上海牛津版 精品高考英语一轮备考学生版 第3讲 形近词3+完型填空1+状语从句+图表类作文.docx
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上海牛津版 精品高考英语一轮备考学生版 第3讲 形近词3+完型填空1+状语从句+图表类作文.docx
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上海牛津版上海牛津版精品高考英语一轮备考学生版精品高考英语一轮备考学生版第第3讲讲形近词形近词3+完型填空完型填空1+状语从句状语从句+图表类作文图表类作文第3讲形近词3+完型填空1+状语从句+图表类作文原卷版一、高考形近词F1).fable寓言fatal=deadly致命的2).fairy仙女,精灵fairly很;非常(fairadj.公平的/n.集市)3).fashionable时尚的fantastic极好的fascinate使着迷;迷住4).feasible行得通的feather羽毛的featuren./v.特点;以为特征5).float漂浮flow流动blow爆炸;吹6).fluent流利的frequently频繁地7).formal正式的former前者的,前任的8).frame框架fame名声G1).gain获得grain谷物grade等级2).geography地理学geology地质学3).grand宏伟的grantv.授予,承认,同意4).guess猜测guest宾客5).general一般的,普遍的generate产生generous慷慨的(adj.)6).graduate毕业guarantee保证,担保gratitude感激7).greet问候greedy贪婪的grateful感激的8).grief悲痛grave严肃的;坟墓gravity庄严;重力brief简要的relief救济;减轻9).gliden/v.滑翔sliden/v.滑动slipn/v.跌落,摆脱H1).hatchv.图谋,策划;孵出,孵化;n.(飞机等的)小门,舱口batchn.一批(组,群)matchn.火柴;比赛;对手;相匹配;v.匹配;相称watchv.当心;观看;n.看管;表snatchn./v.攫取,抢夺scratchn./v.抓,搔2)habit习惯habitat栖息地3)habitant居住者4)historic具有历史意义的historical历史上的I1).immoraladj.不道德的,邪恶的immortaladj.不朽的,神仙的2).imitate模仿intimate亲密的3).implicitadj.含蓄的,暗示的explicitadj.明确的,清楚的4).incidentn.事件accidentn.意外,偶然5).includev.包含,包括excludev.把排除在外conclude总结(vt.)6).inquire问询(vt.)acquire获得,语言习得(vt.)require要求(vt.)7).inspirev.激发,鼓舞aspirev.渴望,追求spiritn.精神,心灵8).instance事例(n.)instinct天性,本能(n.)extinct灭绝的(adj.)distinct区分的,明显的(adj.)9).insure给上保险(vt.)assure使相信(vt.)reassure使放心(vt.)ensure确保(vt.)10).intenseadj.紧张的,强烈的,激烈的tensen.时态;adj.紧张的;v.拉紧denseadj.稠密的sensen.感觉;道理;v.感觉到11).intendv.企图,打算intentn.计划,目的;adj.专注的12).interpret解释,口译(vt.)interrupt打断(vt.)二、语法填空1.Butthisphraseshouldntapply_theletter-writer.2.AccordingtoexpertsfromWholeFoods,afoodcompanyintheUnitedStates,whoexaminedconsumerbehaviourgloballyacross465stores,ourplateslookverycolourfulthisyear,_purplefoodsparticularlypopular.3._theemergenceofmanyproblems,bikesharingcompaniesoffertransportflexibilityandhealthbenefitstoanyonewhousessharedbikes.4.HesaysthathavingEnglishasacompulsorycourseinuniversity“hasdistractedmuchofstudentsattention_specializedsubjects,”andthatsomestudentshavebeendeniedaccesstopostgraduateeducationbecausetheyfailedEnglish.5.ShowproducerSimonCowellmadeaprediction,Notonlyyouwinthisshow,youwillsellmorerecordsthananyotherpreviousIdolwinner.Indeed,UnderwooddidwinthatyearscompetitionandhasmanagedtooutsellevenIdolwinnerKellyClarkson.6.AsshesaidinfrontofNo10DowningStreetonJune9,“Iwillnowformagovernment,agovernmentthatcanprovidecertaintyandleadBritainforward_thiscriticaltimeforourcountry.”7.Italsoplanstosharetransactiondatawithitsuserssotheycancashitonbuyingtrends.Thisallowsanyonewithanideaandacomputertostartaviablebusiness,doingaway_theneedforsignificantstart-upcapital.8.