风筝翻译.docx
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风筝翻译.docx
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风筝翻译
P146
BesidesthetopicdesigninsShaYankite,manyminorpatternsmayasloinitasdecorations,
whichbeautifythetopicdesignofakiteaswellasexpresspeople’shopesandwhishes.Forexample,therearesuccivepatternsonthechest,stomachandattheendofaShaYankite.Thesesuccessivepattern,suchascirclelinesandcloud-builtlines.Afterbeingdrawnseverallinesthenpaintedvariouscolors,thedesignofShaYankite(Swallow-shapedKite)appearstobecompactandfair.There’reseveralkindsofkiteswithsomepatternsemboidedontheSandMartininJingjinarea(JingjinreferstoBeijingandTianjin).MostofthesepatternscomefromChinesetraditionalauspiciousmotifs.Thefollowingaresomeexamples.InShaYankitewith13bats,thepictorialdesignisjustatraditionalexpression.Itusesblackassetting,whichformsafoiltothethirteenflyingbatsaccordingtothemodelofblackpot(anothersayingoffatswallowinthiskindoffly).TwodragonsplayingwithapearlaslobelongstoSandMartinhard-fintypekite.
DragonissaidtobetheGodinChineselegend,symbolizinggoodluckandwealth.Twodragonsplayingwithapearldescribesthathedragonisplayingshedragonforthepearl.Itissaidthathepearlisinthestomachofhedragonwhenoutwithflame.Thekite’sbackgroundispurple,withwhitecloud,reddragon,decoratedwithirregularflame,pearlonintheheartofthekite.Andthetwodragonsliesonthetwowingsseperatelyrespondingtoeachother,whichcomesintoasymmetricalcoordinaion.
Atthesametime,kitehandicraftsmencomeupwithnewideascontinuosly.TheydecoratenewpatternsonShaYankite.Sometimes,theyaddbatshanginglongevitypeachintheirmouths.BecauseinChinesewords,“福”(meansgoodluck)and“蝠”(meansbat)arehomophones,sokitewithbatsonitsybolizesblessingandlongevity.Sometimes,therearepeachesandoneyonthesideofbats.Inancienttimes,moneyinChinesewaswrittenas“泉”ratherthantoday’s“钱”,buttheyarehomophonesatthattime,sothiskindofShaYankiteiscalledfushoushuangquan(meanstoenjoybothhappinessandlongevity).Later,craftsmenfurtherdevelopedthesesymbolisticpatterns,likejiqingyouyu(withadequateluckandliving)kitemwhichisdrawnwithtwochickenandtwofishontheShaYankitedesign.“鸡”(chicken)and“吉”(meansauspicious)arehomophones,“鱼”(meansfish)and“余”(meansadequate)arehomophones.Sotheychosechickenandfishtoexpressdeliciouswishesthateverythinggoeswellandthereareadequatefoodforliving.Whencraftsmenmakeit,thefishliesonlegpartofthekitewithheadandtaidholdupintheair.Beinginthisposition,thefishechoswonderfullytothechickenontheswingpartofthekite.Thepatternsonthekitearefulloflivenessandjoyousnessfortheblackgroundmakethefishandchickenobvious.
Thepatternsonblackpotkitesimplyhavetwokindsofcolor:
blackandwhite,formingfiercecontrastunderthebluesky.Soitstandsoutintheairassingthefeaturethatblackpotkitegenerallyhasafatbody(附图4-1-2黑锅底风筝).
IIIseniorgodoflongevitywithgoodhealthandgoodfortune
Theseniorgodoflongevitywithgoodhealthandgoodfortunekiteisoneofthetraditionalhard-finfigurekiteinourcountry(图4-1-3,见彩页).Godoflongevity,inotherwords,Canopus(OldManStar)orAntarcticSenior.InthebookShiJiHistorialRecords,itsaysthattheGodoflongevityisexactlytheAntarcticSenior.Onceheisseen,thecountryweillinorderandwellpeace,sopeoplebuiletemplesforhimtoprayforblessingandlongevity.AntarcticSeniorisregardedasthegodwhotakechargeofpeople’slongevity,thus,drawnastheappearanceofseniormanwithwhitebeard,acrutchinhandandalongheadwhoseforheadbulges.
Ithasawidespreadamongthepeople,however,ithasdifferentstories.AncientpeoplehopedforlongevityandcomeintoexistencetheSeniormanforlongevityandgoodfortunereferstoLaozi.Inanotherversion,hereferstoPengzu,apersonwhowasfabricatedinAncientChina.
ThestoryofLaozicanlearnedin《神仙传》ofJindynasty.ItissaidthahisrealnameisLiEr,Liassirname,Erasgivenname.HestyledhimselfBoyang.BorninLivillageofkoucountyofStateChu,hewasageatthinkerinSpringandAutumperiodandhistoriographertakingchargeofpreservingbooksinZhoudynasty.HewastheancestorofDaoism.Inlegend,livingnearly300years,hewasbornwithtotallywhitehair,bulginghead,broadforehead,bigears,longeyebrow,widenose,squaremouthwiththicklips.Therewerewrinklesonhisforehead耳有三个漏门.Withanindifferencetofameofgain,helivedcarefreewithoutdesire.HewascalledLaozibecauseofhislongevity.ThefuturitycomparedhimtoOldManStar.ThestroriesofPengzucanbeseenin《神仙传》or《列仙传》.HewassaidtobenamedZhenQiang,beingthegreat-great-grandsonof瑞~theemperoroftheAniquity.Hedidn’tseemoldevenwhenhewas767yearsoldattheendofShangdynasty.Hedevotedallhislifetocultivatinghismind.Oncegiventhepositionofscholarbureaucrat,hechoosedtotravelaroundratherthanjoinedhiminpolitics.OwingtohisidesofYunqi(theartofdirectingone’sstrength,throughconcentrationtoapartofbody)tokeepingoodhealth,hecouldlivelong.Later,sufferingwar,hewanderedinthewesternterritoriesforover100years.Accoringtolegend,helivedtobe800yearsold.Sopeopletookhimasthesmbolizationoflongevity.
