届二轮复习 七选五阅读理解十种解题技巧例举.docx
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届二轮复习 七选五阅读理解十种解题技巧例举.docx
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届二轮复习七选五阅读理解十种解题技巧例举
2020届二轮复习七选五阅读理解十种解题技巧例举
技法针对练
(一)——根据原词复现解题
Passage1
(2019·福建质量检查)Somepeopleputtheirbicyclesawayoncetheylearnhowtodriveacar.Formanypeople,bicyclingisnotjustaneasywayofgettingaroundtownbutalsoanexcitingsport.__1__.
Onekindofraceisthetimetrial.Eachracerleavesthestartinglineatadifferenttimeandheadshardforthefinishline.Thecyclistwhocoversthedistanceintheshortestamountoftimewinstherace.__2__,becausethebicyclesarespreadoutandarenotlikelytorunintoeachother.
Anotherkindofraceismoredifficult.Afewcityblocksareclosedtotraffic.Thenalltheracerslineupinatightpackandbeginracingatthesametime.__3__.Theracerequiresmorethanspeed.Italsorequiresskilfulhandlingofthebicycleasitrunsatfullspeedaroundotherbicycles.Theracerwhocompletesallthelapsfirstisthewinner.
__4__.Racershavetocoveranywherefrom35milestoalmost3,000miles.Theracecoursemaybeastraightstretchofroadoralongseriesofroadsacrossthecountry.Theprizegoestothefirstpersonwhocrossesthefinishline.
Betweenracescyclistsstayingoodconditionbydoingexercisethatbuildsuptheirstrengthsothattheycankeepridingforlongperiodsoftime.__5__,theyoftenjoinbicyclinggroupsandbecomelicensedracers.Thentheycanenterspecialracesalloverthecountry.Ifyou'reacyclist,keeppracticing.Youcouldbecomeastar.
A.Ascyclistsbecomemoreexperienced
B.Atimetrialisaverysaferaceforbeginners
C.Seriouscyclistsoftenarrangetotakepartinraces
D.Roadracesareusuallythelongestcyclingcontests
E.Mostpeoplewillseizepossiblechancestogetaroundtown
F.Theycovermanylaps(一圈),goingaroundandaroundthecityblocks
G.Whencyclistsstillneedtobuildthemselvesupforthosespecialraces
语篇解读:
本文是一篇说明文。
本文详细介绍了几种骑自行车的比赛。
1.选C 根据空处所在的位置可知,该句承上启下;由下文介绍的几种骑自行车比赛可知,C项“热衷骑自行车的人经常筹备参加骑自行车比赛”符合语境。
2.选B 根据空后的“becausethebicyclesarespreadoutandarenotlikelytorunintoeachother”可知,由于自行车是分散的,不太可能互相碰撞;故对于新手来说这种比赛是安全的,故B项正确。
3.选F 根据空处上下文可知,空处承接上文,继续介绍这种难度较大的骑自行车比赛具体的比赛内容,故F项正确。
且F项中的“thecityblocks”是该段中的“Afewcityblocks”的复现。
4.选D 根据空后一句“Racershavetocoveranywherefrom35milestoalmost3,000miles.”可知,参赛者必须骑35英里到近3000英里的路程;又结合本段第三句的内容可知,D项“道路比赛通常是路程最长的骑自行车比赛”符合语境。
5.选A 根据空后的“theyoftenjoinbicyclinggroupsandbecomelicensedracers”可知,他们经常参加自行车团体,并成为有执照的参赛者;据此可推知,空处是说这些骑自行车者越来越有经验,故A项正确。
Passage2
(2019·安徽五校联盟第二次检测)
HowtoGrowOrganicPotatoesinContainers
Ahomegrownpotatothathasjustbeendugoutofthesoilisanamazingtreat.Liketomatoes,thetasteoffreshpotatoesisdifferentfromthatofthoseboughtinthestore.Bygrowingyourown,youalsohavetheopportunitytoplantunusualvarieties.__1__.
Preparepotatoesforgrowing.Cutthepotatoesbeforeplanting.Ifyourpotatoesaresmall,youcansimplyplantthem.Whenyoucutyourpotatoes,makesureyouhaveatleasttwoeyesoneachpiece.__2__.Mostofushavenoideahowheavy50gramsisandthere'snoneedtoweighit,justuseyourbestguess.
Wateryournewlyplantedpotatoeswell.Checkthecontaineratleastonceaday.__3__.Ifitfeelsdry,it'stimetowater.Ifit'sveryhotorwindy,youmayhavetowateryourpotatocontainergardensmorethanonceaday.Makesuretowaterdeeplybywaitinguntilwaterrunsoutthebottom.
