职称英语理工类B级真题.docx
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职称英语理工类B级真题.docx
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职称英语理工类B级真题
∙2014职称英语《理工B》真题及答案(代码22)
第一部分:
词汇选项
下面共有15个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
1.Themajorityofpeoplearoundherearedecent.
A.real
B.honest
C.normal
D.wealthy
2.Thecurriculumwastoonarrowandtoorigid.
A.hidden
B.traditional
C.inflexible
D.official
3.Thecommitteewasaskedtorenderareportonthehousingsituation.
A.furnish
B.copy
C.publish
D.summarize
4.Afterwardstherewasjustafeelingoflet-down.
A.excitement
B.disappointment
C.anger
D.calm
5.Severalwindowshadbeensmashed.
A.cleaned
B.replaced
C.fixed
D.broken
6.Theworstagoniesofthewarwerenowbeginning.
A.pains
B.parts
C.aspects
D.results
7.Londonquicklybecameaflourishingport.
A.major
B.large
C.successful
D.commercial
8.Shefeltthatshehaddonehergooddeedfortheday.
A.homework
B.justice
C.model
D.act
9.Heledaverymorallife.
A.human
B.intelligent
C.natural
D.honourable
10.Hisstomachfelthollowwithfear.
A.sincere
B.respectful
C.empty
D.terrible
11.Itwasamajicnightuntilthespellwasbroken.
A.time
B.charm
C.space
D.opportunity
12.Hisprofessionalcareerspanned16years.
A.started
B.changed
C.moved
D.lasted
13.Theyaretryingtoidentifywhatiswrongwiththepresentsystem.
A.discover
B.prove
C.consider
D.imagine
14.HisknowledgeofFrenchisfair.
A.veryuseful
B.verylimited
C.quitegood
D.ratherspecial
15.Thegroupdoesnotadvocatetheuseofviolence.
A.limit
B.regulate
C.oppose
D.support
∙第二部分:
阅读判断
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。
SoMany'Earths'
TheMilkyWay(银河)containsbillionsofEarth-sizedplanetsthatcouldsupportlife that’sthefindingofanewstudy.ItdrawsondatethatcamefromNASA’stop planet-huntingtelescope.
AmechanicalfailurerecentlyputthatKeplerspacetelescopeoutofservice.Kepler hadplayedabigroleincreatingacensusofplanetsorbitingsome170,000stars.Itsdata havebeenhelpingastronomerspredicthowcommonplanetsareinourgalaxy.The telescopefocusedonhuntingplanetsthatmighthaveconditionssimilartothoseon Earth.
Theauthorsofastudy,publishedinTheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyof sciences,concludethatbetween14and30outofevery100stars,withamassand temperaturesimilartotheSun,mayhostaplanetthatcouldsupportlifeasweknowit.
SuchaplanetwouldhaveadiameteratleastaslargeasEarth’s,butnomorethantwice thatbig.Theplanetalsowouldhavetoorbitinastar’shabitablezone.That’swherethe surfacetemperaturewouldallowanywatertoexistasaliquid.
Thenewestimateofhowmanyplanetsmightfittheseconditionscomesfrom studyingmorethan42,000starsandidentifyingsuitableworldsorbitingthem.Thescientistsusedthosenumberstoextrapolate(推算)totherestofthestarsthatthe telescopecouldnotsee.
Theestimateisrough,theauthorsadmit.Ifappliedtothesolarsystem,itwould defineashabitableazonestartingasclosetotheSunasVenusandrunningtoasfar awayasMars.NeitherplanetisEarthlike(althougheithermighthavebeeninthedistant past).Usingtighterlimits,theresearchersestimatethatbetween4and8outofevery100 SunlikestarscouldhostanEarth-sizedworld.Theseareonesthatwouldtake200to400 daystocompleteayearlyorbit.
Fouroutofevery100sunlikestarsdoesn’tsoundlikeabignumber.Itwouldmean, however,thattheMilkyWaycouldhostmorethanabillionEarth-sizedplanetswitha changeforlife.
16.TheKeplerspacetelescopehasbeeninservicefor15years.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
17.ThemaintaskoftheKeplerspacetelescopeistofindoutplanetswithsimilarconditionstoEarth’s.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
18.TheplanetthatcouldsupportlifemightbealittlebitsmallerthanEarth.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
19.TheEarthisplanetorbitingintheSun’shabitablezone.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
20.Thenewfindingisbasedonathoroughstudyof170,000starsintheMilkyWay.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
21.Theestimateofthenumberofplanetsthatcouldsupportlifeisnotveryaccurate.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
22.Thisisthefirstresearchfindingabouttheplanetswithachanceforlife.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
∙第三部分:
概括大意与完成句子
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试,任务:
(1)1-4题 要求从所给的4个选项中为段每段选择1个正确的小标题;
(2)第5-8题要求从所给的5个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。
ClimateChange:
TheLongReach
1.Earthiswarming.Sealevelsarerising.There‘smorecarbonintheair,andArcticice ismeltingfasterthanatanytimeinrecordedhistory.Scientistswhostudytheenvironmentto bettergauge(评估).Earth’sfutureclimatenowarguethatthesechangesmaynotreverseforaverylongtime.
