七年级上册英语人教版数词《讲义教师版》.docx
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七年级上册英语人教版数词《讲义教师版》.docx
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七年级上册英语人教版数词《讲义教师版》
人教版-七上-专题-数词
知识元
基数词
知识讲解
数词之基数词的用法
∙
∙一、数词
定义:
表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词,数词分为基数词和序数词。
∙
∙二、基数词
1.1.定义:
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。
2.
3.2.构成:
(1)1-20;
one,two,three,four,five,
six,seven,eight,nine,ten,
eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,
sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty
(2)21-99先“几十”,再“几”,中间加连字符;
23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,
56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,
89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one
(3)101—999先“几百”,再加and,最后加末两位数或末位数;
586→fivehundredandeighty-six,
803→eighthundredandthree
(4)l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand.第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion(美式)或thousandmillion(英式),然后一节一节地表示。
1,005→onethousandandfive
9,687→ninethousand,sixhundredandeighty-seven
16,324→sixteenthousand,threehundredandtwenty-four
8,370,308→eightmillion,threehundredandseventythousand,threehundredandeight
980,000,000,000→ninehundredandeighty,billion(美式)
→ninehundredandeightythousandmillion(英式)
3.3.句中成分:
主语
FourofthemcomefromParis.
宾语
—Howmanybookswouldyoulike?
—Iwouldliketwo.
表语
Sevenminustwoisfive.
定语
Therearethreepeopleinmyfamily.
同位语
Youtwowillgoswimmingwithus.
4.4.具体用法:
(1)用在一些表示“一排”或“一组”的词组里
Theyarrivedintwosandthrees.
(2)表示人的岁数或年代。
Heisinhisearlythirties.
Thistookplaceinthe1930s/1930’s.
(3)表示时刻:
钟点表达法。
钟点表达法
顺读法(钟点+分钟)
4:
30fourthirty 4:
45fourforty-five
倒读法
(分钟+to/past+钟点)
4:
30halfpastfour
4:
15fifteenpastfour/aquarterpastfour
4:
45fifteentofive/aquartertofive
(4)小数的读法:
小数点读作"point",小数后各位数分别读出来,小数点前的数若为"0"可略去不读。
2.468读作:
twopointfoursixeight
0.157读作:
(zero)pointonefiveseven
例题精讲
基数词
例1.—Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?
—________.
A.Twentynine
B.Thirtyandtwo
C.Forty-five
D.Fifties
【答案】C
【解析】
题干解析:
例2.I’m13yearsoldandmysisteris15yearsold.Somysisteris______yearsoldthanme.
A.one
B.two
C.three
D.four
【答案】B
【解析】
题干解析:
例3.Whichnumberiswrong?
A.Ninety
B.Ninteen
C.Ninth
D.Nineteenth
【答案】B
【解析】
题干解析:
例4.Thenumber4123isread________.
A.fourthousandonehundredandtwenty-three
B.fourthousandandonehundredtwenty-three
C.fourthousandandonehundredandtwenty-three
D.fourthousandsahundredandtwenty-three
【答案】A
【解析】
题干解析:
例5.Theoldprofessorstillworkshardthoughheis______.
A. inhissixty
B.inhissixties
C.insixties
D.inthesixty
【答案】B
【解析】
题干解析:
序数词
知识讲解
数词之序数词的用法
1.一、定义:
2.表示顺序的数词叫序数词。
3.
4.二、构成:
(1)不规则变化
one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve→twelfth
(2)一般在基数词后加th
four→fourth;thirteen→thirteenth
(3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th
twenty→twentieth,forty→fortieth,ninety→ninetieth
(4)二十一后的数“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词。
twenty-first,twohundredandforty-fifth
三、用法:
1.序数词作定语时,一般要与定冠词或物主代词连用。
Tomistheirsecondson.
Heisthefirstonetocomehere.
2.序数词有时可与不定冠词连用,表示“又一”,“再一”
Hetriedasecondtime.
ShallIaskhimathirdtime?
3.序数词的缩写形式为:
阿拉伯数字加上其末尾两个字母。
1st,2nd,3rd,4th,20th,21st,22nd,23rd.