Althoughismanfactureisrelativelyeasy,itcarriescarefulcoloredpatternwhichingeneraldrawnbygongbi(traditionalChienserealisticpainting).ForOldManStargenerallyhasoneimageofpatternsoithasasingleprocecdureofpainting.Thetwocrossingsticksusedforthebodypartupanddownneedtobehardinthemiddle,softattheendthatismadeforwings.Thedegreeofcurvatureofthetwowingsshouldconsistent.It’sbetterifthetwocrossingstickscomefromonebamboo.First,putupthespine(theup-and-downorverticalstickthayoubuildyourkitearound);second,tiethespar(thesupportsticksthatareplacedcrosswaysorataslantoverthespine.Sometimesthey’recurvedorvowed)onthespinetoformaframe(thatformtheshapeofthekiteandmakeasupportofthecover).Third,cutapieceofstringlongenoughostretchallarounthekiteform.Thencurveandtieotherbamboostrips.
IVthewonderfulmagicmonkeyking
TheSunWukongkiteshavemanypatterns,likethetraditional“米”character(word)hard-finkite,andnamesforthemarevaryaswell.Forexample,FlowerFruitMountainkite,PeachPartykite,GreatSagetoHeavenkite,BeatingthePeodBonesSpiritThreeTimeskite,MonkeyKing72TransformationskiteandSunWukongAtomkite.Kiteartistsgatherallthemeritsofvariouskites,withtheuniqueidea,designingtheMonkeyKingHoldingPeachesinGoldenTraykite.
ThestoryofSunWukongcomesfromJourneytotheWest.Whencraftmenmadethiskindofkites,theydrawnSunWukongasabravemonkey.HedisturbedtheYonggungsa(龙宫)andmadetheafterworldindisorder.AninterestingthingisthatheforcedYamatotakeoutthelive-and-deathlist,onwhichhecrossedoutallthenamesofhiskind.Later,theJadeEmperorknewit,inordertotakecontrolofhim,theJadeEmperorsentGreatWhitePlanettohimtosvargabytrickinghimthathewouldbetitledBimawen(apositionchargingofhorseinsvarga).Whenheknewthetrick,heleft.Instantly,theJadeEmperororderedHeavenlyKingLitoconfessSunWukong.SunWukongfightagainsthimbravelywithtactandcalmness,andthejumpingjackwerealldefeatedbadly.So,againtheJadeEmperorsentGreatWhitePlanettogivehimtitlesavagewiththeHeaven.SunWukonglivedfreeandunfrttered,notpaymuchattentiontolawsornorms.Forhisimpoliteness,WuQianQianasHeavenlyMatriarchrefusedtoinvitehimtothePeachParty.Fulloffury,SunWukongstolethepeaches,atetheGoldenElixirPillsanddrank御酒.Withanger,theJadeEmperordispatchedgodErlangsucceededincatchinghimrelyingonhisarm金刚圈.SunWukongwaspulledintothe八卦炉ofLordLaoZioftheGreatMonad.Butthatdidn’tburnhimintonothing,inturn,madehimowndimondhardeyewithflamingreddupilswhichcandicernghostsandmonsters.After49days,hewentoutandmadetheavargaturningupsidedown.
Withboldnessofconception,wonderfullexaggeration,theprincipleofthestructralaestheticofpatterndesignandcreation,craftmenmakekites’designsfullofnoveltyandwonder.Theymagnifythepeachestofoiltheartisticconception,anddiminishthesizeofSunWukongtorepresenthumor.Thiskindofdesignisfullofartisticconceptionandnovelty.
Itisthiskindofkite,generallyspeaking,whoseappearanceisfla,whosecontourcanbechangedaccordingtosubjectmatterandwhoseframeismadeupofcentralstick,twoupsidesicks.Itsotherpartscanbebandedbythinbamboopieces.ThedesignofSunWukongkitemagnifiespeachestorepresentthesupernaturalpowersandimageofSunWukongwiselyandfreshly.Thepatternsarecoloredpaintingfulloftheconceptionoftryingtouniqueandgracious.Onpaintingandtechnique,itabsorbsthespiritofChinesetraditionalpaintingaswellasmordernfantasticcolorandrealisicpaintingandwriting,puttinginnovationintonovelty,with?
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inthedeepfeelingofinner.
Vamazingpiebridge
PieBriagekiterepresentthelegendofloveinChineseancientlegend.CowherdandweainggirlarethenamesofconstellationswithcowherdreferringtoAltairandweavinggirlreferringtoVega.Inthelegend,WeavinggirlwasthegranddaughteroftheJadeEmperor,cleverandhardworking,knittingnankinalltheyear.WeavinggirllivedintheeastoftheMilkyWay.Inthewest,livedtheverypoorbutclever,dilifentandhonestcowherd,doingfarmworkwithhisbuffalo.Oned
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