Hillyourpotatoesastheygrow.__4__,youneedtohillthemincasetheywillbreak.Thisisdonebyaddingacoupleofinchesofsoilaroundyourpotatoplants.Becarefulnottobreaktheplantsintheprocess.Repeatthehillingprocessafewmoretimesasyourplantsgrow.Youcanalsostoponcethesoilreachesthetopofyourcontainer.
__5__.Aftertheplantshaveflowered,youcandigoutyourpotatoestoeat.Youcanpulloutafewpotatoesatatime.Youcanalsowaituntiltheplantsturnyellowandthenharvestallofthepotatoesatonce.
A.Ifyourpotatoplantsaretooshort
B.Harvestyourhomegrownpotatoes
C.Wateryourpotatoeswheneverthesoilisdry
D.Stickyourfingeratleastaninchintothesoil
E.Belowaresometipsforgrowingyourownpotatoes
F.Onceyourpotatoplantshavegrownaboutsixinches
G.It'salsorecommendedthateachweighsatleast50grams
语篇解读:
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了在家种马铃薯的方法,包括选种、浇水、培土和收获。
1.选E 根据该空所在的位置可知,该空为承上启下的句子;由空处下文可知,下文介绍的是在家里种植马铃薯的方法,故E项符合语境。
2.选G 根据设空后一句可知,我们大部分人都不知道50克有多重,也不需要去称重。
据此可推知,空处应是关于每块马铃薯的重量,故G项符合语境。
G项中的“50grams”是该段中的“50grams”的复现。
3.选D 根据空后一句“Ifitfeelsdry,it'stimetowater.”可知,如果它摸起来干,就是该浇水的时候了。
据此可推知,空处应是介绍感知土壤干湿的方法,故D项符合语境。
4.选F 根据该句中的“youneedtohillthemincasetheywillbreak”可知,培土是为了防止其断掉。
据此可推知,空处应是介绍培土的时机,故F项符合语境,衔接下文。
5.选B 根据空处所在的位置可知,空处为该段的主题句;结合空处下文内容可知,该段主要介绍了收获马铃薯的时间,故B项符合语境。
技法针对练
(二)——根据解释关系解题
Passage1
(2019·洛阳、许昌第一次检测)Filialpiety(孝心)isChina'smostimportantmoralityandinvolvesstrongdeference(顺从)toone'sparents.Thus,filialpietyisanimportantvaluewhenitcomestotreatingone'simmediatefamily,eldersandsuperiorsingeneral.
Origins
FilialpietywasoriginallymentionedintheWesternZhou,__1__.
Meaning
Filialpietyisageneralattitudeofofferinglove,respect,support,anddeferencetoone'sparentsandothereldersinthefamily,suchasgrandparentsoroldersiblings.__2__.Besides,itinvolvesworkinghardinordertoprovidematerialcomfortsforparents.
Theideastemsfromthefactthatparentsgivelifetotheirchildren,andsubsequentlysupportthemthroughouttheirdevelopingyearsintermsofprovidingfood,education,andmaterialneeds.__3__.
Chinesecharacter
BylookingattheChinesecharacterforfilialpiety,youwilllearnalotabouttheterm'sdefinition.
__4__.Thecharacterisacombinationofthecharacterlao,whichmeans“old”andzi,whichmeansson.Thetophalfofthecharacterlaoformsthetophalfofthecharacterxiao,whereasthecharacterthatrepresentssonformsthebottomhalfofthecharacter.