4.表示年、月、日时,年用基数词,日用序数词。
2005年8月15日:
(英)15,8,2005=15th,August,2005;(美)8,15,2005=August15th,2005
5.基数词和序数词都可以用来给数字编号.
第二课:
Thesecondlesson=LessonTwo
第305房间:
Roomthreeo(零)five
长安街76号:
seventy-sixChang’anStreet
电话号码:
204-2244:
telephonenumbertwoo(零)fourtwotwo(doubletwo)fourfour
十一路公共汽车:
Bus(No.)eleven
例题精讲
序数词
例1.
1.Januaryis_______monthoftheyear.
A.one
B.theone
C.first
D.thefirst
【答案】D
【解析】
题干解析:
例2.
1.—Onwhichfloordoyoulive?
—The_______floor,andmyroomnumberis_______.
A.fifth;fivezerotwo
B.fifth;fivezerosecond
C.five;fivezerosecond
D.five;fivezerotwo
【答案】A
【解析】
题干解析:
例3.Nowchildren,turntopage_______andlookatthe______pictureinLesson Two.
A. twentieth,one
B.twenty,one
C.twentieth,first
D.twenty,first
【答案】D
【解析】
题干解析:
例4.Thereare_____daysinaweekandWednesdayis____dayoftheweek.
A.seven,third
B.seven,thethird
C.seventh,three
D.theseventh,three
【答案】B
【解析】
题干解析:
hundred/thousand等单复数用法
知识讲解
1.hundred/thousand等单复数用法
2.
3.1.表具体数字时,其后的hundred,thousand,million用单数。
Therearesixhundredstudentsinourgrade.
2.
3.2.表不确定的数字时,数词用复数。
若带名词,再加of。
hundredsof(数百,成百上千的)
thousandsof(数干,成千上万的)
millionsof(数百万的)
Thousandsandthousandsofpeoplevisitedthecity.
例题精讲
hundred/thousand等单复数用法
例1.Thecomputerwascheap.Ispentonlytwo_____yuanonit.
A.thousands
B.thousand
C.thousandsof
D.thousandof
【答案】B
【解析】
题干解析:
例2.______visitorscometoXingyiduringMayDayholidayseveryyear.
A.Thousandsof
B.Twothousands
C.Thousandof
D.Thousand
【答案】A
【解析】
题干解析:
例3.Thechairpersonreceivedaboutthree______applicationstojointheBirdWatchingClub.
A.hundred
B.hundredsof
C.hundredof
D.hundreds
【答案】A
【解析】
题干解析:
例4.Didyouknowthattheearthishometo_____animals?
A.million
B.millions
C.millionof
D.millionsof
【答案】D
【解析】
题干解析:
分数、百分数、倍数的用法
知识讲解
1.一、分数的表达
2.分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母加s.
1/3-onethird;2/5-twofifths
二、百分数
基本结构为:
基数词+percent(单数形式)+of+名词。
Thirtypercentofthestudentsinmyclassarefromcities.
About61percentofthesurfaceiscoveredbywater.
三、数学运算的表达
3+5=8 Threeplus/andfiveiseight.
9-2=7 Nineminustwoisseven.
6×5=30 Fivetimessixisthirty/sixunutilizedfiveisthirty.
8÷2=4 Eightdividedbytwoisfour.
四、倍数的表达
1.主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+as+adj.+as
Ihavethreetimesasmanyasyou.
2.主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+thesize(amount,length…)of…
Theearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon.
3.主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+形容词(副词)比较级+than…
Thegrainoutputis8percenthigherthisyearthanthatoflastyear.
4.还可以用by+倍数,表示增加多少倍
Theproductionofgrainhasbeenincreasedbyfourtimesthisyear.
数词易错点归纳
1.基数词与序数词用法混淆
(误)Mysisterisninthyearsoldandshehadapartyforherninebirthdaylastnight.
(正)Mysisterisnineyearsoldandshehadapartyforherninthbirthdaylastnight.
2.基数词和名词构成合成词时误用复数
(误)Myteacherisatwenty-five-years-oldgirl.
(正)Myteacherisatwenty-five-year-oldgirl.
