中西花卉文化内涵浅析.docx
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中西花卉文化内涵浅析.docx
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中西花卉文化内涵浅析
中西花卉文化内涵浅析
AnAnalysisoftheDifferencesofFlowerCultureBetweenChinaandtheWesternCountries
Abstract:
ThereisalonghistoryofflowercultureinChinaandthewesterncountries.Flowersarerelatedtomanyhistoricaleventsandpeopleandlocalcustomsandrituals.Flowers,asaspeciesinnature,havebeenfloweringintheaestheticfieldofvisionforthousandsofyears.Endowedwithvariousspiritualconnotations,theybecomeaspecificculturalsign.Peopleshowaconstantfavortoflowersfortheirbeauty,theirfragranceandcharm.Acertainculturalstructureisacombinationofpeoplewhoutilizethislanguageandthewayoftheirliving,includinggeographicenvironment,folklore,religiousbelief,custom,aestheticinterestandthewayofthinking.Influencedbythosefactors,flowerswithrichconnotationmayhavechanceofresultingmisunderstandingintheinterculturalcommunication.
Keywords:
flower;culture;interculturalcommunication.
摘要:
中西花卉文化都有很长一段历史。
语言是文化的载体。
任何语言都是根植于特定的文化背景,反映着特定的文化内涵。
作为一种自然生物,花一直盛开在中西方民族的审美视野中,成为一种特定的文化符号。
由于花卉千姿百态的造型,绚丽的色彩,迷人的芳香,给人类带来美好的心情。
一种语言的文化结构是使用该语言的人的生活方式的总和,它包括地理环境,宗教信仰,民族风情等。
受这些因素的影响,具有丰富文化内涵的花卉词语极有可能导致人们在中西方文化交际中产生误解。
关键词:
花卉;文化;跨文化交际
Contents
I.Introduction………………………………………………………1
II.DifferentTraditionalValuesPresentinFlowerCulture………1
III.TheFlowerImagesinBuddhismandinChristianity………….3
IV.TheFlowerConnotationinChinaandintheWest……………4
V.TheSensesofFlowerImageinChineseCultureandinthe
WesternCulture………………………………………………..…6
VI.Conclusion……………………………………………………..…8
WorksCited…………………………………………………..……...9
I.Introduction
BoththeChineseflowercultureandtheWesternflowerculturehavealonghistory.Flowerisofcloserelationshipwithalotofhistoricalpersons,historicalevents,customsandhabits,theweatherandregions,andfashionsandsoon.InChinaandthewesterncountries,flowershavedifferentculturalconnotationsandtheyreflectthedifferencebetweentheirownculturalpsychologyandappreciationofthebeautifulthings.Inthisthesis,wewilltrytochieflypresenttherelationshipbetweenflowersandthetraditionalvalues,religioustales,customsandhabitsaswellaslanguagetraditionsinbothChinaandthewesterncountries.
ThereisalonghistoryofflowercultureinChinaandthewesterncountries.Flowersarerelatedtomanyhistoricaleventsandpeopleandlocalcustomsandrituals.Asweknowthatlanguageisthecarrierofculture,anylanguageintheworldisrootedinpeculiarcultureandbackground,andreflectsculturalconnotation.Flower-relatedwordsareimportantasacomponentofalmostallthehumanlanguageandcarrytheirownconnotations.Flowers,asaspeciesinnature,havebeenflavoringintheaestheticfieldofvisionforthousandsofyears.Endowedwithvariousspiritualconnotations,theybecomeaspecificculturalsign.Peopleshowaconstantfavortoflowersfortheirbeauty,theirfragranceandcharm,andthoseweknownecessarilygenerateacommongroundinconnotationsofflower-relatedwordsbetweenChineseandEnglish.However,everylanguagehasitsownethnicculture.Acertainculturalstructureisacombinationofpeoplewhoutilizethislanguageandthewayoftheirliving,includinggeographicenvironment,folklore,religiousbelief,custom,aestheticinterestandthewayofthinking.Influencedbythosefactors,flowerswithrichconnotationmayhavechanceofresultingmisunderstandingintheinterculturalcommunication.
II.DifferentTraditionalValuesPresentedinFlowerCulture
ThereisaspecialwayofrealizationwhentheChineseappreciateflowers.Chinesepeopleliketoexperienceobjectsthoughtheirspiritsandtheypaymoreattentiontotheintuitionandthepowerofunderstanding.Asisknowntoallofus,Chinesepeopleprefertoadvocatinghuman’sspiritandsoulwhilethewesternpeopleupholdscienceandtechnology,concerningaboutthereason,andmaybeitisbecausethewesternculturehasalwaysbeenaffectedbythescientificthoughtforcenturies.However,theChineseliketotalkabouttheartofexistenceorthepoeticqualityoflife.“ThemaincourseofthewesterncultureisobjectanditisthesocalledscientificculturewhiletheChinesecultureisabouthumanandspirit,anditiscalledartculture”(Qian138).