__5__.Thecharacterxiaoshowsthattheolderpersonorgenerationisbeingsupportedbytheson,orchildreningeneral.
A.letmetellyouthedefinitionoffilialpiety
B.FilialpietyisclarifiedbytheChinesecharacterxiao
C.FilialpietyisoneofthemostimportantChinesetraditions
D.Thisplacementissymbolicandtellsofwhatfilialpietymeans
E.whichincludescarryingonthefamilylineandrespectingtheelders
F.Actsoffilialpietyincludeobeyingparents'wishes,takingcareofthemwhentheyareold
G.Extendingbeyondone'sfamily,filialpietyalsoappliestoalleldersliketeachers,professionalsuperiors,oranyonewhoisolderinage
语篇解读:
本文是一篇说明文,主要对中华传统美德孝心的起源和含义进行了简要的介绍和分析。
1.选E 结合本段的标题Origins可推知,此处介绍了孝心的起源及其基本内容,与选项E呼应,所以选E项。
2.选F 根据空后一句“此外,孝心也包括努力工作来为父母提供物质上的舒适条件”可推知,空处应是表述孝心的具体行为,故F项符合语境,衔接上下文。
3.选G 空处上文主要阐述了孝心在家庭中的具体实践和体现,由此可推知空处应是表述孝心对除个人家庭外的长者也适用。
故G项符合语境。
4.选B 空处是本段的主题句。
通读全段可知,本段主要是对“孝”字的字形进行分析,并联系本部分的标题Chinesecharacter可知,选项B符合语境。
5.选D 承接上段对“孝”字的字形分析,此处对孝进行了总结和意义分析,所以选D项。
Passage2
(2019·成都第三次诊断)Societytellsusthatyoucan'tteachanolddognewtricks.Butitdoesn'thavetobethatway.AnewstudypublishedinHumanDevelopmentpointsoutthatusingaproperapproachtolearningcanhelppeopleofanyagetakeonandrisetonewchallenges.__1__
Ventureoutsideyourcomfortzone.Asadults,wetendtousesimilarskillsdayinanddayout:
Wetakejobsinfieldswe'realreadygoodat,drivethesameroutestothesameplaces,andfallintoroutineswe'recomfortablewith.__2__Switchingtosomethingmorechallengingmayhavemorecognitivebenefits.
__3__Afearofmakingmistakesisanotherreasonadultsaresoslowtolearnnewthings;ifwetryandfail,wecanfacecriticism,losemoney,orgetfired.That'swhyit'simportanttobuildupasupportnetworkofpeople—atworkandathome—whoallowyoutomakemistakesandlearnfromthem.
Makeaseriouscommitmentanddon'tgiveup.__4__Ifyoucanaffordit,spendingmoneyonanewpursuit—forexample,bookingatriptoRometopracticeyourItalian—mightalsomakeithardertothrowinthetowel.
Learnmorethanonethingatonce.Wetendtozeroinononehobbyoroneskill.Butdividingthattimeandenergyintothreeorfourareaswillstretchyourbraininalldifferentdirections.__5__Forexample,maybeyoustartedlearninganewlanguagein2019,andthisyearyouaddsinginglessons,andnextyearyoutrysomethingelse.Youcanaddthingsgraduallybasedonwhatyoucanhandle.
A.Turntoyourfriendsandfamily.
B.Thefollowingstrategieswilldothetrick.
C.Surroundyourselfwithencouragingpeople.
D.Tellingfriendsaboutyournewgoalcanhelpkeepyoumotivated.
E.Butallthisfamiliaritylimitsthepartsofthebrainwe'reusingregularly.
F.Thatdoesn'tmeanyoushouldstartallthenewchallengesallatonce,though.
G.Sofeelingcomfortablecanreducestressandmakeyouhappierandmoreproductive.
语篇解读:
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了几个迎接新的挑战的策略。
1.选B 文章第二至第五段分别给出了迎接挑战的策略。
由此可知,该空承上启下,故选B。
2.选E 根据空前一句可知,我们倾向于日复一日地用相似的技能:
从事我们擅长的领域的工作,开车走相同的路线,去相同的地方,做我们觉得舒服的事;结合空后的“Switchingtosomethingmorechallenging”可推知,这种熟悉限制了我们正在经常使用的大脑的部分。
故选E。
3.选C 空处为本段的主题句,通读本段可知,本段讲述的是寻找支持你的人的重要性,故C项符合语境。
4.选D 根据该空前一句可知,做出一个严肃的承诺并且不放弃;由此可推知,空处应是表明向谁承诺以及承诺做出后的作用。
故D项符合语境。
5.选F 根据本段首句可知,一次可以多学点东西;空后一句是说,比如,你可能在2019年开始学一门新的语言,今年你添加了歌唱课,下一年你尝试其他的东西;由此可知,F项“但是这并不意味着你应该一次性开始所有新的挑战”符合语境。
技法针对练(三)——根据总述关系解题
Passage1
(2019·甘肃第一次诊断)Let'sbehonesthere:
randomactsofkindnessmakeusfeelgood.Theyhelpbenefitsocietyinsmallways,andthosesmallbenefitscanturnintohugebenefits.Beinganeverydayheromeanswillinglyandjoyfullychoosingrandomactsofkindnesstomaketheworldabitbrighter.__1__Startwiththeseideas.
●Leaveaspacecleanerthanyoufoundit.Ifyoueatout,keepyourtableclean,makingitalittleeas
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