3.基数词表示编号时大小写误用
(误)—Whatclassareyouin?
—Iaminclassfive.
(正)—Whatclassareyouin?
—IaminClassFive.
4.hundred/thousand一类词单复数用法混淆
(误)Thereareabouthundredofchildreninjuredduringthisearthquake.
(正)Thereareabouthundredsofchildreninjuredduringthisearthquake.
(误)Morethantwothousandsyuanwasstolenlastnight.
(正)Morethantwothousandyuanwasstolenlastnight.
5.分数用法易错点
(误)Ithinktwofiveofthestudentsareworkinghardattheirlessons.
(正)Ithinktwofifthsofthestudentsareworkinghardattheirlessons.
(误)Aboutthreefourthofwaterforvillagersarefromthislake.
(正)Aboutthreefourthsofwaterforvillagersisfromthislake.
例题精讲
分数、百分数、倍数的用法
例1.Thisisabigclass,and_______ofthestudentsaregirls.
A. twothird
B.secondthree
C. twothirds
D.twothree
【答案】C
【解析】
题干解析:
例2.Wehavetwoearsandonemouthsothatwecanlisten____wespeak.
A.astwicemuchas
B.twiceasmuchas
C. asmuchastwice
D.asmuchtwiceas
【答案】B
【解析】
题干解析:
例3.About____ofthestudentsinGradeNinethisyearwerebornin_____.
A.threefive;2006
B.threefifths;2006
C.thirdfifth;2006
D.thirdfifths;2006
【答案】B
【解析】
题干解析:
例4.Thereare______teachersinourschool,_____ofthemarewomenteachers.
A. twohundreds;threefourth
B.twohundred;threefourths
C.twohundreds;threeforths
D.twohundred;threefour
【答案】B
【解析】
题干解析:
当堂练习
单选题
练习1.—What’sthetime,please?
—It’s_______.
A. ninethirty-five
B.forty-eightpastsix
C.fifty-fivetofour
D.thirty-onetwo
【答案】A
【解析】
题干解析:
练习2.Thereare_______daysinayear.
A. threehundredssixty-five
B. threehundredandsixty-five
C.thethirdhundredsixty-five
D.thirdhundredandsixty-five
【答案】B
【解析】
题干解析:
练习3.Pleaselookatthefollowingfourpicturesandwritea_______storyaboutthem.
A.one-hundred-word
B.one-hundred-words
C. one-hundreds-word
D.one-hundreds-words
【答案】A
【解析】
题干解析:
练习4.My grandmother is_____ old.
A.seventieth
B.seventy year
C.seventy years
D.seventies
【答案】C
【解析】
题干解析:
练习5.We can say the number 78,645 in English like this________.
A.seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-five
B.seventy-eight thousands six hundred and forty five
C. seventy-eight thousand andsix hundred and forty-five
D.seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-five
【答案】D
【解析】
题干解析:
练习6.Thistallbuildinghas______floors.AndTonylivesonthe_____floor.
A.twelve;twelve
B. twelfth;twelfth
C.twelfth;twelve
D.twelve;twelfth
【答案】D
【解析】
题干解析:
练习7.Pleasewritedownthenewwordsinthetextof_______.
A.LessonTen
B. theLessonTen
C.TenthLesson
D.tenthLesson
【答案】A
【解析】
题干解析:
练习8.Sheisa__________girlwithtwobigeyes.
A.six-years-old
B.six-year-old
C.sixyearsold
D.sixyearold
【答案】B
【解析】
题干解析:
练习9.—Ifa=3andb=4,what’stheanswertotheproblem:
a+b+1=?
—Theansweris______.
A.twelve
B.nine
C.eight
D.seven
【答案】C
【解析】
题干解析:
练习10.—Wouldyouliketohave_____apples?
—No,thankyou.I’vehadenough.
A.othertwo
B.anothertwo
C.moretwo
D.twoothers
【答案】B
【解析】
题干解析:
练习11.Myunclebecameateacherinhis_________.
A.twenty
B.twentieth
C.twenties
D.twentieths
【答案】C
【解析】
题干解析:
练习12._____andfiveiseight.
A.One
B.Three
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