-inspiredactivitydrawsinthecrowds.
RosslandWinterCarnivallateJanuary
Rossland,BritishColumbia(BC)
Recognizedascanada'slongest-runningwintercarnival(狂欢),theRosslandWinterCarnivalhasbeenapopulareventforover116years.Popularpartsofthiseventincludesnowvolleyball,aparade,andakid'scarnival.
IceOnWhyteFestivalearlyJanuarytoearlyFebruary
Edmonton,Alberta(AB)
Apopulareventformorethandecade,theIceonWhyteFestivalinEdmonton,isoneofthetop10eventsandfestivalsinEdmonton,Alberta.Thefestivalfeaturesawealthoficecarvingsandcreationsalongwith10daysoffestivalfun-fromagianticeslide,games,andicecarvinglessonstolivemusic,fashion,food,andculturallythemeddaysandevenamarketplace.
FetedesNeigesdeMontrealmidJanuarytoearlyFebruary
Montreal,Quebec(QC)
Celebratingmorethan30yearsasapopularwinterevent,itoffersallsortsoffuninvolvingeverythingfromsnowtoiceonthreenonstopweekendsatthebeginningoftheyear.Highlightsinclude15snowslopesforbreathtakingtubesliding,dogsledding,andevenaddictivedancingatthedisco-themedLaBouletheque.
Winterprideen
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