可用不定式宾语补足语的动词.docx
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可用不定式宾语补足语的动词.docx
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可用不定式宾语补足语的动词
用不定式的动词:
一.接不定式:
agree,decide,dare,expect,fail,hope,learn,lmanage,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,wish...
只跟不定式作宾语的动词速记口诀:
三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝;设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。
三个希望两答应:
hope,wish,want,agree,promise
两个要求莫拒绝:
demand,ask,refuse
设法学会做决定:
manage,learn,decide
不要假装在选择:
petend,choose
二,不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:
advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,force,invite,order,teach,tell,want,warn等。
三,可用不定式宾语补足语,to省略的动词:
在英语中,动词不定式可以作动词的宾语补足语。
其中,有11.5个动词在要求不定式作宾补时,要将动词不定式的小品词“to”省略掉,这11.5个动词是:
see(看见),watch(观看),lookat(看,瞧),notice(看,注意),observe(看到,注意到)(以上五个单词都算作“看”字之列);hear(听),listen(听)(以上两个单词属“听”字之列);let(使,让);make(使),have(使,让)(以上三个算作使役动词);feel(感觉),以上共10个动词。
最后还有动词help(帮助)作谓语时,其后不定式作宾补可带to,也可以不带to,故它算0.5个动词。
这11.5个动词去一个个记住较困难,若采用以下三个口诀中的一种记它们就比较简单了。
请看:
(A)
不定式,作宾补,11个半动词后省to:
hear,see,watch,observe,look
at,feel,notice和listento;
make,have,let和help,通用句型如hearyoudo。
例:
1)IoftenhearthegirlsinginEnglish.
2)Thebossoftenmadethemworklonghours.
(B)
宾补省to有习惯,只有动词十一个半:
“让”“说”“注意”和“帮助”,两“使”两“听”加“四看”。
(C)
五“看”二“听”一“感觉”,三个“使役”紧跟着。
一个“帮助”两均可,牢记保你不出错!
有些动词或短语只接动名词做宾语:
allow,consider,enjoy,finish,mind,miss,delay,practice,feellike,
can’thelp,giveup,keep(on),avoid避开,躲开,stand(忍受),lookforwardto期待,期望,feellike想要做某事,prevent…from,阻止can'thelp禁不住,不由自主迫不及待,be/getusedto,beworthdoing,bebusydoing
既可接不定式,又可接动名词的动词:
有些动词后接宾语时,既可接不定式,又可接动名词,但有区别。
如
1.liketodo“喜欢做某事”,指一次性动作。
如Iliketoswiminthisrivernow.
likedoing“喜欢做某事”,指习惯性动作。
如Ilikeswimming.
类似的还有:
disliketodo/doing(“不喜欢做某事”),hatetodo/doing(“讨厌做某事”),
lovetodo/doing(“热爱做某事”),prefertodo/doing(“更喜欢做某事”)。
2.remembertodo“记得要去做某事”如Sherememberedtoseeherparentsthenextday.
rememberdoing“记得做过某事”如Irememberedmeetingheryesterday.
3.forgettodo“忘了要去做某事”如Theyalwaysforgettohavelunchwhentheyarebusy.
forgetdoing“忘了做过某事”如IforgotphoningTom,soIphonedhimthesecondtime.
4.trytodo“试图(尽力)做某事”如Hetriedtocatchtheearlybusandhegotonitatlast.
trydoing“试图(试着)做某事”如Itriedgettingonwellwiththenewstudents.
5.meantodo“打算做某事”如Jackmeanttohelpothers.
meandoing“意味着做某事”如Drinkingmeanswastingyourlife.
6.needtodo“需要做某事”(主语必须是人)如Weneedtohavearest.
needdoing“需要做某事”(主语必须是物)如Thebikeneedsmending.(=Thebikeneedstobemended)
7.wanttodo“想要做某事”(主语必须是人)如Wewanttohavearest.
wantdoing“想要做某事”(主语必须是物)如Thebikewantsmending.(=Thebikewantstobemended)
8.begintodo与begindoing都译作“开始做某事”,二者可以混用。
但是begindoing更强调动作不但开始,而且一直持续下去。
如Thebabybegancryinghard.
而在下类情况下只用begintodo,不用begindoing:
○1当主语是物时。
如Itbegantosnow.
○2当begin用进行时的时候。
如Thetrainisbeginningtoleave.
○3当begin后接表示心理活动的动词(如think,understand,know)时。
如Shebegantounderstandherparents.
