必修一第五单元知识梳理.docx
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必修一第五单元知识梳理.docx
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必修一第五单元知识梳理
UnitfiveNelsonMandela–amodernhero
Vocabulary&Exercises
1.devote…to…献身于…
Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifetohelpingothers.
Theoldmanhasdevotedallhislifetoteaching.Shedevotesallhersparetimetolookingafterhersickmother.
devote…to…句型中的宾语多用(all)one’slife;(all)one’stime;one’seffort/efforts。
1、Althoughtheworkingmotherisverybusy,shestill_____alotoftimetoherchildren.
A.devotes B.spends C.offers D.provides
答案:
A
2、_____twoyearsto________afterthesickwoman,shebadlyneededaholiday.
A.Devotingherself;look B.Devoted;looking
C.Devoting;looking D.Devoted;looked
答案:
B
2.fightvt.&vi.战斗
HefoughtagainsttheGermanNazisandJapaneseinvadersduringWorldWarII.
(1)fightwith..和…并肩作战
WefoughtwiththeSovietRedArmyduringWorldWarII.
(2)fightagainst反对;和…作斗争
Everyoneshouldfightagainstpollution.
(3)fightfor…为…而战
NelsonMandelafoughtfortheequalrightsoftheblackpeopleinSouthAfrica.
(4)fightback还击;还手
Ifyoubeatmeagain,Iwillfightback.
Englandfought______Germanyinthewarof1914—1918.
A.against B.with C.for D.to
答案:
A
3.offervt.提供
Heofferedguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems.
(1)主动提出做某事
Mydaughterofferedtocleantheroomyesterday.
offer表示“主动提出做某事”时,后面一般跟动词不定式。
(2)主动给与
TheyofferedmeacupofteawhenIarrived.
(3)出价
Howmuchdoyouofferformycar?
offer表示“出价”时,一般用“offersomemoneyforsth.”句型。
(1)“要价;索价”用“chargesomemoneyforsth.”句型。
Icharge100,000Yuanforthiscar.
(2)offer还可以作名词,表示“提供;报价”。
Hedidn’tacceptmyoffer.
1、—Why are you looking pleased ?
—Oh , I’ve just had a job _____.
A.offered B.offering C.to offer D.being offered
答案:
A
2、–Howmuchdoyou_____mendingapairofshoes?
--$15.
A.ask B.spendfor C.chargefor D.pay
答案:
C
3、Themissingboywaslastseen______neartheriver.
A.tobeplaying B.play C.playing D.havingplayed
答案:
C
4、–Howmuchdoyou_____mendingapairofshoes?
--$15.
A.ask B.spendfor C.chargefor D.pay
答案:
C
4.see+O+OC
Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.
(1)seesb./sth.do看到过某人做某事
Didyouseeanyonegointothebuilding?
在seesb./sth.do句型中,do表示动作的全过程,即动作已经结束。
被动句中,作宾语补足语的不定式要带to。
(2)seesb./sth.doing 看到某人/某物正在做…
Icanseesomeboysplayingbasketballontheplayground.
(3)seesb./sth.done看到某人/某物被…
LookingupIsawhiseyesfixedonmeincuroisity.
(4)seesb./sth+adj.
Itwasthefirsttimethestudentshadeverseentheteacherreallyangry.
(5)seesb./sth+介词短语
Seeingmeinneedofmoney,myfathergavemesome.
seeabout负责处理
seeafter 照顾
see…off送别
seethrough看穿;识破
seeto处理;修理
1、The______boywaslastseen____neartheEastLake.
A.missing;playing B.missing;play C.missed;played D.missed;toplay
答案:
A
2、–HaveyouseenMarytoday?
--Yes,I________aminuteago.
A.seehercomein B.haveseenhertocomein
C.sawhercomein D.seehercomingin
答案:
C
3、Amanwasseen_______tobreakintothehouse.