__openingupastoreonthehighstreetsellingtopassersby,theworldiseveryTaobaousersoyster.9.EgypthasbeenfightingagainstawaveofterroractivitiesthatkilledhundredsofpolicemenandsoldierssincethemilitarytoppledformerIslamistpresidentMohamedMorsiinJuly2013inresponsetomassprotests_hisone-yearruleandhiscurrentlyoutlawedMuslimBrotherhoodgroup.Hip-hopwasoriginallyblackmusic,sungbyyoungAfricanAmericansfromthepoor,run-downdistrictsofAmericancities.WhenitsuddenlygottothetopofAmericanandtheninternationalmusiccharts,hip-hopculturespread,bringinggraffiti_it.三、完形填空例题精讲:
Ininterviews,famouspeopleoftensaythatthekeytobecomingbothhappyandsuccessfulisto“dowhatyoulove.”But(41)askill,evenonethatyoudeeplylove,requiresahugeamountofdrudgery.Anychallengingactivityfromcomputerprogrammingtoplayingamusicalinstrumenttoathleticsrequiresfocusedand(42)practice.Aperfectgolfswingorflawlessbutterflystroketakesuntoldhoursofpractice(actuallyaround10,000hours,accordingtoMalcolmGladwell)andcountlessrepetitionstoperfect.Anyonewhowantstomasteraskillmustrunthroughthe(43)ofpractice,criticalfeedback,modification,andincrementalimprovementagain,again,andagain.Somepeopleseemabletoconcentrateonpracticinganactivitylikethisforyearsandtake(44)intheirgradualimprovement.Yetothersfindthiskindoffocused,time-intensiveworktobe(45)orboring.Why?
The(46)mayturnontheabilitytoenterintoastateof“flow,”thefeelingofbeingcompletelyinvolvedinwhatyouaredoing.Whetheryoucallitbeing“inthezone,”“inagroove,”orsomethingelse,aflowstateisaspecialexperience.SinceMihalyCsikszentmihalyidevelopedtheconceptofflowinthe1970s,ithasbeenamainstayofpositive-psychologyresearch.Flowstatescanhappeninthecourseofanyactivity,andtheyaremostcommonwhenataskhaswell-definedgoalsandisatanappropriateskilllevel,andwheretheindividualisableto(47)theirperformancetoclearandimmediatefeedback.Csikszentmihalyisuggestedthatthosewhomost(48)enteredintoflowstateshadan“autotelicpersonality”adispositiontoseekoutchallengesandgetintoastateofflow.Whilethosewithoutsuchapersonalityseedifficulties,autotelicindividualsseeopportunitiestobuildskills.Autotelicindividualsarereceptiveandopentonewchallenges.Theyarealsopersistentandhavelowlevelsofself-centeredness.Suchpeople,withtheircapacityfor“disinterestedinterest”(anabilitytofocusontasksratherthanrewards)haveagreat(49)overothersindevelopingtheirinnateabilities.Buthowcanwegetintoaflowstateforanactivitythatwewanttomaster,sothatweenjoyboththeprocessofimprovingskillsandthe(50)ofbeingamaster?