注:
begin的用法完全适用于start。
9.goontodo“继续做某事”,指做不同的事。
如AfterreadingEnglish,shewentontolearnmath.
goondoing“继续做某事”,指做同一件事,相当于_goonwithsth。
如WhenIwaswritingaletter,someoneknockedatthedoor.Iopenedthedoorandthenwentonwritingtheletter(=…wentonwiththeletter).
10.continuetodo“继续做某事”,指做不同的事。
如AfterreadingEnglish,shecontinuedtolearnmath.
continuedoing“继续做某事”,指做同一件事。
如WhenIwaswritingaletter,someoneknockedthedoor.Iopenedthedoorandthencontinuedwritingtheletter.
11.beusedtodo“被用来做某事”如Dictionariesareusedtolookupwords.
beusedtodoing“习惯于做某事”如Heisusedtoexercisinginthemorning.
12.try后接不定式表示设法去做某事,接动名词表示做某事试试(看有何效果)。
如:
Trytobeseriousforamoment.设法正经一会儿。
Tryphoninghishomenumber.给他家里打个电话试试。
13.stoptodosth表示停下做另一件事,stopdoingsth表示停止正在做的事
Ⅰ.单项选择
()1.—Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?
—Sorry,Ihavealotofhousework .
A.todoB.doneC.doD.tobedone
()2.—ItriedtomakeKate hermind,butIfoundithard.
—Well,Isawyou thatwhenIwentpast.
A.changes;do B.changes;doing
C.tochange;do D.change;doing
()3.—Oh,Ihadaterribletoothache.
—You’dbetter seeadoctorandhaveyourbadteeth out.
A.goto;pullingB.togoto;pulled
C.goto;pulledD.togoto;pulling
()4.—MrWang,Ihavetrouble thetext.
—Remember itthreetimesbeforeyoubegintounderstandit.
A.tounderstand;readingB.understanding;reading
C.understanding;toreadD.tounderstand;toread
()5.Don’tworry.Wewilldoanythingwecan you.
A.helpB.tohelpC.behelpedD.helped
()6.—Didyouletanyone theflowers?
—Yes,Ihadtheflowers .
A.towater;waterB.towater;watered
C.water;tobewateredD.water;watered
()7.Wouldyoumind meafavour?
A.doB.todoC.doingD.did
()8.—Whynot theMusicClub?
—Sorry,Ican’tsingordance.
A.tojoinB.joinC.joiningD.joinin
()9.Nomatterhowharditis,we’llkeep untilwemakeit.
A.failedB.failingC.triedD.trying
()10.Whathappenedtotheboy?
Hetried myquestions.
A.toavoidanswering B.avoidinganswering
C.toavoidtoanswer D.avoidingtoanswer
()11.Wecouldn’thelp whenUncleWangtoldusthenews.
A.laughB.laughedC.laughingD.tolaugh
()12.—WhatshouldIdo,doctor?
— healthy,youshouldtakemoreexercise.
A.KeepB.KeepingC.TokeepD.Havingkept
()13.Ittookmydaughtertwoweeks thenovels byLiuYong.
A.read;written B.toread;written
C.reading;towrite D.toread;wrote
()14.—Willyoupleaseshowmehowtodotherole-playexercise?
—Sure.Nowletmetellyou first.
A.whichtodoB.howtodo
C.whentodoD.whattodo
()15.Whenclassbegins,westop totheteachercarefully.
A.listeningB.tolistenC.listensD.listen
Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.I’mveryglad (hear)thatgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthepast30yearsinourhometown.
2.Hewasmade (finish)alotofworkduringtheholiday.
3.You’dbetter (nottake)thetrousersaway.Trythemonfirst.
4.Nowallthestudentsareverybusy (get)readyforthecomingexam.
5.Hasthedoctorallowedher (get)outofbed?
6.Ifeellike (give)upMathsbecauseit’shardtolearn.
7.That’stheendoftheprogramme.Thanksfor (listen).
8. (do)morningexercisesisgoodforourhealth.
9.Wearelookingforwardto (meet)anewclassmatefromAmerica.
10.It’sverykindofyou (tell)meaboutit.
11.—Hi,MrWang,couldyouhelpme (work)outtheproblem?
—OK,letmetry.
12.Idon’tthinkiteasyforher (finish)theworkintwodays.
13.Thedoctoradvisedme (noteat)toomuchcandy.
14.Look!
Thereisapetdog (lie)ontheground.Let’sgoandplaywithit.
15.Ifyouwanttobehealthy,youaresupposedtogiveup (smoke).
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