英语试题练习4及答案.docx
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英语试题练习4及答案.docx
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英语试题练习4及答案
英语试题
第Ⅰ卷
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Volunteersgivetheirtimeandmoneytohelpthoseinneed.Non-profitorganizationsaroundtheworldseekvolunteerstofeedthehomeless,buildhousesandencouragepeoplewhosuffer.Thosewhocannotgivetimeareencouragedtogivedonationstovolunteerorganizations.Thefollowingareallnon-profitorgnizations.
HabitatforHumanity
Foundedin1942,HabitatforHumanityhasbuiltover400,000homesandservedmorethan2millionpeoplearoundtheworld.Ithelpscreateaffordablehomesforthoseaffectedbynaturaldisastersandhomelessness.Itsgoalistoremovepovertyandhomelessnessfromtheworld.
PeaceCorps
Over200,000PeaceCorpsvolunteershaveworkedin139hostcountriesaroundtheworld.Thisvolunteerorganizationbeganin1960,workingonAIDSrelief,businessdevelopmentandInformationtechnologyaroundtheworld.In2011,37%ofitsvolunteerswereservinginAfrica,24%inLatinAmericaand21%inEasternEuropeandCentralAsia.Itaimstopromoteworldpeaceandfriendship,
MakeaWishFoundation
MakeaWishFoundationisagloballyknownvolunteerorganizationseekingtohelpchildrenwithlife-threateningmedicalconditions.bTheorganizationwasfoundedin1980andhasreachedmorethan193,000childrenaroundtheglobe.Childrenwithlife-threateningmedicalconditionsareselectedtohaveapersonalwishcometrue.Thisorganizationcreatesanunforgettableexperienceforachildinneed.
VolunteersofAmerica
VolunteersofAmericaisanon-profitorganizationthathashelpedover2millionpeopleintheUS.It’sfamousintheUSforitshumanserviceprogramsforat-riskyouths,theelderlyandhomelesspeople.Approximately70,000volunteershelpthisorganizationreachitsaim*Forover115years,ithasbroughtmeals,medicineandwarmthtopeopleinneedintheUS.
21.What'sthepurposeofthetext?
A.Tocomparedifferentvolunteerorganizations.
B.Topromotesomebenefitsofvolunteering.
C.Totellhowvolunteerorganizationswork.
D.Tointroducesomevolunteerorganizations.
22.Whichofthefollowinghastheshortesthistory?
A.HabitatforHumanity.B.PeaceCorps.
C.MakeaWishFoundation.D.VolunteersofAmerica.
23.WhatmakesVolunteersofAmericadifferentfromtheotherthree?
A.Theaimofitsworking,B.Therangeofitsservicearea.
C.Thenumberofitsvolunteers.D.Thenumberofpeoplebenefited,
B
ItisquiteapparentthatcompetitionsurroundseveryaspectofhumanlifewhetherintheUnitedStatesortheAmazonRainForest.Withoutitwewouldnothavegrownintoprimates(灵长类动物).Orwewouldprobablystillbestrugglingtosharpenabronzetoolwhilecrawlingaroundonfourlegsinsearchofmeat.Withoutcompetition,Columbuswouldn’thavediscoveredAmericaandEdisonwouldneverhaveinventedthelightbulb.
Friendship,likeallrelationshipbetweentwopeople,involvescompetition.Itisn’tcompetitioninatraditionalsensebecausetherearenogoalstobescoredandnoprize.Perhapstheecologicaldefinition—thesimultaneous(同时的)demandbytwoormoreorganismsforlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrients,livingspace,orlight—betterexplainit.
Asinnature,highschoollifeisgovernedbyasetoflaws,similartoashortenedversionofDarwin’stheoryofevolution,overpopulation,andcompetition.Thereisanabundanceofhighschoolstudentsandtodistinguishthem,rankingandcategorizing(分类)takeplace.Inhighschool,friendshipslearntoco-existwithcompetitioneventhoughattimestherelationshipisrough.Infact,insomecircumstances,competitionistoomuchofaburdenforafriendshiptobear,causingittofallapart.Collegeadmissionisthefinalhighschoolobjective.Fouryearsofhardworkistoachievegoodgrades,andastudent’sfateisdeterminednotonlybytheseachievements,butbytherecordsofthousandsofotherseniorstryingtoachieveasimilarrecognition.
Nevertheless,bynecessity,competitionbetweenstudentsexistsinallaspectsofhighschoollife.Itsetsandimprovesthestandardsineverythingfromsportstoschoolwork.Ahealthy,friendlycompetitioncanhaveonlybenefits,butwhenitbecomestoofierce,jealousy(妒忌)cantearfriendshipsapart.Yet,despiteallthis,withoutcompetition,wewouldbelost.
24.Whatdoestheecologicaldefinitionmainlyexplain?
A.Howfriendscompetewitheachother.
B.Howtowinthecompetition.
C.Whattheresultofcompetitionis.
D.Whatcompetitionexactlyis.
25.Accordingtothewriter,whatcausesthehighschoolstudentstocompete?
A.Thenumberofthemistoolarge.
B.Friendshipisaburdenforthem.
C.Theyknowthelawsofnaturewell.
D.Theyaredividedintodifferentgroups.
26.Whichbestdescribestherelationshipoffriendshipandcompetition?
A.Friendshipisalwaysbasedoncompetition.
B.Thedegreeofcompetitionisvitaltofriendship.