A.try B.trying C.tried D.totry
答案:
B
4、IthoughtIsawProfessorDavis______inthelibrarylastnight.
A.working B.towork C.worked D.works
答案:
A
5.progress/advance进步
Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.
Scientistshavemademuchprogressinmedicinetheseyears.
(1)progress是不可数名词;advance是可数名词。
(2)“取得进步”用makeprogress/makeadvance
6.atall
Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.
(1)用于疑问句,表示“到底;根本”。
Whatdoyouwanttosayatall?
你到底想说什么?
(2)用于否定句,表示“一点也不;根本不”。
Idon’twanttolearnEnglishatall.我根本不想学英语。
(3)用于条件句,表示“真的”。
Ifitrainstomorrowatall,wewillputoffthesportsmeet.
(4)用于陈述句,表示“确实”。
Ittookmealongtimetowriteananswertoyourletteratall.
atall用在句子里都是为了加强语气。
(1)inall 总计;合计
Thereareover2000studentsinthisschoolinall.
(2)afterall 毕竟;终究;别忘了
Thelittleboycan’tlifttheheavybox,afterall,heisonlyfive.
(3)aboveall最重要的是
WhenyouarestudyingEnglish,youshouldrememberthenewwords,learnsomegrammar,aboveall,youshouldstudyhard.
1、IthoughtIwasgoingtofailtheexam,butIsucceeded_______.
A.firstall B.inall C.atall D.afterall
答案:
D
2、Iwouldliketorentaflat,modern,comfortableand______inaquietenvironment.
A.afterall B.atall C.inall D.aboveall
答案:
D
3、______,youmusttellusthetruth,thenwewillfindawaytohelpyoutogetoutofthetrouble.
A.Afterall B.Inall C.Atall D.Firstofall
答案:
D
4、Childrenneedmanythings,_______,theyneedlove.
A.afterall B.firstofall C.lastofall D.atlast
答案:
B
7.allowvt.允许;同意
Whenthiswasnotallowed…onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.
(1)+n.
Mostteachersdon’tallownoiseintheirclasses.
(2)+doing
Wedon’tallowsmokinginoffices.
(3)allowsb.todosth.
DoesyourEnglishteacherallowyoutospeakChineseinhisclass?
特别提示:
(1)forbid“禁止”和allow意思完全相反,但用法完全相同。
(2)千万记住,没有agreesb.todosth.句型。
1、Youaren’tallowed______basketballifyouhaven’tfinishedyourhomework.
A.play B.playing C.toplaying D.toplay
答案:
D
2、A:
Oh, how much freedom do your parents give you ,Jennifer?
B:
Well ,quite a lot .I mean I’m allowed _____ most evenings.
A.of going out B.go out C.going out D.out
答案:
D
3、What worried the child most was _____ to visit his brother in hospital.
A.his not being allowed B.his not allowing
C.his being not allowed D.having not been allowed
答案:
A
4、Fatherwillnot____ustotouchanythinginhisroomwhenheisaway.
A.have B.let C.agree D.allow
答案:
D
5、–Willyou______me____outthisproblemmyself?
---OK.
A.make;work B.permit;working C.let;work D.allow;work
答案:
C
8.blowup使充气;爆炸
butin1963Ihelpedhimblowupsomegovernmentbuildings.
Thesoldiersblewupthebridgewithdynamite.
Youshouldblowupyourbiketires.。
blowhotandcold喜怒无常
blowit他妈的(骂人)
blowoffsteam发脾气
blowone’sownhorn自吹自擂
blowone’stop怒发冲冠
blowover被淡忘
blowout熄火;爆裂
9.imaginevt.想象;设想
Youcan’timaginehowthenameofRobbenIslandmadeusafraid.
(1)+n.
Somepeoplealwaysimagineillnessesthatdon’texist.
(2)+从句
AsIlieinbedIliketoimaginethatIamastudentintheclassroom.
Ican’timaginewhytheyareagainsthim.