(51)forthoseofuswhoarentnecessarilyblessedwithanautotelicpersonality,thereisevidencethatflowstatescanbe(52)byenvironmentalfactors.Forinstance,inMontessorischools,studentsdonotstudybyfollowingdirectinstruction.(53),theyareencouragedtodevelopindividualinterests,andagreatdealofunstructuredtimeisbuiltintothedaysothattheycanpursuetheseinterests.Competitionis(54)andgradingisnotemphasized,takingthefocusoffofexternalrewards.Studentsaregroupedtogetheraccordingtosharedinterests,ratherthansegregatedbyability.Whilethereisnt(yet)apillthatcanturnmundanepracticeintoathrillingactivityforanyone,itishearteningthatweseem,atleasttosomedegree,tobeabletonudgeourselvestowardflowstates.Bygivingourselvesunstructured,open-endedtime,minimaldistractions,andatasksetatamoderatelevelof(55),wemaybeabletolovewhatweredoingwhileweputinthehardworkpracticingthethingswelovedoing.(七校联考)41.A.FunctioningB.stimulatingC.enrichingD.mastering42.A.FixedB.concentratedC.paralleledD.instructed43.A.transformationB.substituteC.cycleD.condition44.A.pleasureB.prideC.aninterestD.part45.A.FrustratingB.rewardingC.ignorantD.poisonous46.A.ObjectionB.standardC.principleD.distinction47.A.adjustB.devoteC.applyD.expose48.A.DeliberatelyB.readilyC.hesitantlyD.flexibly49.A.FeatureB.controlC.advantageD.sympathy50.A.rewardB.jealouslyC.securityD.contribution51.A.UnexpectedlyB.FortunatelyC.TypicallyD.Obviously52.A.influencedB.extendedC.cultivatedD.bridged53.A.OtherwiseB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.Instead54.A.AdvocatedB.suspendedC.discouragedD.observed55.A.PriorityB.difficultyC.curiosityD.identity四、上海高考完形填空的特点1.不考查语法2.不考查固定搭配3.考查实词为主,表示逻辑关系的介词短语和副词词组会考查。
4.干扰选项都可放在缺空处,但只有正确选项符合逻辑和含义。
解题步骤:
一、通读全文,了解大意。
二、依据中心句线索,紧扣主题选择。
三、利用原词复现或同现,选择最佳选项。
四、利用逻辑关系。
常用解题技巧:
一、同义复现二、逻辑关系/语境三、习惯搭配/常识背景一、词义辨析二、利用词汇同现(复现)解题(难点)同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一语篇中。
一个语篇,一个话题,要求有与之相连的词汇。
1)名词同现:
与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个名词。
如:
school-primaryschoolmiddleschoolcollegeuniversitystudentspupilsgraduatespostgraduates2)动词同现:
与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个动词。
如:
schoolteachlearnattendfounddropoutgraduatebedismissed3)形容词同现;就某一语境而言所能出现的形容词也是有规律的。
如:
在学校这个语境中:
(key)school(optional)course(compulsory)course4)结构同现:
结构同现批搭配之类的句型和成对出现的短语。
如:
some,others;ononehand,ontheotherhand;former,latter;sothat;notonlybutalso;hardly/scarcelywhen;nosoonerthan;beabouttodo/bedoing/haddone/beonthepointofdoing/betodo/bereadytodo/beonthewaywhen;例1:
Soitsthatabilitytodriveyourownprogram,not(49)byotherbusinessesthatdonthavethesamecharacteristics.(黄浦区2017年二模)49.A.heldbackB.keptonC.lookedoverD.takendown例2:
Thequestionofwhetherleadersshouldapologizepubliclyhasneverbeenmoresimple.Duringthelastdecadeorso,theUnitedStatesinparticularhasdevelopedanapologycultureapologiesofallkindsandforallsortsofwrongdoingsaremadefarmore(46)thanbefore.Morenewspaperwritershavewrittenaboutthegrowingimportanceof(47)apologies.(闵行区2017年二模)46.A.interestedlyB.patientlyC.frequentlyD.hopefully47.A.faithfulB.reliableC.confusingD.public例3:
Ifweprizegenderdiversity(多样性)inotherareasofdailylife,whydoesourtechsoundso(43)?
Thebiggestreasonforthefemalephonefixationrestsinsocialscience.MacDormanandhisteamplayedclipsofmaleandfemalevoicestopeopleofbothgenders,thenaskedthemtoidentifywhichthey(45).Theresearchersalsomeasuredthewayparticipantsrespondedtothevoices.Ina2011paper,theyreportedthatbothwomenandmensaidfemalevoicescameacrossaswarmer.Inpractice,womenevenshowedasubconsciouspreferenceforrespondingtofemales;menremainedsubconsciouslyneutral.(金山区2017年二模)43.A.femaleB.ridiculousC.professionalD.reasonable45.A.acceptedB.misunderstoodC.studiedD.preferred例4:
Businesshastraditionallybeenandtoacertainextentstillis“aboysgame”.Lessthan6percentofexecutivemanagementpositionsinAmericaandEuropeancompaniesareheldbywomen,andoftheFortune500onlyfourhaveafemaleCEO.However,inBritainonewomenhasincreasedtwiceasfastasthenumberofself-employedmen.Isitjustacaseofwomenwhosecareerprogresshasbeen
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