C.Competitionisterriblyharmfultofriendship.
D.Competitionisaresultoflostfriendship.
27.Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“competition”?
A.Theresultsofcompetitionareoutofcontrol.
B.Competitionbecomesfiercerinhighschool.
C.Competitioniscertaintohappenatschools.
D.Friendshipisnotasimportantascompetitionatschools.
C
AJapanesecompany,NextTechnology,hascreatedarobotdogthatcantellyouhowbadyourfeetsmell,byusingapowerfulsensorfixedinitsnose.Ifyourfeetdon’thaveabadsmell,Hana-chanwillhappilywagitstail,ifit'sexposedtofeetthataremildlysmelly,it'11starttobark,andiftheygiveoffanextremelybadsmell,it'11justfalloverlikethesmellcausedittofaint(昏倒).
Footodor(脚臭)isabigdealinJapan,whereit’scustomaryforpeopletotakeofftheirshoeswhenevertheyentersomeone'shome.Infact,exposingotherstobodilyodorscanbeconsideredannoyanceinJapan.Someofthemostbrilliantmindsinthecountry’stechindustryhavebeentryingtosolvethisproblem.Lastyear,Thanksstartedsellingaxmpit(腋窝)fansdesignedtokeeppeople’sarmpitsniceanddry.Now,wehaveHana-chan.
Therobotdoghasaspecialsensorforanose,andcantellyouifyourfeetsmelljustbysniffingthemforafewseconds.Accordingtosomemediareports,Hana-chancanhelpsolvetheproblemofextremelysmellyfeetbysprayingthemwithairfreshener,butit'sunclearwhetherthisfeaturecomesbuilt-in,orifyou’11havetopayextraforit.
AccordingtoresearchersatNextTechnology,theideaforHana-chanwasinspiredbyapersonwhodesperatelywantedsomewaytoknowifhisfeetsmelled.“Hetoldushisdaughterhadsaidhisfeetweresmelly,”NextTechnology'sKimikaTsujisaid.Buthedidn'twanttoknowhowbadtheodorwasbecausehewouldfeel
hurt.That'swhywedevelopedthiscuterobot.”
YoumaybeabletomakeHana-chanfaintwithyoursmellyfeet,butitcanhaveaneffectonbudget-consciouspeople.NextTechnologyplanstostartsellingthefeet-smellingrobotdognextMay.
28.UnderwhatconditionwillHana-chanbark?
A.Whenitsnoseisfixedwithasensor.
B.Whenitdetectsmildlysmellyfeet.
C.Whenitwagsitstail.
D.Whensomethingiswrongwithitsnose.
29.WhyisfootodorpaidgreatattentiontoinJapan?
A.BecauseJapanesehavestrongbodilyodors.
B.Becauseitstechindustryishighlydeveloped.
C.BecauseJapaneseareespeciallyconsiderateofothers.
D.BecauseJapaneseareusuallybarefootedatothers’home.
30.WhatcanbeinferredaboutHana-chanfromthetext?
A.ItsideacomesfromKimikaTsuji.B.It’salreadyavailableinthemarket.
C.Itcanrecognizefootodorquickly,D.Ithasabuilt-inairfreshenersprayer.
31.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraphimply?
A.Hana-chanisnocheapthing.
B.Peopleshouldmindtheirsmellyfeet.
C.Peopleshouldbecarefulabouttheirbudget.
D.Hana-chanmakespeopleloosentheirbudget.
D
Ilookaroundandcan’trecognizewhereIam.Itseemsfamiliarbutdistant.IseemyfriendsgatheredbyastagewheremusicisplayingandIrunover.AsIbeginrunningtowardsthem,theybecomefurtherandfurtheraway.Ikeepcallingforthem,butnoonehearsme.Istarthearingadistantalarm-likesoundandIamtransportedaway.Iwokeupinadaze(茫然)sittinginmybed.
“Oh,itwasonlyadream,”Isaidtomyself.Ihavealwayshadvividandintensedreams.Sometimes,itfeelslikeIhaven’tevensleptbecauseIhavebeenlivingoutmydreamsduringmysleep.
Today,dreamingisbeingstudiedevenmorethanever.Somesaythatdreamsarehowyourreceptors(受体)makesenseofrandomthoughtswhileyousleep.Somesaythatyoucan’tdreamofafaceyouhaveneverseenbefore,soeveryoneyouseeinyourdreamsyouhaveatleastlaideyesonatonetimeoranother.
Otherpeoplethinkdreamsarewaysofexpressingstressorinternalfeelingsyoumaybeexperiencing.Alotofpeoplesaythattheyhavedreamsaboutbeingchased(追逐).
Acommoninterpretationofthe“beingchased”dreamisthatyouarefeelingthreatened.Somedreaminterpretationsitessayyoushouldtrytoreflectonwhatorwhoischasingyoutogetabetterideaofwhatismakingyoufeelthisway.
Anotherdreamthatisoftenexperiencedisflying.Thisdreamhasamuchmorepositiveinterpretation,whichisthatyouarefeelingfreeorhavebrokenoutofabadsituationsuchasarelationshipturnedsourorajobyouhate.
Unfortunately,ifyouevenrememberyourdreamsatall,youforgethalfofyourdreamwithinfiveminutesofwakingupandwithin10minutes,youusuallyforget90percentofit.
Dreamologists,peoplewhodevotetimetothestudyandinterpretationofdreams,suggestifyouwanttotrytorememberandstudyyourdreamsyous
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