英语考研真题及答案.docx
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英语考研真题及答案.docx
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英语考研真题及答案
2016年英语考研真题及答案
【篇一:
2016考研英语一真题及答案完整版】
ss=txt>sectionⅠuseofenglish
directions:
readthefollowingtext.choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarka,b,cordontheanswersheet.(10points)
incambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale.itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,_1_thoseoftheyoungwoman,butalsoamatchmaker.ayoungmancan__2_alikelyspouseonhisownandthenaskhisparentsto3themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoungmansparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.4,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.5aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying6agoodfamily.
thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.formerlyitlastedthreedays,_7_bythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand_8_prayersofblessing.partsoftheceremonythebride’sandgroom’swrists,and10acandlearoundacircleofhappilyinwiththewife’sparentsandmay12withthemuptoayear,13theycanbuildanewhousenearby.
divorceislegalandeasyto14,butnotcommon.divorcedpersonsare15withsomedisapproval.eachsprouseretains16propertyheorshe17intothemarriage,andjointly-acquiredpropertyis18equally.divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice19up:
thedivorcedmaledoesn’thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry20thewomanmustwaittenmonths.
1.[a]bywayof[b]onbehalfof[c]aswellas[d]withregardto
2.[a]adaptto[b]providefor[c]competewith[d]decideon
3.[a]close[b]renew[c]arrange[d]postpone
4.[a]aboveall[b]intheory[c]intime[d]forexample
5.[a]although[b]lest[c]after[d]unless
6.[a]into[b]within[c]from[d]through
7.[a]since[b]but[c]or[d]so
8.[a]copy[b]test[c]recite[d]create
9.[a]folding[b]piling[c]wrapping[d]tying
10.[a]passing[b]lighting[c]hiding[d]serving
11.[a]meeting[b]collection[c]association[d]union
12.[a]grow[b]part[c]deal[d]live
13.[a]whereas[b]until[c]if[d]for
14.[a]obtain[b]follow[c]challenge[d]avoid
15.[a]isolated[b]persuaded[c]viewed[d]exposed
16.[a]whatever[b]however[c]whenever[d]wherever
17.[a]changed[b]brought[c]shaped[d]pushed
18.[a]withdrawn[b]invested[c]donated[d]divided
19.[a]breaks[b]warms[c]shows[d]clears
20.[a]so[b]while[c]once[d]inthat
text1
france,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunaways.theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.
suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.that’sastart.andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath-assomehavedone.ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.
thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen(andmanymen)thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.
thefrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.
thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.indenmark,theunitedstates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.
incontrasttofrance’sactions,denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.thenewlyreviseddanishfashionethicalcharterclearlystates:
“weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.”thecharter’smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestocopenhagenfashionweek(cfw),whichisrunbythedanishfashioninstitute.butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofcompliance.
relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.
21.accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninfrance?
[a]newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.
[b]physicalbeautywouldberedefined.
[c]websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.
[d]thefashionindustrywoulddecline.
22.thephrase“impingingon”(line2,para.2)isclosestinmeaningto
[a]heighteningthevalueof.
[b]indicatingthestateof.
[c]losingfaithin.
[d]doingharmto.
23.whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?
[a]newstandardsarebeingsetindenmark.
[b]thefrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed.
[c]modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure.
[d]itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse.
24.adesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbycfwfor
[a]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions.
[b]caringtoomuchaboutmodels’character.
[c]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors.
[d]settingahighagethresholdformodels.
25.whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?
[a]achallengetothefashionindustry’sbodyideals
[b]adilemmaforthestarvingmodelsinfrance
[c]justanotherroundofstruggleforbeauty
[d]thegreatthreatstothefashionindustry
text2
forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.inbritainthishashadacuriousresult.whilepollsshowbritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily,shakespeareandthenationalhealthservice(nhs)aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.
acenturyagooctaviahilllaunchedthenationaltrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever.”itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair.”hill’spressureslaterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.itneedsconstantguardianship.
atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.theconservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation,evenauthorizing“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.theliberaldemocratsaresilent.onlyukip,sensingitschance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.itscampaigntoprotectruralenglandstruckterrorintomanylocalconservativeparties.
thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare,incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.thelondonagentsstirlingackroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesinthelondonareaalone,withnointrusionongreenbelt.whatistrueoflondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.
theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthem.underlobbypressure,georgeosbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.whyruinruralones?
developmentshouldbeplanned,notletrip.afterthenetherlands,britainiseurope’smost
crowdedcountry.halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.thereisnodoubtofthealternative—thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernportugal,spainorireland.avoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightofthepoliticalspectrum.
26.britain’spublicsentimentaboutthecountryside____
[a]didn’tstarttilltheshakespeareanage.
[b]hasbroughtmuchbenefittothenhs.
[c]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily.
[d]isnotwellreflectedinpolitics.
27.accordingtoparagraph2,theachievementsofthenationaltrustarenowbeing____
[a]graduallydestroyed.
[b]effectivelyreinforced.
[c]largelyovershadowed.
[d]properlyprotected.
28.whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?
[a]labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopment.
[b]theconservativesmayabandon“off-plan”building.
[c]theliberaldemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluence.
[d]ukipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservation.
29.theauthorholdsthatgeorgeosborne’spreference____
[a]highlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressure.
[b]showshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareas.
[c]stressesthenecessityofeasingthehousingcrisis.
[d]revealsast
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