2.Peopleburnfossilfuelslikecoalandoilforenergy.Thatburningreleasescarbondioxide,acolorlessgas.Intheair,thisgastrapsheatatEarth’ssurface.Andthemorecarbondioxide released,themoretheplanetwarms.Ifcurrentconsumptionoffossilfuelsdoesn’tslow, thelong-termclimateimpactscouldlastthousandsofyears-andbemoreseverethanscientistshadbeenexpecting.ClimatologistRichardZeebeoftheUniversityofHawaiiatManoaoffersthisconclusioninanewpaper.
3.Mostclimate-changestudieslookatwhat’sgoingtohappeninthenextcenturyorso. Duringthattime,changesintheplanet’senvironmentcouldnudge(推动)globalwarming evenhigher.Forexample:
Snowandicereflectsunlightbackintospace.Butasthesemelt, sunlightcannowreach--andwarm–theexposedground.Thisextraheatraisestheair temperatureevenmore,causingevenmoresnowtomelt.Thistypeofrapidexaggeration ofimpactsiscalleda‘fastfeedback’.
4.Zeebesaysit’simportanttolookatfastfeedbacks.However,headds,they’relimited. Fromaclimatechangeperspective,‘Thiscenturyisthemostimportanttimeforthenext fewgenerations’,hetoldScienceNews“Buttheworldisnotendingin2100”.Forhisnew study.Zeebehowfocuseson“slowfeedbacks”.Whilefastfeedbackeventsunfoldoverdecadesorcenturies,slowfeedbackscantakethousandsofyears.Meltingofcontinentalicesheetsandthemigrationofplantlife---astheyrelocatetomorecomfortableareas---aretwoexamplesof slowfeedbacks.
5.Zeebegatheredinformationfrompreviouslypublishedstudiesinvestigatinghowsuchprocessesplayedoutoverthousandsofyearsduringpastdramaticchangesinclimate.Then hecameupwithaforecastforthefuturethataccountsforbothslowandfastfeedbackprocesses.Climateforecaststhatuseonlyfastfeedbackspredicta4.5degreeCelsius(8.1degree Fahrenheit)changebytheyear3000.Butslowfeedbacksaddedanother1.5℃-- fora6totalincrease,Zeebereports.Healsofoundthatslowfeedbackeventswillcauseglobalwarmingtopersistforthousandsofyearsafter peoplerunoutoffossilfuelstoburn.
23.Paragraph2________
24.Paragraph3________
25.Paragraph4________
26.Paragraph5________
A.Apredictionoffutureclimatechange
B.Impactofburningfossilfuels
C.Fastfeedbacks
D.Unpredictabilityoffeedbackprocesses
E.Risingofsealevels
F.Slowfeedbacks
27.Arcticicehasneverbeenmeltingsofastin_______
28.Meltingofsnowandiceenablessunlighttoreach________
29.Zeebecameupwithhisfutureclimatepredictionbyanalyzing________
30.Afterfossilfuelsareusedup,globalwarmingwillcontinuefor________
A.rapidexaggerationofimpacts
B.averylongtime
C.theextraheat
D.previouslypublishedstudies
E.theexposedground
F.recordedhistory
∙第四部分:
阅读理解
短文后有5道题,每题后面有4个选项。
请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题,从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇Eye-trackerLotsYouDragandDropFileswithaGlance
Boredofusingamouse?
Soonyou'llbeabletochangestuffonyourcomputerscreen–andthenmoveitdirectlyontoyoursmartphoneortablet(平板电脑)–withnothingmorethanaglance.
AsystemcalledEyeDropusesahead-mountedeyetrackerthatsimultaneouslyrecordsyourfieldofviewsoitknowswhereyouarelookingonthescreen.Gazingatanobject–aphoto,say–andthenpressingakey,selectsthatobject.Itcanthenbemovedfromthescreentoatabletorsmartphonejustbyglancingattheseconddevice,aslongasthetwoareconnectedwirelessly.
"Thebeautyofusinggazetosupportthisisthatoureyesnaturallyfocusoncontentthatwewanttoacquire,"saysJaysonTurner,whodevelopedthesystemwithcolleaguesatLancasterUniversity,UK.
TurnerbelievesEyeDropwouldbeusefultotransferaninteractivemaporcontactinformationfromapublicdisplaytoyoursmartphoneorforsharingphotos.
Abuttonneedstobeusedtoselecttheobjectyouarelookingatotherwiseyouendupwiththe"Midastouch"(点石成金)effect,wherebyeverythingyoulookatgetsselectedbyyourgaze,saysTurner."Imagineifyourmouseclickedoneverythingitpointedat,"hesays.
ChristianHolz,aresearcherinhuman-computerinteractionatYahooLabsinSunnyvale,California,saysthesystemisanicetakeongettingroundthisfundamentalproblemofusinggaze-trackingtointeract."EyeDropsolvesthisinaslick(灵巧的)waybycombiningitwithinputonthetouchdeviceswecarrywithusmostofthetimeanywayandusingtouchinputasaclutchingmechanism,"hesays."Thisnowallowsuserstos
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