TheChinesetraditionalphilosophyalwaysemphasizestheunionofthehumanandtheHeavenandtheyemphasizethecloserelationshipbetweenhumanbeingsandthenature.Theyoftenviewthenatureashumanbeingsandhumanbeingsasnature.Asforthecomprehensionofnature,theancientChinesealwaysthoughtthatalltheobjectsofnaturearemadeofthesamecertainfactors,evenwehumanbeingsarealsomadeofthesamecertainfactors,soweoftenhearpeoplesaythattheywanttoreturntothebosomofnature.IntheancientChinesepeople’sopinion,animals,plants,eventhestuffswhichhavenolifeallhavesoul,butatthesametime,humanbeingshavetheintelligence.ThatiswhyChinesepeoplewouldliketheflowerstobetheirfriendsandtheygavedifferentflowersdifferentconnotations,suchas,orchidisnoble,plumblossomhasthehighspiritofstrugglingwiththecold,andlotus“iscleanevenbornoutoftheooze”.Asamatteroffact,whilepeopleappreciatetheflowers,theyareappreciatingtheinnerqualityofhumans.
Relativelyspeaking,thewesterntraditionalthinkingisbasedonthecognitionofthenature,theythoughtonlywhentheyunderstandthenature,theycanmasterit;aslongastheyexplorethenaturewell,theycanconquerit.Thewesternpeoplelaystressonthescientificthinkingtraditionsandtheypayattentiontotheessencewhentheymastersomething,andtheyattachimportancetotheobjective,theyalwaysanalyzeandreasonnatureasitisanobject.Itisverycleartothemforwhatisobjectiveandwhatissubjective,whatinnerworldisandwhatouterworldisandtheycanreasonablydistinguishhuman’ssensefromtheoutsideworld.Anywayhumanisalwaysoutstanding.Thus,whenthewesternpeopleappreciateflowers,theyoftentakeflowersassomekindofsymboltoexpresstheirfeelingsoftheirideas,forexample,JohnWordsworth’spoemIWanderLonelyasaCloud:
IWanderLonelyasaCloud
Thatfloatsonhigho’ervalesandhills,
WhenallatonceIsawacrowd,
Ahost,ofgoldendaffodils;
Besidesthelake,beneaththetrees,
Flutteringanddancinginthebreeze(Wu19).
Thebeautyofnatureispresentedbythelovelyandexuberancedaffodilsandthebeautifulflowersmakethepoethappy.So,wecanseethattheChineseandthewesternpeoplehavedifferentopinionsabouttherelationshipbetweennatureandhumanbeingswhileappreciatingflowers.Basesonthisopinion,theChinesewillthinkithastheunyieldingcharacterwhentalkingaboutpine,andthinkithasthecharacterofcleanandhonestwhentalkingaboutlotus,therealfriendshipwhentalkingaboutbegonia;whiletothewesternpeople,theythinkindifferentways.Theythinkthatpinestandsforpity;lotusstandsforestrangedlove;andbegoniastandsfordeformity.Itisobviousthatwecanhardlyfindanyrealrelationbetweenhumanbeingsandtheflowers.
III.TheFlowerImagesinBuddhismandinChristianity
TheChineseflowercultureisdeeplyinfluencedbytheChineseprofoundspiritualculture,suchasfolkbeliefsofdifferentdynasties,thethoughtoftheTaoistschoolandthethoughtoftheConfucianschool,mostlytheBuddhismthatcamefromIndia.
FlowerandBuddhismhavedeeprelationshipinhistory.Intheclassicalnovel,ThePilgrimagetotheWest,Ru-laiandKwan-yinarealwayssittingonthecushionmadeoflotus.AccordingtotheBuddhistScripture,whenSakyamuni—thefatherofBuddha—wasborn,alltheflowersareblossomingatthesametime,especiallythelotuseswhichliveinthepondsuddenlycameintobloomanditisasbigastheupperpatofacarriage(Zhou253).ItissaidthatthemostpopularBuddhaidol—Kwan-yinwasalsobornoutofalotus.Becausethelotus’sloftycharacter“cleanandhonesty”issimilarwiththeBuddhismidea“freefromvulgarity”.WhentheBuddhismcametoChina,peoplenaturallyhaveatheartthelotuswhenreferringtotheBuddhaislotusandlotusisBuddha.LotusbecomesasymbolofBuddhism.
Thewesternreligiousculturehasmanyallusionswhichrelatetoflowers,especiallyChristianity’smostimportantbook—theBible.Inthisbook,rosehastheclosestrelationwiththeChristianity.AccordingtotheliteraryquotationintheBible,thebirthofChristopensthedoorofatoningforhispeople’scrime,whichiswhymanyrosesbloomonthelandofabundance.What’smore,whiterosesuggestspureandvirgin,andsymbolizeChrist’smother—SaintMary,whileredrosemeansblood,deathandthesufferingofcrucifixionChristbear.
TheoriginalreligionofChinaortheWestistheworshipofthenature.Peoplepersonifythepowerofnatureandthephenomenaofnatureandtheyrespectnatureasgod.IntheancientChina,humanbeingsandthenaturehasanoriginalsincererelationandthefolktalesabouthumanmixtogetherwiththefolktalesaboutnatureandallkindsofnaturalphenomenabecomethemostwonderfulcarrierofvarioustalesorlegends.Flowers,asthequintessenceofallthingsonearth,ofcourse,haveitsrelatedtales.TheChinesehaveflowertalesinourlegendsstories,forinstance,“NvYi”istheflowergodoftheancientChina.IntheWest,theancientGreeceandRomanpeopleendowedhuman’sspiritwithnature.Theyhaveflowergods,too,suchasFloraandArtemis.
IV.TheFlowerConnotationinChinaandintheWest
InboththeChineseandwesternculture,flowerisnotonlyusedforappreciationbutalsousedasatoolofsendingme
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- 关 键 词:
- 中西 花卉 文化 内涵 浅析
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