(3)+doing
Ican’timaginelivingwithoutelectricity.
(4)imagine+O+doing
Thefanscan’timagineHouYaohualyingonTV.
inaginationn.想象力
易混辨析:
imaginary和imaginative
两个词都是形容词,但imaginary表示“想象出来的;虚构的”。
而imaginative表示“有想象力的”。
Ghostsareimaginary.鬼怪是想象出来的。
Hisimaginativewritingmadehimagreatwriter.
IcanhardlyimaginePeter______acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.
A.sail B.sailing C.tosail D.tohavesailed
答案:
B
10.findout发现;了解
However,thepolicefoundoutandtoldmybossthatIhadebeeninprisonforblowingupgovernmentbuildings.
(1)+名词或代词
Wemustfindoutthetruthofthematter.
Youwillbesorryifwefindoutthesecret.
(2)+连接代词或连接副词+todo
Ifyoukeeponpractising,youwillsoonfindouthowtodriveacar.
(3)+that从句
HowdidyoufindoutthathehadhadanH1N1flu?
(4)+连接代词或连接副词引导的从句
Ihaven’tfoundoutwhobrokethewindow.
特别提示:
(1)find和findout都能表示“发现”,但find表示结果;findout表示过程。
(2)find有find+O+OC句型;findout没有这个句型。
1、---Mark,Ifailedintheexamagain.I’msoupset.
---Don’tworry.Ithinkthefirstthing______is______yourweakpoints.
A.todo,findout B.beingdone,tofindout
C.todo,toholdout D.beingdone,holdout
答案:
A
2、–Whenwilltheplanearrive?
---Iwilltellyouwhen__________.
A.Ihavebeenfindingout B.Ifindout
C.Iamfindingout D.Iwillfindout
答案:
B
3、Tomisbadlyillinhospital.Thedoctorsaretryingtheirbestto______what’sthematterwithhim.
A.findout B.find C.invent D.discover
答案:
A
4、–Whenwilltheplanearrive?
---Iwilltellyouwhen__________.
A.Ihavebeenfindingout B.Ifindout
C.Iamfindingout D.Iwillfindout
答案:
B
11.award,prize,reward 奖
TheysaidthatthejobandthepayfromthenewSouthAfricangovernmentweremyrewardafterworkingallmylifeforequalrightsfortheBlacks.
award“奖,奖品”。
对于优异成绩获卓越贡献经过评定后正式授予的奖励。
奖励可以是精神的,也可以是物质的。
其获得这并不一定参加某种竞赛,但其成绩却达到获奖水平。
prize“奖赏,奖品”。
确认某人在竞赛中取得优异成绩并给与特殊奖励。
含有优胜者几经拼搏,胜利来之不易的意思。
广义指极好的东西,珍品。
reward“报答,酬劳”不指荣誉,指应得的报酬。
Itiswidelyacceptedthatyoungbabieslearntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadto_____.
A.rewards B.prizes C.awards D.results
答案:
A
12.setup;build;found;putup建立
WeweresurprisedwhenheleftUniversitytosetuphisowncompany“Microsoft”andmakehisownsoftware.
setup“开办;建立”。
常和表示组织、机构、团体等意义的名词连用;与found基本相同,但found更着重打基础。
build“建成;建设”。
常指建造较大物体。
在表示建立一个商店、企业时多用start或open。
found指建立国家、政权、组织。
putup指“临时搭建”。
着重指建造或搭起具有高度的具体的物体。
setabout开始;散布
setback往回拨;推迟
setaside挑出;不顾;不理会
setapart使分离;留出
setforth 动身;启程;阐明
setoff动身;出发;引爆
setoneselfagainst坚决反对
setout动身;开始;装饰;摆放
setouttodosth着手做
setaboutdoingsth着手做
1、________in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.
A.Beingfounded B.Itwasfounded C.Founded D.Founding
答案:
C
2、It’stenyearssincethescientist_____onhisl
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